Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology
Abstract
Heat input and high strain rate deformation during friction stir welding of aluminum and steel resulted in the diffusion-based formation of a FexAly intermetallic compound (IMC) layer. Compared with conventional friction stir welding tools, a friction stir scribe tool can reduce heat input significantly limiting the IMC layer thickness (~100–750 nm). Friction stir scribe joined lap joints fractured either through the welded interface or within the base aluminum alloy on the loading side, depending on IMC layer thickness during tensile lap shear testing. In addition, a modified effective heat of formation model predicted that Al13Fe4 formed first at aluminum/steel interface and, during welding process, was substituted by Al5Fe2 with local silicon enrichment, which was verified via microstructural characterization.
- Authors:
-
[2];
- Univ. of North Texas, Denton, TX (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Univ. of North Texas, Denton, TX (United States)
- Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (United States)
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- General Motors Technical Center, Warren, MI (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1530733
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1507548
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-142807
Journal ID: ISSN 0264-1275
- Grant/Contract Number:
- NSF-IIP 1157754; AC05-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Materials & Design
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 174; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0264-1275
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Friction stir scribe technology; Dissimilar; Intermetallic; Thermodynamic; Kinetic
Citation Formats
Wang, Tianhao, Sidhar, Harpreet, Mishra, Rajiv S., Hovanski, Yuri, Upadhyay, Piyush, and Carlson, Blair. Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795.
Wang, Tianhao, Sidhar, Harpreet, Mishra, Rajiv S., Hovanski, Yuri, Upadhyay, Piyush, & Carlson, Blair. Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795
Wang, Tianhao, Sidhar, Harpreet, Mishra, Rajiv S., Hovanski, Yuri, Upadhyay, Piyush, and Carlson, Blair. Fri .
"Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1530733.
@article{osti_1530733,
title = {Evaluation of intermetallic compound layer at aluminum/steel interface joined by friction stir scribe technology},
author = {Wang, Tianhao and Sidhar, Harpreet and Mishra, Rajiv S. and Hovanski, Yuri and Upadhyay, Piyush and Carlson, Blair},
abstractNote = {Heat input and high strain rate deformation during friction stir welding of aluminum and steel resulted in the diffusion-based formation of a FexAly intermetallic compound (IMC) layer. Compared with conventional friction stir welding tools, a friction stir scribe tool can reduce heat input significantly limiting the IMC layer thickness (~100–750 nm). Friction stir scribe joined lap joints fractured either through the welded interface or within the base aluminum alloy on the loading side, depending on IMC layer thickness during tensile lap shear testing. In addition, a modified effective heat of formation model predicted that Al13Fe4 formed first at aluminum/steel interface and, during welding process, was substituted by Al5Fe2 with local silicon enrichment, which was verified via microstructural characterization.},
doi = {10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107795},
journal = {Materials & Design},
number = C,
volume = 174,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Fri Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 47 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Evaluation of friction weld interface of aluminium to austenitic stainless steel joint
journal, August 1997
- Fukumoto, S.; Inuki, T.; Tsubakino, H.
- Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 13, Issue 8
Joining of dissimilar materials
journal, January 2015
- Martinsen, K.; Hu, S. J.; Carlson, B. E.
- CIRP Annals, Vol. 64, Issue 2
Comprehensive analysis of joint strength for dissimilar friction stir welds of mild steel to aluminum alloys
journal, October 2009
- Tanaka, Tsutomu; Morishige, Taiki; Hirata, Tomotake
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 61, Issue 7
Joining of aluminum alloy to steel by friction stir welding
journal, September 2006
- Watanabe, Takehiko; Takayama, Hirofumi; Yanagisawa, Atsushi
- Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 178, Issue 1-3
Interfacial reaction in steel–aluminum joints made by friction stir welding
journal, August 2006
- Lee, Won-Bae; Schmuecker, Martin; Mercardo, Ulises Alfaro
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 55, Issue 4
Joining of Al 6061 alloy to AISI 1018 steel by combined effects of fusion and solid state welding
journal, September 2004
- Chen, C. M.; Kovacevic, R.
- International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 44, Issue 11
Interface properties of aluminum/steel friction-welded components
journal, December 2002
- Yılmaz, M.; Çöl, M.; Acet, M.
- Materials Characterization, Vol. 49, Issue 5
Dissimilar friction welding of 6061-T6 aluminum and AISI 1018 steel: Properties and microstructural characterization
journal, May 2010
- Taban, Emel; Gould, Jerry E.; Lippold, John C.
- Materials & Design (1980-2015), Vol. 31, Issue 5
Friction stir scribe welding technique for dissimilar joining of aluminium and galvanised steel
journal, October 2017
- Wang, Tianhao; Sidhar, Harpreet; Mishra, Rajiv S.
- Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, Vol. 23, Issue 3
Effect of hook characteristics on the fracture behaviour of dissimilar friction stir welded aluminium alloy and mild steel sheets
journal, July 2018
- Wang, Tianhao; Sidhar, Harpreet; Mishra, Rajiv S.
- Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, Vol. 24, Issue 2
Banded microstructure in AA2024-T351 and AA2524-T351 aluminum friction stir welds
journal, January 2004
- Yang, Bangcheng; Yan, Junhui; Sutton, Michael A.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 364, Issue 1-2
First phase nucleation in silicon–transition‐metal planar interfaces
journal, May 1976
- Walser, R. M.; Bené, R. W.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 28, Issue 10
First nucleation rule for solid‐state nucleation in metal‐metal thin‐film systems
journal, September 1982
- Bené, R. W.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 6
Prediction of phase formation sequence and phase stability in binary metal‐aluminum thin‐film systems using the effective heat of formation rule
journal, October 1991
- Pretorius, R.; Vredenberg, A. M.; Saris, F. W.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 70, Issue 7
Thin film compound phase formation sequence: An effective heat of formation model
journal, July 1993
- Pretorius, R.; Marais, T. K.; Theron, C. C.
- Materials Science Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1-2
First phase formation at interfaces: Comparison between Walser-Bené and effective heat of formation model
journal, November 1996
- Theron, C. C.; Ndwandwe, O. M.; Lombaard, J. C.
- Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 2-3
Metallurgy of continuous hot dip aluminizing
journal, January 1994
- Richards, R. W.; Jones, R. D.; Clements, P. D.
- International Materials Reviews, Vol. 39, Issue 5
Aluminum and aluminum/silicon coatings on ferritic steels by CVD-FBR technology
journal, May 2006
- Pérez, F. J.; Hierro, M. P.; Trilleros, J. A.
- Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 97, Issue 1
Control of intermetallic compound layers at interface between steel and aluminum by diffusion-treatment
journal, December 2002
- Kobayashi, Shigeaki; Yakou, Takao
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 338, Issue 1-2
Dissimilar metals TIG welding-brazing of aluminum alloy to galvanized steel
journal, March 2009
- Lin, San-bao; Song, Jian-ling; Ma, Guang-chao
- Frontiers of Materials Science in China, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Characterization of intermetallic compound at the interfaces of Al-steel resistance spot welds
journal, April 2017
- Wan, Zixuan; Wang, Hui-Ping; Chen, Nannan
- Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 242
A framework for shear driven dissolution of thermally stable particles during friction stir welding and processing
journal, December 2016
- Palanivel, S.; Arora, A.; Doherty, K. J.
- Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 678
Microstructural refinement and property enhancement of cast light alloys via friction stir processing
journal, March 2008
- Ma, Z. Y.; Pilchak, A. L.; Juhas, M. C.
- Scripta Materialia, Vol. 58, Issue 5
Works referencing / citing this record:
Mechanism of intermetallic compound formation during the dissimilar friction stir welding of aluminum and steel
journal, October 2019
- Tanaka, Tsutomu; Nezu, Masayuki; Uchida, Sohei
- Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 55, Issue 7
A prediction of Fe-Al IMC layer thickness in TIG-assisted hybrid friction stir welded Al/steel dissimilar joints by numerical analysis
journal, November 2019
- Bang, Hee-Seon; Hong, Seong Min; Das, Atanu
- The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 106, Issue 1-2