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Title: Searching for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider

Abstract

Particles beyond the Standard Model (SM) can generically have lifetimes that are long compared to SM particles at the weak scale. When produced at experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, these long-lived particles (LLPs) can decay far from the interaction vertex of the primary proton-proton collision. Such LLP signatures are distinct from those of promptly decaying particles that are targeted by the majority of searches for new physics at the LHC, often requiring customized techniques to identify, for example, significantly displaced decay vertices, tracks with atypical properties, and short track segments. Given their non-standard nature, a comprehensive overview of LLP signatures at the LHC is beneficial to ensure that possible avenues of the discovery of new physics are not overlooked. Here we report on the joint work of a community of theorists and experimentalists with the ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb experiments-as well as those working on dedicated experiments such as MoEDAL, milliQan, MATHUSLA, CODEX-b, and FASER-to survey the current state of LLP searches at the LHC, and to chart a path for the development of LLP searches into the future, both in the upcoming Run 3 and at the high-luminosity LHC. The work is organized aroundmore » the current and future potential capabilities of LHC experiments to generally discover new LLPs, and takes a signature-based approach to surveying classes of models that give rise to LLPs rather than emphasizing any particular theory motivation. We develop a set of simplified models; assess the coverage of current searches; document known, often unexpected backgrounds; explore the capabilities of proposed detector upgrades; provide recommendations for the presentation of search results; and look towards the newest frontiers, namely high-multiplicity 'dark showers', highlighting opportunities for expanding the LHC reach for these signals.« less

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
OSTI Identifier:
1658638
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1502824; OSTI ID: 1660702; OSTI ID: 1775414; OSTI ID: 1782603; OSTI ID: 1782848
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-19-110-CD-PPD; arXiv:1903.04497
Journal ID: ISSN 0954-3899
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515; SC0011784; SC0011925; SC0013607; SC0015973; AC02-07CH11359; SC0008541; SC0009988; SC0010008; SC0017840; SC0011095; 376204; J1-8137; P1-0035; W17065; PP00P2_150583; ST/L000520/1; FPA2015-65652-C4-1-R; 724777; 674896; 1161463; MOST-107-2811-M-002-3120; MOST-106-2811-M-002-035; 02.a03.21.0005; 27.08.2013; 2014/15/B/ST2/03998; PHY-1620074; PHY-1820770; PHY-1620638; CA15108; CA16201; PHY-1554858; 3190051; PHY-1620727; PHY-1720252; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-06CH11357; SC0011726
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics Journal Volume: 47 Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0954-3899
Publisher:
IOP Publishing
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Subject:
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; beyond the Standard Model; long-lived particles; Large Hadron Collider; high-luminosity LHC; collider phenomenology; high-energy collider experiments

Citation Formats

Alimena, Juliette, Beacham, James, Borsato, Martino, Cheng, Yangyang, Vidal, Xabier Cid, Cottin, Giovanna, Curtin, David, De Roeck, Albert, Desai, Nishita, Evans, Jared A., Knapen, Simon, Kraml, Sabine, Lessa, Andre, Liu, Zhen, Mehlhase, Sascha, Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J., Russell, Heather, Shelton, Jessie, Shuve, Brian, Verducci, Monica, Zurita, Jose, Contributors & Endorsers:, Adams, Todd, Adersberger, Michael, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Apresyan, Artur, Bainbridge, Robert John, Batozskaya, Varvara, Beauchesne, Hugues, Benato, Lisa, Berlendis, S., Bhal, Eshwen, Blekman, Freya, Borovilou, Christina, Boyd, Jamie, Brau, Benjamin P., Bryngemark, Lene, Buchmueller, Oliver, Buschmann, Malte, Buttinger, William, Campanelli, Mario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chen, Chunhui, Cheng, Hsin-Chia, Cheong, Sanha, Citron, Matthew, Coccaro, Andrea, Coco, V., Conte, Eric, Cormier, Félix, Corpe, Louie D., Craig, Nathaniel, Cui, Yanou, Dall’Occo, Elena, Dallapiccola, C., Darwish, M. R., Davoli, Alessandro, Cosa, Annapaola de, Simone, Andrea De, Rose, Luigi Delle, Deppisch, Frank F., Dey, Biplab, Diamond, Miriam D., Dienes, Keith R., Dildick, Sven, Döbrich, Babette, Drewes, Marco, Eich, Melanie, ElSawy, M., Valle, Alberto Escalante del, Facini, Gabriel, Farina, Marco, Feng, Jonathan L., Fischer, Oliver, Flaecher, H. U., Foldenauer, Patrick, Freytsis, Marat, Fuks, Benjamin, Galon, Iftah, Gershtein, Yuri, Giagu, Stefano, Giammanco, Andrea, Gligorov, Vladimir V., Golling, Tobias, Grancagnolo, Sergio, Gustavino, Giuliano, Haas, Andrew, Hahn, Kristian, Hajer, Jan, Hammad, Ahmed, Heinrich, Lukas, Heisig, Jan, Helo, J. C., Hesketh, Gavin, Hill, Christopher S., Hirsch, Martin, Hohlmann, M., Holmes, Tova, Hulsbergen, W., Huth, John, Ilten, Philip, Jacques, Thomas, Jayatilaka, Bodhitha, Jeng, Geng-Yuan, Johns, K. A., Kaji, Toshiaki, Kasieczka, Gregor, Kats, Yevgeny, Kazana, Malgorzata, Keller, Henning, Khlopov, Maxim Yu, Kling, Felix, Kolberg, Ted R., Kostiuk, Igor, Kuwertz, Emma Sian, Kvam, Audrey, Landsberg, Greg, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Lara, Iñaki, Ledovskoy, Alexander, Linthorne, Dylan, Liu, Jia, Longarini, Iacopo, Lowette, Steven, Lubatti, Henry, Lutz, Margaret, Luo, Jingyu, Mamuz̆ić, Judita, Marinangeli, Matthieu, Mariotti, Alberto, Marlow, Daniel, McCullough, Matthew, McDermott, Kevin, Mermod, P., Milstead, David, Mishra-Sharma, Siddharth, Mitsou, Vasiliki A., Berlingen, Javier Montejo, Moortgat, Filip, Morandini, Alessandro, Morris, Alice Polyxeni, Morse, David Michael, Mrenna, Stephen, Nachman, Benjamin, Nemevs̆ek, Miha, Nesti, Fabrizio, Ohm, Christian, Pascoli, Silvia, Pedro, Kevin, Peña, Cristián, Rodriguez, Karla Josefina Pena, Piedra, Jónatan, Pinfold, James L., Policicchio, Antonio, Popara, Goran, Prisciandaro, Jessica, Proffitt, Mason, Rauco, Giorgia, Redi, Federico, Reece, Matthew, Hall, Allison Reinsvold, Sfar, H. Rejeb, Renner, Sophie, Robinson, Dean, Roepe, Amber, Ronzani, Manfredi, Salvioni, Ennio, Santra, Arka, Sawada, Ryu, Scholtz, Jakub, Schuster, Philip, Schwaller, Pedro, Sebastiani, Cristiano, Sekmen, Sezen, Selvaggi, Michele, Si, Weinan, Soffi, Livia, Stolarski, Daniel, Stuart, David, III, John Stupak, Sung, Kevin, Taylor, Wendy, Templ, Sebastian, Thomas, Brooks, Torró-Pastor, Emma, Trocino, Daniele, Trojanowski, Sebastian, Trovato, Marco, Tsai, Yuhsin, Tully, C. G., Vámi, Tamás Álmos, Vasquez, Juan Carlos, Sierra, Carlos Vázquez, Vellidis, K., Vermassen, Basile, Vit, Martina, Walker, Devin G. E., Wang, Xiao-Ping, Watts, Gordon, Xie, Si, Yexley, Melissa, Young, Charles, Yu, Jiang-Hao, Zalewski, Piotr, and Zhang, Yongchao. Searching for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider. United Kingdom: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1088/1361-6471/ab4574.
Alimena, Juliette, Beacham, James, Borsato, Martino, Cheng, Yangyang, Vidal, Xabier Cid, Cottin, Giovanna, Curtin, David, De Roeck, Albert, Desai, Nishita, Evans, Jared A., Knapen, Simon, Kraml, Sabine, Lessa, Andre, Liu, Zhen, Mehlhase, Sascha, Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J., Russell, Heather, Shelton, Jessie, Shuve, Brian, Verducci, Monica, Zurita, Jose, Contributors & Endorsers:, Adams, Todd, Adersberger, Michael, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Apresyan, Artur, Bainbridge, Robert John, Batozskaya, Varvara, Beauchesne, Hugues, Benato, Lisa, Berlendis, S., Bhal, Eshwen, Blekman, Freya, Borovilou, Christina, Boyd, Jamie, Brau, Benjamin P., Bryngemark, Lene, Buchmueller, Oliver, Buschmann, Malte, Buttinger, William, Campanelli, Mario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chen, Chunhui, Cheng, Hsin-Chia, Cheong, Sanha, Citron, Matthew, Coccaro, Andrea, Coco, V., Conte, Eric, Cormier, Félix, Corpe, Louie D., Craig, Nathaniel, Cui, Yanou, Dall’Occo, Elena, Dallapiccola, C., Darwish, M. R., Davoli, Alessandro, Cosa, Annapaola de, Simone, Andrea De, Rose, Luigi Delle, Deppisch, Frank F., Dey, Biplab, Diamond, Miriam D., Dienes, Keith R., Dildick, Sven, Döbrich, Babette, Drewes, Marco, Eich, Melanie, ElSawy, M., Valle, Alberto Escalante del, Facini, Gabriel, Farina, Marco, Feng, Jonathan L., Fischer, Oliver, Flaecher, H. U., Foldenauer, Patrick, Freytsis, Marat, Fuks, Benjamin, Galon, Iftah, Gershtein, Yuri, Giagu, Stefano, Giammanco, Andrea, Gligorov, Vladimir V., Golling, Tobias, Grancagnolo, Sergio, Gustavino, Giuliano, Haas, Andrew, Hahn, Kristian, Hajer, Jan, Hammad, Ahmed, Heinrich, Lukas, Heisig, Jan, Helo, J. C., Hesketh, Gavin, Hill, Christopher S., Hirsch, Martin, Hohlmann, M., Holmes, Tova, Hulsbergen, W., Huth, John, Ilten, Philip, Jacques, Thomas, Jayatilaka, Bodhitha, Jeng, Geng-Yuan, Johns, K. A., Kaji, Toshiaki, Kasieczka, Gregor, Kats, Yevgeny, Kazana, Malgorzata, Keller, Henning, Khlopov, Maxim Yu, Kling, Felix, Kolberg, Ted R., Kostiuk, Igor, Kuwertz, Emma Sian, Kvam, Audrey, Landsberg, Greg, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Lara, Iñaki, Ledovskoy, Alexander, Linthorne, Dylan, Liu, Jia, Longarini, Iacopo, Lowette, Steven, Lubatti, Henry, Lutz, Margaret, Luo, Jingyu, Mamuz̆ić, Judita, Marinangeli, Matthieu, Mariotti, Alberto, Marlow, Daniel, McCullough, Matthew, McDermott, Kevin, Mermod, P., Milstead, David, Mishra-Sharma, Siddharth, Mitsou, Vasiliki A., Berlingen, Javier Montejo, Moortgat, Filip, Morandini, Alessandro, Morris, Alice Polyxeni, Morse, David Michael, Mrenna, Stephen, Nachman, Benjamin, Nemevs̆ek, Miha, Nesti, Fabrizio, Ohm, Christian, Pascoli, Silvia, Pedro, Kevin, Peña, Cristián, Rodriguez, Karla Josefina Pena, Piedra, Jónatan, Pinfold, James L., Policicchio, Antonio, Popara, Goran, Prisciandaro, Jessica, Proffitt, Mason, Rauco, Giorgia, Redi, Federico, Reece, Matthew, Hall, Allison Reinsvold, Sfar, H. Rejeb, Renner, Sophie, Robinson, Dean, Roepe, Amber, Ronzani, Manfredi, Salvioni, Ennio, Santra, Arka, Sawada, Ryu, Scholtz, Jakub, Schuster, Philip, Schwaller, Pedro, Sebastiani, Cristiano, Sekmen, Sezen, Selvaggi, Michele, Si, Weinan, Soffi, Livia, Stolarski, Daniel, Stuart, David, III, John Stupak, Sung, Kevin, Taylor, Wendy, Templ, Sebastian, Thomas, Brooks, Torró-Pastor, Emma, Trocino, Daniele, Trojanowski, Sebastian, Trovato, Marco, Tsai, Yuhsin, Tully, C. G., Vámi, Tamás Álmos, Vasquez, Juan Carlos, Sierra, Carlos Vázquez, Vellidis, K., Vermassen, Basile, Vit, Martina, Walker, Devin G. E., Wang, Xiao-Ping, Watts, Gordon, Xie, Si, Yexley, Melissa, Young, Charles, Yu, Jiang-Hao, Zalewski, Piotr, & Zhang, Yongchao. Searching for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ab4574
Alimena, Juliette, Beacham, James, Borsato, Martino, Cheng, Yangyang, Vidal, Xabier Cid, Cottin, Giovanna, Curtin, David, De Roeck, Albert, Desai, Nishita, Evans, Jared A., Knapen, Simon, Kraml, Sabine, Lessa, Andre, Liu, Zhen, Mehlhase, Sascha, Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J., Russell, Heather, Shelton, Jessie, Shuve, Brian, Verducci, Monica, Zurita, Jose, Contributors & Endorsers:, Adams, Todd, Adersberger, Michael, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Apresyan, Artur, Bainbridge, Robert John, Batozskaya, Varvara, Beauchesne, Hugues, Benato, Lisa, Berlendis, S., Bhal, Eshwen, Blekman, Freya, Borovilou, Christina, Boyd, Jamie, Brau, Benjamin P., Bryngemark, Lene, Buchmueller, Oliver, Buschmann, Malte, Buttinger, William, Campanelli, Mario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chen, Chunhui, Cheng, Hsin-Chia, Cheong, Sanha, Citron, Matthew, Coccaro, Andrea, Coco, V., Conte, Eric, Cormier, Félix, Corpe, Louie D., Craig, Nathaniel, Cui, Yanou, Dall’Occo, Elena, Dallapiccola, C., Darwish, M. R., Davoli, Alessandro, Cosa, Annapaola de, Simone, Andrea De, Rose, Luigi Delle, Deppisch, Frank F., Dey, Biplab, Diamond, Miriam D., Dienes, Keith R., Dildick, Sven, Döbrich, Babette, Drewes, Marco, Eich, Melanie, ElSawy, M., Valle, Alberto Escalante del, Facini, Gabriel, Farina, Marco, Feng, Jonathan L., Fischer, Oliver, Flaecher, H. U., Foldenauer, Patrick, Freytsis, Marat, Fuks, Benjamin, Galon, Iftah, Gershtein, Yuri, Giagu, Stefano, Giammanco, Andrea, Gligorov, Vladimir V., Golling, Tobias, Grancagnolo, Sergio, Gustavino, Giuliano, Haas, Andrew, Hahn, Kristian, Hajer, Jan, Hammad, Ahmed, Heinrich, Lukas, Heisig, Jan, Helo, J. C., Hesketh, Gavin, Hill, Christopher S., Hirsch, Martin, Hohlmann, M., Holmes, Tova, Hulsbergen, W., Huth, John, Ilten, Philip, Jacques, Thomas, Jayatilaka, Bodhitha, Jeng, Geng-Yuan, Johns, K. A., Kaji, Toshiaki, Kasieczka, Gregor, Kats, Yevgeny, Kazana, Malgorzata, Keller, Henning, Khlopov, Maxim