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Title: Characterization of surface–solute interactions by diffusioosmosis

Abstract

The accurate measurement of wall zeta potentials and solute–surface interaction length scales for electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutes, respectively, is critical to the design of many biomedical and microfluidic applications. We present a novel microfluidic approach using diffusioosmosis for measuring either the zeta potentials or the characteristic interaction length scales for surfaces exposed to, respectively, electrolyte or non-electrolyte solutes. When flows containing different solute concentrations merge in a junction, local solute concentration gradients can drive diffusioosmotic flow due to electrokinetic, steric, and other interactions between the solute molecules and solid surfaces. We demonstrate a microfluidic system consisting of a long, narrow pore connecting two large side channels in which solute concentration gradients drive diffusioosmosis within the pore, resulting in predictable fluid velocity/pressure and solute profiles. Furthermore, we present analytical results and a methodology to determine the zeta potential or interaction length scale for the pore surfaces based on the solute concentrations in the main side channels, the flow rate in the pore, and the pressure drop across the pore. We apply this method to the experimental data of Lee et al. to predict the zeta potentials of their system, and we use 3D numerical simulations to validate the theory and showmore » that end effects caused by the junctions are negligible for a wide range of parameters. Because the dynamics in the proposed system are driven by diffusioosmosis, this technique does not suffer from certain disadvantages associated with the use of sensitive electronics in traditional zeta potential measurement approaches such as streaming potential, streaming current, or electroosmosis. As a result, to the best of our knowledge this is the first flow-based approach to characterize surface/solute interactions with non-electrolyte solutes.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  2. Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI (United States)
  3. Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1509570
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1491428
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725; Proposal Number 9060
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Soft Matter
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 15; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1744-683X
Publisher:
Royal Society of Chemistry
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING

Citation Formats

Ault, Jesse T., Shin, Sangwoo, and Stone, Howard A. Characterization of surface–solute interactions by diffusioosmosis. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1039/C8SM01360H.
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Ault, Jesse T., Shin, Sangwoo, & Stone, Howard A. Characterization of surface–solute interactions by diffusioosmosis. United States. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8SM01360H
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Ault, Jesse T., Shin, Sangwoo, and Stone, Howard A. Thu . "Characterization of surface–solute interactions by diffusioosmosis". United States. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8SM01360H. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1509570.
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@article{osti_1509570,
title = {Characterization of surface–solute interactions by diffusioosmosis},
author = {Ault, Jesse T. and Shin, Sangwoo and Stone, Howard A.},
abstractNote = {The accurate measurement of wall zeta potentials and solute–surface interaction length scales for electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutes, respectively, is critical to the design of many biomedical and microfluidic applications. We present a novel microfluidic approach using diffusioosmosis for measuring either the zeta potentials or the characteristic interaction length scales for surfaces exposed to, respectively, electrolyte or non-electrolyte solutes. When flows containing different solute concentrations merge in a junction, local solute concentration gradients can drive diffusioosmotic flow due to electrokinetic, steric, and other interactions between the solute molecules and solid surfaces. We demonstrate a microfluidic system consisting of a long, narrow pore connecting two large side channels in which solute concentration gradients drive diffusioosmosis within the pore, resulting in predictable fluid velocity/pressure and solute profiles. Furthermore, we present analytical results and a methodology to determine the zeta potential or interaction length scale for the pore surfaces based on the solute concentrations in the main side channels, the flow rate in the pore, and the pressure drop across the pore. We apply this method to the experimental data of Lee et al. to predict the zeta potentials of their system, and we use 3D numerical simulations to validate the theory and show that end effects caused by the junctions are negligible for a wide range of parameters. Because the dynamics in the proposed system are driven by diffusioosmosis, this technique does not suffer from certain disadvantages associated with the use of sensitive electronics in traditional zeta potential measurement approaches such as streaming potential, streaming current, or electroosmosis. As a result, to the best of our knowledge this is the first flow-based approach to characterize surface/solute interactions with non-electrolyte solutes.},
doi = {10.1039/C8SM01360H},
journal = {Soft Matter},
number = 7,
volume = 15,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2019},
month = {Thu Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2019}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1039/C8SM01360H
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