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Title: Dual Role for Autophagy in Lipid Metabolism in Arabidopsis

Journal Article · · The Plant Cell
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
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Autophagy is a major catabolic pathway whereby cytoplasmic constituents including lipid droplets (LDs), storage compartments for neutral lipids, are delivered to the lysosome or vacuole for degradation. The autophagic degradation of cytosolic LDs, a process termed lipophagy, has been extensively studied in yeast and mammals, but little is known about the role for autophagy in lipid metabolism in plants. Organisms maintain a basal level of autophagy under favorable conditions and upregulate the autophagic activity under stress including starvation. Here, we demonstrate that plant basal autophagy contributes to triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis, whereas inducible autophagy contributes to LD degradation. We found that disruption of basal autophagy impedes organellar membrane lipid turnover, and hence fatty acid mobilization from membrane lipids to TAG. We show that lipophagy is induced under starvation as indicated by colocalization of LDs with the autophagic marker and the presence of LDs in vacuoles. We additionally show that lipophagy occurs in a process morphologically resembling microlipophagy and requires the core components of the macroautophagic machinery. Together, this study provides mechanistic insight into lipophagy, and reveals a dual role for autophagy in regulating lipid synthesis and turnover in plants.

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012704; (DE-SC0012704)
OSTI ID:
1509771
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1556882
Report Number(s):
BNL-211940-2019-JAAM
Journal Information:
The Plant Cell, Vol. 31, Issue 7; ISSN 1040-4651
Publisher:
American Society of Plant BiologistsCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

Cited By (8)

A new insight into the mechanism for cytosolic lipid droplet degradation in senescent leaves journal November 2019
Time-resolved multi-omics analysis reveals the role of nutrient stress-induced resource reallocation for TAG accumulation in oleaginous fungus Mortierella alpina journal July 2020
Dynamic Interactions between Autophagosomes and Lipid Droplets in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii journal August 2019
Inhibition of TOR in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Leads to Rapid Cysteine Oxidation Reflecting Sustained Physiological Changes journal September 2019
Autophagy-Like Cell Death Regulates Hydrogen Peroxide and Calcium Ion Distribution in Xa3/Xa26-Mediated Resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae journal December 2019
Algal Autophagy Is Necessary for the Regulation of Carbon Metabolism Under Nutrient Deficiency journal February 2020
Autophagy: An Intracellular Degradation Pathway Regulating Plant Survival and Stress Response journal February 2020
Dynamic Interactions between Autophagosomes and Lipid Droplets in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii journal August 2019

Figures / Tables (26)

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES