Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems

Gao, Ping; Liu, Hong

doi:10.1007/jhep01(2018)040

Title: Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems

Abstract

Many physical processes we observe in nature involve variations of macroscopic quantities over spatial and temporal scales much larger than microscopic molecular collision scales and can be considered as in local thermal equilibrium. In this paper we show that any classical statistical system in local thermal equilibrium has an emergent supersymmetry at low energies. We use the framework of non-equilibrium effective field theory for quantum many-body systems defined on a closed time path contour and consider its classical limit. Unitarity of time evolution requires introducing anti-commuting degrees of freedom and BRST symmetry which survive in the classical limit. The local equilibrium is realized through a Z2 dynamical KMS symmetry. We show that supersymmetry is equivalent to the combination of BRST and a specific consequence of the dynamical KMS symmetry, to which we refer as the special dynamical KMS condition. In particular, we prove a theorem stating that a system satisfying the special dynamical KMS condition is always supersymmetrizable. Here, we discuss a number of examples explicitly, including model A for dynamical critical phenomena, a hydrodynamic theory of nonlinear diffusion, and fluctuating hydrodynamics for relativistic charged fluids.

Authors:

^[1]; Liu, Hong ^[2]

Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Center for Theoretical Physics

Publication Date:: Wed Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2018

Research Org.:: Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1507704

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-05ER41360

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 2018; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479

Publisher:: Springer Berlin

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Effective Field Theories; Quantum Dissipative Systems; Supersymmetric Effective Theories

Citation Formats


                    Gao, Ping, and Liu, Hong. Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1007/jhep01(2018)040.

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                    Gao, Ping, & Liu, Hong. Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep01(2018)040

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                    Gao, Ping, and Liu, Hong. Wed .  
"Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep01(2018)040.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1507704.

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@article{osti_1507704,

  title        = {Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems},

  author       = {Gao, Ping and Liu, Hong},

  abstractNote = {Many physical processes we observe in nature involve variations of macroscopic quantities over spatial and temporal scales much larger than microscopic molecular collision scales and can be considered as in local thermal equilibrium. In this paper we show that any classical statistical system in local thermal equilibrium has an emergent supersymmetry at low energies. We use the framework of non-equilibrium effective field theory for quantum many-body systems defined on a closed time path contour and consider its classical limit. Unitarity of time evolution requires introducing anti-commuting degrees of freedom and BRST symmetry which survive in the classical limit. The local equilibrium is realized through a Z2 dynamical KMS symmetry. We show that supersymmetry is equivalent to the combination of BRST and a specific consequence of the dynamical KMS symmetry, to which we refer as the special dynamical KMS condition. In particular, we prove a theorem stating that a system satisfying the special dynamical KMS condition is always supersymmetrizable. Here, we discuss a number of examples explicitly, including model A for dynamical critical phenomena, a hydrodynamic theory of nonlinear diffusion, and fluctuating hydrodynamics for relativistic charged fluids.},

  doi          = {10.1007/jhep01(2018)040},

  journal      = {Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 2018,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2018},

  month        = {Wed Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2018}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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Works referencing / citing this record:

An action for and hydrodynamics from the improved Large D membrane
journal, September 2018

Dandekar, Yogesh; Kundu, Suman; Mazumdar, Subhajit
Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 9
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Haehl, Felix M.; Loganayagam, R.; Rangamani, Mukund
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Title: Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems

Abstract

Citation Formats

Equilibrium and nonequilibrium formalisms made unified journal, February 1985

Random Magnetic Fields, Supersymmetry, and Negative Dimensions journal, September 1979

Theory of dynamic critical phenomena journal, July 1977

Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. Part I: BRST symmetries and superspace journal, June 2017

Renormalized field theory of critical dynamics journal, March 1976

Statistical Dynamics of Classical Systems journal, July 1973

A field-theoretic approach to non-equilibrium work identities journal, February 2011

Onsager principle of microscopic reversibility and supersymmetry journal, September 1984

Effective field theory of dissipative fluids journal, September 2017

Effective field theory of dissipative fluids (II): classical limit, dynamical KMS symmetry and entropy current journal, September 2017

The fluid manifesto: emergent symmetries, hydrodynamics, and black holes journal, January 2016

Keldysh field theory for driven open quantum systems journal, August 2016

Theory of Many-Particle Systems. I journal, September 1959

Thermodynamic equilibrium as a symmetry of the Schwinger-Keldysh action journal, October 2015

Critical dynamics: a field-theoretical approach journal, May 2006

On thermal fluctuations and the generating functional in relativistic hydrodynamics journal, July 2015

Brownian Motion of a Quantum Oscillator journal, May 1961

The theory of a general quantum system interacting with a linear dissipative system journal, October 1963

Adiabatic hydrodynamics: the eightfold way to dissipation journal, May 2015

Field Theory of Non-Equilibrium Systems book, January 2011

Generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem for nonlinear response functions journal, July 2002

Towards an effective action for relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics journal, July 2014

Quantum Field Theory and Critical Phenomena (4th Edition) book, June 2002

Hydrodynamic equations and correlation functions journal, October 1963

On the hidden supersymmetry of Fokker-Planck equations with potential forces journal, May 1983

Hydrodynamic Equations and Correlation Functions journal, April 2000

Brownian motion of a quantum oscillator journal, April 1975

The Theory of a General Quantum System Interacting with a Linear Dissipative System journal, April 2000

Random Magnetic Fields, Supersymmetry and Negative Dimensions text, January 1979

Quantum Field Theory and Critical Phenomena book, April 2021

A field-theoretic approach to nonequilibrium work identities text, January 2010

Towards an effective action for relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics text, January 2014

Adiabatic hydrodynamics: The eightfold way to dissipation text, January 2015

On thermal fluctuations and the generating functional in relativistic hydrodynamics text, January 2015

Thermodynamic Equilibrium as a Symmetry of the Schwinger-Keldysh Action text, January 2015

Effective field theory of dissipative fluids preprint, January 2015

Keldysh Field Theory for Driven Open Quantum Systems text, January 2015

Schwinger-Keldysh formalism I: BRST symmetries and superspace text, January 2016

Effective field theory for dissipative fluids (II): classical limit, dynamical KMS symmetry and entropy current text, January 2017

An action for and hydrodynamics from the improved Large D membrane journal, September 2018

Dissipative hydrodynamics in superspace text, January 2017

Generalised global symmetries in holography: magnetohydrodynamic waves in a strongly interacting plasma text, January 2017

Effective Action for Relativistic Hydrodynamics: Fluctuations, Dissipation, and Entropy Inflow text, January 2018

Equilibrium and nonequilibrium formalisms made unified
journal, February 1985

Random Magnetic Fields, Supersymmetry, and Negative Dimensions
journal, September 1979

Theory of dynamic critical phenomena
journal, July 1977

Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. Part I: BRST symmetries and superspace
journal, June 2017

Renormalized field theory of critical dynamics
journal, March 1976

Statistical Dynamics of Classical Systems
journal, July 1973

A field-theoretic approach to non-equilibrium work identities
journal, February 2011

Onsager principle of microscopic reversibility and supersymmetry
journal, September 1984

Effective field theory of dissipative fluids
journal, September 2017

Effective field theory of dissipative fluids (II): classical limit, dynamical KMS symmetry and entropy current
journal, September 2017

The fluid manifesto: emergent symmetries, hydrodynamics, and black holes
journal, January 2016

Keldysh field theory for driven open quantum systems
journal, August 2016

Theory of Many-Particle Systems. I
journal, September 1959

Thermodynamic equilibrium as a symmetry of the Schwinger-Keldysh action
journal, October 2015

Critical dynamics: a field-theoretical approach
journal, May 2006

On thermal fluctuations and the generating functional in relativistic hydrodynamics
journal, July 2015

Brownian Motion of a Quantum Oscillator
journal, May 1961

The theory of a general quantum system interacting with a linear dissipative system
journal, October 1963

Adiabatic hydrodynamics: the eightfold way to dissipation
journal, May 2015

Field Theory of Non-Equilibrium Systems
book, January 2011

Generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem for nonlinear response functions
journal, July 2002

Towards an effective action for relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics
journal, July 2014

Quantum Field Theory and Critical Phenomena (4th Edition)
book, June 2002

Hydrodynamic equations and correlation functions
journal, October 1963

On the hidden supersymmetry of Fokker-Planck equations with potential forces
journal, May 1983

Hydrodynamic Equations and Correlation Functions
journal, April 2000

Brownian motion of a quantum oscillator
journal, April 1975

The Theory of a General Quantum System Interacting with a Linear Dissipative System
journal, April 2000

Random Magnetic Fields, Supersymmetry and Negative Dimensions
text, January 1979

Quantum Field Theory and Critical Phenomena
book, April 2021

A field-theoretic approach to nonequilibrium work identities
text, January 2010

Towards an effective action for relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics
text, January 2014

Adiabatic hydrodynamics: The eightfold way to dissipation
text, January 2015

On thermal fluctuations and the generating functional in relativistic hydrodynamics
text, January 2015

Thermodynamic Equilibrium as a Symmetry of the Schwinger-Keldysh Action
text, January 2015

Effective field theory of dissipative fluids
preprint, January 2015

Keldysh Field Theory for Driven Open Quantum Systems
text, January 2015

Schwinger-Keldysh formalism I: BRST symmetries and superspace
text, January 2016

Effective field theory for dissipative fluids (II): classical limit, dynamical KMS symmetry and entropy current
text, January 2017

An action for and hydrodynamics from the improved Large D membrane
journal, September 2018

Dissipative hydrodynamics in superspace
text, January 2017

Generalised global symmetries in holography: magnetohydrodynamic waves in a strongly interacting plasma
text, January 2017

Effective Action for Relativistic Hydrodynamics: Fluctuations, Dissipation, and Entropy Inflow
text, January 2018