Multi-scale computational analysis of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under various loading conditions

Sun, Qingping; Meng, Zhaoxu; Zhou, Guowei; Lin, Shih-Po; Kang, Hongtae; Keten, Sinan; Guo, Haiding; Su, Xuming

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.05.025

Title: Multi-scale computational analysis of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under various loading conditions

Abstract

In this study, a multi-scale computational analysis based on representative volume element (RVE) modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations is developed to investigate the microscopic failure mechanisms of unidirectional (UD) carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. The average properties of the 200-nm thickness interphase region between fiber and matrix are characterized through MD simulations and an analytical gradient model. The results demonstrate that the interphase region has higher Young’s modulus and strength, compared to the bulk matrix. This stiffened interphase region influences the composite response significantly. Specifically, the traditional two-phase model with zero-thickness interface fails to capture the stress-strain behavior compared to the experimental data. However, by adding the interphase region to a modified RVE model, the accuracy of simulation results will be improved significantly. Furthermore, a coupled experimental-computational micromechanics approach is adopted to calibrate and validate the cohesive parameters of the interface. By including the cohesive interface, our modified RVE model accurately captures the failure strength of the composites. Finally, different failure mechanisms for specimens are investigated using our multi-scale computational framework. In conclusion, the results show that the failure modes of UD CFRP composites are very complex and multiple failure mechanisms co-exist depending on the loading conditions, agreeingmore » well with our experimental analyses.« less

Authors:

Sun, Qingping ^[1];

^[2]; Zhou, Guowei ^[3]; Lin, Shih-Po ^[4]; Kang, Hongtae ^[5]; Keten, Sinan ^[2]; Guo, Haiding ^[1]; Su, Xuming ^[4]

Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (China)
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States); Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI (United States)
Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Dearborn, MI (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu May 03 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Ford Motor Company, Detroit, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1504737

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1582980

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0006867

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Composite Structures

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 196; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0263-8223

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING; Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites; Multi-scale analysis; Representative volume element; Interphase; Molecular dynamics; Failure mechanism

Citation Formats


                    Sun, Qingping, Meng, Zhaoxu, Zhou, Guowei, Lin, Shih-Po, Kang, Hongtae, Keten, Sinan, Guo, Haiding, and Su, Xuming. Multi-scale computational analysis of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under various loading conditions.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.05.025.

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                    Sun, Qingping, Meng, Zhaoxu, Zhou, Guowei, Lin, Shih-Po, Kang, Hongtae, Keten, Sinan, Guo, Haiding, & Su, Xuming. Multi-scale computational analysis of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under various loading conditions.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.05.025

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                    Sun, Qingping, Meng, Zhaoxu, Zhou, Guowei, Lin, Shih-Po, Kang, Hongtae, Keten, Sinan, Guo, Haiding, and Su, Xuming. Thu .  
"Multi-scale computational analysis of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under various loading conditions".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.05.025.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1504737.

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@article{osti_1504737,

  title        = {Multi-scale computational analysis of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under various loading conditions},

  author       = {Sun, Qingping and Meng, Zhaoxu and Zhou, Guowei and Lin, Shih-Po and Kang, Hongtae and Keten, Sinan and Guo, Haiding and Su, Xuming},

  abstractNote = {In this study, a multi-scale computational analysis based on representative volume element (RVE) modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations is developed to investigate the microscopic failure mechanisms of unidirectional (UD) carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. The average properties of the 200-nm thickness interphase region between fiber and matrix are characterized through MD simulations and an analytical gradient model. The results demonstrate that the interphase region has higher Young’s modulus and strength, compared to the bulk matrix. This stiffened interphase region influences the composite response significantly. Specifically, the traditional two-phase model with zero-thickness interface fails to capture the stress-strain behavior compared to the experimental data. However, by adding the interphase region to a modified RVE model, the accuracy of simulation results will be improved significantly. Furthermore, a coupled experimental-computational micromechanics approach is adopted to calibrate and validate the cohesive parameters of the interface. By including the cohesive interface, our modified RVE model accurately captures the failure strength of the composites. Finally, different failure mechanisms for specimens are investigated using our multi-scale computational framework. In conclusion, the results show that the failure modes of UD CFRP composites are very complex and multiple failure mechanisms co-exist depending on the loading conditions, agreeing well with our experimental analyses.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.05.025},

  journal      = {Composite Structures},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 196,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu May 03 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Thu May 03 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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Title: Multi-scale computational analysis of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under various loading conditions

Abstract

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Micromechanical analysis of polymer composites reinforced by unidirectional fibres: Part I – Constitutive modelling journal, June 2013

Failure behavior of an epoxy matrix under different kinds of static loading journal, August 2001

A Multiscale Model for the Quasi-Static Thermo-Plastic Behavior of Highly Cross-Linked Glassy Polymers journal, September 2015

Crack band theory for fracture of concrete journal, May 1983

Effects of environmental degradation on near-fiber nanomechanical properties of carbon fiber epoxy composites journal, May 2009

Nano-analysis on the structure and chemical composition of the interphase region in carbon fiber composite journal, January 2014

Understanding the Interfacial Mechanical Response of Nanoscale Polymer Thin Films via Nanoindentation journal, May 2016

Interfacial and Substrate Effects on Local Elastic Properties of Polymers Using Coupled Experiments and Modeling of Nanoindentation journal, February 2011

Micromechanics of stress transfer through the interphase in fiber-reinforced composites journal, October 2015

Load carrying characteristics of short fiber composites containing a heterogeneous interphase region journal, January 2001

Multiscale Simulation Study on the Curing Reaction and the Network Structure in a Typical Epoxy System journal, November 2011

The glass transition in cured epoxy thermosets: A comparative molecular dynamics study in coarse-grained and atomistic resolution journal, December 2015

Determination of interface properties from experiments on the fragmentation process in single-fiber composites journal, May 2008

Predicting the Macroscopic Fracture Energy of Epoxy Resins from Atomistic Molecular Simulations journal, December 2016

Polymatic: a generalized simulated polymerization algorithm for amorphous polymers journal, January 2013

Fast Parallel Algorithms for Short-Range Molecular Dynamics journal, March 1995

A Coarse-Grained Model for Epoxy Molding Compound journal, January 2014

Molecular dynamics predictions of thermal and mechanical properties of thermoset polymer EPON862/DETDA journal, June 2011

Designing multi-layer graphene-based assemblies for enhanced toughness in nacre-inspired nanocomposites journal, January 2016

Mixed-mode delamination fracture toughness of unidirectional glass/epoxy composites under fatigue loading journal, January 1997

The 10 ° off-axis tensile test: A critical approach journal, January 1996

Micro-mechanical analysis of the effect of ply thickness on the transverse compressive strength of polymer composites journal, December 2015

Micro-mechanical analysis of the in situ effect in polymer composite laminates journal, September 2014

Failure Criteria for FRP Laminates in Plane Stress conference, June 2012

Numerical simulation for strain rate and temperature dependence of transverse tensile failure of unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced plastics journal, May 2019

Multiscale Finite Element Analysis of Linear Magnetic Actuators Using Asymptotic Homogenization Method journal, January 2019

The Effect of Temperature and Strain Rate on the Interfacial Behavior of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites: A Molecular Dynamics Study journal, October 2019

Structural composites for multifunctional applications: Current challenges and future trends
journal, August 2017

Micromechanical modelling of the transverse damage behaviour in fibre reinforced composites
journal, February 2011

Computational micromechanics evaluation of the effect of fibre shape on the transverse strength of unidirectional composites: An approach to virtual materials design
journal, December 2016

Effect of fibre shape and interphase on the anisotropic viscoelastic response of fibre composites
journal, February 2017

A micromechanical study on the effect of intra-ply properties on transverse shear fracture in fibre reinforced composites
journal, September 2011

Effect of fiber, matrix and interface properties on the in-plane shear deformation of carbon-fiber reinforced composites
journal, June 2010

A numerical micro-mechanical study of the influence of fiber–matrix interphase failure on carbon/epoxy material properties
journal, January 2017

A micromechanical study of porous composites under longitudinal shear and transverse normal loading
journal, July 2015

A numerical study of the influence of microvoids in the transverse mechanical response of unidirectional composites
journal, June 2014

Computational micromechanics of the transverse and shear behavior of unidirectional fiber reinforced polymers including environmental effects
journal, January 2017

Computational micromechanics of fiber kinking in unidirectional FRP under different environmental conditions
journal, May 2017

High-fidelity micro-scale modeling of the thermo-visco-plastic behavior of carbon fiber polymer matrix composites
journal, December 2015

Micromechanical analysis of polymer composites reinforced by unidirectional fibres: Part II – Micromechanical analyses
journal, June 2013

Microscopic failure mechanisms of fiber-reinforced polymer composites under transverse tension and compression
journal, October 2012

Failure locus of fiber-reinforced composites under transverse compression and out-of-plane shear
journal, March 2008

Failure surface of epoxy-modified fiber-reinforced composites under transverse tension and out-of-plane shear
journal, June 2009

Prediction of the failure locus of C/PEEK composites under transverse compression and longitudinal shear through computational micromechanics
journal, December 2008

Failure analysis of FRP laminates by means of physically based phenomenological models
journal, September 2002

Failure Criteria for FRP Laminates
journal, February 2005

Three-dimensional failure criteria for fiber-reinforced laminates
journal, January 2013

Multiscale Modeling of Composite Materials: a Roadmap Towards Virtual Testing
journal, October 2011

Modeling the molecular structure of the carbon fiber/polymer interphase for multiscale analysis of composites
journal, February 2017

Evaluation of influence of interphase material parameters on effective material properties of three phase composites
journal, March 2008

Interphase Effect on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
journal, January 2010

Simulation of crack propagation/deflection in ceramic matrix continuous fiber reinforced composites with weak interphase via the extended finite element method
journal, February 2016

Vibration-based identification of interphase properties in long fiber reinforced composites
journal, August 2017

Multiscale modeling of interphase in crosslinked epoxy nanocomposites
journal, July 2017

Mechanical behavior of unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymers under transverse compression: Microscopic mechanisms and modeling
journal, October 2007

Generation of random distribution of fibres in long-fibre reinforced composites
journal, July 2008

Determination of the size of the representative volume element for random composites: statistical and numerical approach
journal, June 2003

Micromechanical analysis of polymer composites reinforced by unidirectional fibres: Part I – Constitutive modelling
journal, June 2013

Failure behavior of an epoxy matrix under different kinds of static loading
journal, August 2001

A Multiscale Model for the Quasi-Static Thermo-Plastic Behavior of Highly Cross-Linked Glassy Polymers
journal, September 2015

Crack band theory for fracture of concrete
journal, May 1983

Effects of environmental degradation on near-fiber nanomechanical properties of carbon fiber epoxy composites
journal, May 2009

Nano-analysis on the structure and chemical composition of the interphase region in carbon fiber composite
journal, January 2014

Understanding the Interfacial Mechanical Response of Nanoscale Polymer Thin Films via Nanoindentation
journal, May 2016

Interfacial and Substrate Effects on Local Elastic Properties of Polymers Using Coupled Experiments and Modeling of Nanoindentation
journal, February 2011

Micromechanics of stress transfer through the interphase in fiber-reinforced composites
journal, October 2015

Load carrying characteristics of short fiber composites containing a heterogeneous interphase region
journal, January 2001

Multiscale Simulation Study on the Curing Reaction and the Network Structure in a Typical Epoxy System
journal, November 2011

The glass transition in cured epoxy thermosets: A comparative molecular dynamics study in coarse-grained and atomistic resolution
journal, December 2015

Determination of interface properties from experiments on the fragmentation process in single-fiber composites
journal, May 2008

Predicting the Macroscopic Fracture Energy of Epoxy Resins from Atomistic Molecular Simulations
journal, December 2016

Polymatic: a generalized simulated polymerization algorithm for amorphous polymers
journal, January 2013

Fast Parallel Algorithms for Short-Range Molecular Dynamics
journal, March 1995

A Coarse-Grained Model for Epoxy Molding Compound
journal, January 2014

Molecular dynamics predictions of thermal and mechanical properties of thermoset polymer EPON862/DETDA
journal, June 2011

Designing multi-layer graphene-based assemblies for enhanced toughness in nacre-inspired nanocomposites
journal, January 2016

Mixed-mode delamination fracture toughness of unidirectional glass/epoxy composites under fatigue loading
journal, January 1997

The 10 ° off-axis tensile test: A critical approach
journal, January 1996

Micro-mechanical analysis of the effect of ply thickness on the transverse compressive strength of polymer composites
journal, December 2015

Micro-mechanical analysis of the in situ effect in polymer composite laminates
journal, September 2014

Failure Criteria for FRP Laminates in Plane Stress
conference, June 2012

Numerical simulation for strain rate and temperature dependence of transverse tensile failure of unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced plastics
journal, May 2019

Multiscale Finite Element Analysis of Linear Magnetic Actuators Using Asymptotic Homogenization Method
journal, January 2019

The Effect of Temperature and Strain Rate on the Interfacial Behavior of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites: A Molecular Dynamics Study
journal, October 2019