Multiple generations of grain aggregation in different environments preceded solar system body formation

doi:10.1073/pnas.1720167115

Title: Multiple generations of grain aggregation in different environments preceded solar system body formation

Full Record
Other Related Research

Abstract

The solar system formed from interstellar dust and gas in a molecular cloud. Astronomical observations show that typical interstellar dust consists of amorphous (a-) silicate and organic carbon. Bona fide physical samples for laboratory studies would yield unprecedented insight about solar system formation, but they were largely destroyed. The most likely repositories of surviving presolar dust are the least altered extraterrestrial materials, interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) with probable cometary origins. Cometary IDPs contain abundant submicron a-silicate grains called GEMS (glass with embedded metal and sulfides), believed to be carbon-free. Some have detectable isotopically anomalous a-silicate components from other stars, proving they are preserved dust inherited from the interstellar medium. However, it is debated whether the majority of GEMS predate the solar system or formed in the solar nebula by condensation of high-temperature (>1,300 K) gas. Here, we map IDP compositions with single nanometer-scale resolution and find that GEMS contain organic carbon. Mapping reveals two generations of grain aggregation, the key process in growth from dust grains to planetesimals, mediated by carbon. GEMS grains, some with a-silicate subgrains mantled by organic carbon, comprise the earliest generation of aggregates. These aggregates (and other grains) are encapsulated in lower-density organic carbon matrix, indicatingmore »« less

Authors:

^[1]; Bradley, John P. ^[1]; Bechtel, Hans A. ^[2]; Brownlee, Donald E. ^[3]; Bustillo, Karen C. ^[4]; Ciston, James ^[4]; Cuzzi, Jeffrey N. ^[5]; Floss, Christine ^[6]; Joswiak, David J. ^[3]

Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI (United States). Hawaii Inst. of Geophysics and Planetology
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry
NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA (United States)
Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States). Lab. for Space Sciences

Publication Date:: 2018-06-11

Research Org.:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Scientific User Facilities Division; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1506319

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; NNX14AH86G; NNX16AK41G; NNX14AI39G; NNX14AG25G

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 115; Journal Issue: 26; Journal ID: ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; dust accretion; solar system origin; interstellar dust; cosmic dust

Citation Formats


                    Ishii, Hope A., Bradley, John P., Bechtel, Hans A., Brownlee, Donald E., Bustillo, Karen C., Ciston, James, Cuzzi, Jeffrey N., Floss, Christine, and Joswiak, David J. Multiple generations of grain aggregation in different environments preceded solar system body formation.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
        Web.  doi:10.1073/pnas.1720167115.

Copy to clipboard


                    Ishii, Hope A., Bradley, John P., Bechtel, Hans A., Brownlee, Donald E., Bustillo, Karen C., Ciston, James, Cuzzi, Jeffrey N., Floss, Christine, & Joswiak, David J. Multiple generations of grain aggregation in different environments preceded solar system body formation.  United States.  doi:10.1073/pnas.1720167115.

Copy to clipboard


                    Ishii, Hope A., Bradley, John P., Bechtel, Hans A., Brownlee, Donald E., Bustillo, Karen C., Ciston, James, Cuzzi, Jeffrey N., Floss, Christine, and Joswiak, David J. Mon .  
        "Multiple generations of grain aggregation in different environments preceded solar system body formation".  United States.  doi:10.1073/pnas.1720167115.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1506319.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1506319,

  title        = {Multiple generations of grain aggregation in different environments preceded solar system body formation},

  author       = {Ishii, Hope A. and Bradley, John P. and Bechtel, Hans A. and Brownlee, Donald E. and Bustillo, Karen C. and Ciston, James and Cuzzi, Jeffrey N. and Floss, Christine and Joswiak, David J.},

  abstractNote = {The solar system formed from interstellar dust and gas in a molecular cloud. Astronomical observations show that typical interstellar dust consists of amorphous (a-) silicate and organic carbon. Bona fide physical samples for laboratory studies would yield unprecedented insight about solar system formation, but they were largely destroyed. The most likely repositories of surviving presolar dust are the least altered extraterrestrial materials, interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) with probable cometary origins. Cometary IDPs contain abundant submicron a-silicate grains called GEMS (glass with embedded metal and sulfides), believed to be carbon-free. Some have detectable isotopically anomalous a-silicate components from other stars, proving they are preserved dust inherited from the interstellar medium. However, it is debated whether the majority of GEMS predate the solar system or formed in the solar nebula by condensation of high-temperature (>1,300 K) gas. Here, we map IDP compositions with single nanometer-scale resolution and find that GEMS contain organic carbon. Mapping reveals two generations of grain aggregation, the key process in growth from dust grains to planetesimals, mediated by carbon. GEMS grains, some with a-silicate subgrains mantled by organic carbon, comprise the earliest generation of aggregates. These aggregates (and other grains) are encapsulated in lower-density organic carbon matrix, indicating a second generation of aggregation. Since this organic carbon thermally decomposes above ~450 K, GEMS cannot have accreted in the hot solar nebula, and formed, instead, in the cold presolar molecular cloud and/or outer protoplanetary disk. We suggest that GEMS are consistent with surviving interstellar dust, condensed in situ, and cycled through multiple molecular clouds.},

  doi          = {10.1073/pnas.1720167115},

  journal      = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},

  number       = 26,

  volume       = 115,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {6}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720167115

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 7 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

3D cloud detection and tracking system for solar forecast using multiple sky imagers

Journal Article Peng, Zhenzhou ; Yu, Dantong ; Huang, Dong ; ... - Solar Energy

We propose a system for forecasting short-term solar irradiance based on multiple total sky imagers (TSIs). The system utilizes a novel method of identifying and tracking clouds in three-dimensional space and an innovative pipeline for forecasting surface solar irradiance based on the image features of clouds. First, we develop a supervised classifier to detect clouds at the pixel level and output cloud mask. In the next step, we design intelligent algorithms to estimate the block-wise base height and motion of each cloud layer based on images from multiple TSIs. Thus, this information is then applied to stitch images together intomore »« less
Cited by 16
DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2015.05.037

Full Text Available
Impact of different environmental conditions on the aggregation of biogenic U(IV) nanoparticles synthesized by Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20

Journal Article Şengör, S. Sevinç ; Singh, Gursharan ; Dohnalkova, Alice ; ... - Biometals

This study investigates the impact of specific environmental conditions on the formation of colloidal U(IV) nanoparticles by the sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB, Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20). The reduction of soluble U(VI) to less soluble U(IV) was quantitatively investigated under growth and non-growth conditions in bicarbonate or 1,4-piperazinediethanesulfonic acid (PIPES) buffered environments. Here, the results showed that under non-growth conditions, the majority of the reduced U nanoparticles aggregated and precipitated out of solution. High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that only a very small fraction of cells had reduced U precipitates in the periplasmic spaces in the presence of PIPES buffer, whereasmore »« less
DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9969-6

Full Text Available
Multi-Timescale Three-Phase Unbalanced Distribution System Operation With Variable Renewable Generations

Journal Article Gu, Yi ; Jiang, Huaiguang ; Zhang, Jun Jason ; ... - IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

This paper proposes a multi-timescale operational approach for a three-phase unbalanced distribution system, which contains hourly scheduling at substation level and minutes power flow operation at feeder level. In the substation scheduling model, the objective is to minimize the system cost with variable renewable generations. The given error distribution model of renewable generation is formulated as a chance constraint, and derived into a deterministic form by Gaussian mixture model (GMM) with genetic algorithm-based expectation-maximization (GAEM). In the feeder scheduling model, the system cost is further reduced with the optimal power flow (OPF) at a timescale of minutes. Considering the nonconvexitymore »« less
DOI: 10.1109/TSG.2018.2861736

Full Text Available
Evidence from stable isotopes and ¹⁰Be for solar system formation triggered by a low-mass supernova

Journal Article Banerjee, Projjwal ; Qian, Yong -Zhong ; Heger, Alexander ; ... - Nature Communications

About 4.6 billion years ago, some event disturbed a cloud of gas and dust, triggering the gravitational collapse that led to the formation of the solar system. A core-collapse supernova, whose shock wave is capable of compressing such a cloud, is an obvious candidate for the initiating event. This hypothesis can be tested because supernovae also produce telltale patterns of short-lived radionuclides, which would be preserved today as isotopic anomalies. Previous studies of the forensic evidence have been inconclusive, finding a pattern of isotopes differing from that produced in conventional supernova models. Here we argue that these difficulties either domore »« less
Cited by 8
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13639

Full Text Available
Early-stage human islet amyloid polypeptide aggregation: Mechanisms behind dimer formation

Journal Article Guo, Ashley Z. ; Fluitt, Aaron M. ; de Pablo, Juan J. - Journal of Chemical Physics

Amyloid aggregates of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP or human amylin) have long been implicated in the development of type II diabetes. While hIAPP is known to aggregate into amyloid fibrils, it is the early-stage prefibrillar species that have been proposed to be cytotoxic. A detailed picture of the early-stage aggregation process and relevant intermediates would be valuable in the development of effective therapeutics. Here, we use atomistic molecular dynamics simulations with a combination of enhanced sampling methods to examine the formation of the hIAPP dimer in water. Bias-exchange metadynamics calculations reveal relative conformational stabilities of the hIAPP dimer. Finitemore »« less
Cited by 3
DOI: 10.1063/1.5033458

Full Text Available

Similar Records