Yu, Kling, Felix, Kolberg, Ted R., Kostiuk, Igor, Kuwertz, Emma Sian, Kvam, Audrey, Landsberg, Greg, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Lara, Iñaki, Ledovskoy, Alexander, Linthorne, Dylan, Liu, Jia, Longarini, Iacopo, Lowette, Steven, Lubatti, Henry, Lutz, Margaret, Luo, Jingyu, Mamuz̆ić, Judita, Marinangeli, Matthieu, Mariotti, Alberto, Marlow, Daniel, McCullough, Matthew, McDermott, Kevin, Mermod, P., Milstead, David, Mishra-Sharma, Siddharth, Mitsou, Vasiliki A., Berlingen, Javier Montejo, Moortgat, Filip, Morandini, Alessandro, Morris, Alice Polyxeni, Morse, David Michael, Mrenna, Stephen, Nachman, Benjamin, Nemevs̆ek, Miha, Nesti, Fabrizio, Ohm, Christian, Pascoli, Silvia, Pedro, Kevin, Peña, Cristián, Rodriguez, Karla Josefina Pena, Piedra, Jónatan, Pinfold, James L., Policicchio, Antonio, Popara, Goran, Prisciandaro, Jessica, Proffitt, Mason, Rauco, Giorgia, Redi, Federico, Reece, Matthew, Hall, Allison Reinsvold, Sfar, H. Rejeb, Renner, Sophie, Robinson, Dean, Roepe, Amber, Ronzani, Manfredi, Salvioni, Ennio, Santra, Arka, Sawada, Ryu, Scholtz, Jakub, Schuster, Philip, Schwaller, Pedro, Sebastiani, Cristiano, Sekmen, Sezen, Selvaggi, Michele, Si, Weinan, Soffi, Livia, Stolarski, Daniel, Stuart, David, III, John Stupak, Sung, Kevin, Taylor, Wendy, Templ, Sebastian, Thomas, Brooks, Torró-Pastor, Emma, Trocino, Daniele, Trojanowski, Sebastian, Trovato, Marco, Tsai, Yuhsin, Tully, C. G., Vámi, Tamás Álmos, Vasquez, Juan Carlos, Sierra, Carlos Vázquez, Vellidis, K., Vermassen, Basile, Vit, Martina, Walker, Devin G. E., Wang, Xiao-Ping, Watts, Gordon, Xie, Si, Yexley, Melissa, Young, Charles, Yu, Jiang-Hao, Zalewski, Piotr, and Zhang, Yongchao. Wed . "Searching for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ab4574.
@article{osti_1658638,
title = {Searching for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider},
author = {Alimena, Juliette and Beacham, James and Borsato, Martino and Cheng, Yangyang and Vidal, Xabier Cid and Cottin, Giovanna and Curtin, David and De Roeck, Albert and Desai, Nishita and Evans, Jared A. and Knapen, Simon and Kraml, Sabine and Lessa, Andre and Liu, Zhen and Mehlhase, Sascha and Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J. and Russell, Heather and Shelton, Jessie and Shuve, Brian and Verducci, Monica and Zurita, Jose and Contributors & Endorsers: and Adams, Todd and Adersberger, Michael and Alpigiani, Cristiano and Apresyan, Artur and Bainbridge, Robert John and Batozskaya, Varvara and Beauchesne, Hugues and Benato, Lisa and Berlendis, S. and Bhal, Eshwen and Blekman, Freya and Borovilou, Christina and Boyd, Jamie and Brau, Benjamin P. and Bryngemark, Lene and Buchmueller, Oliver and Buschmann, Malte and Buttinger, William and Campanelli, Mario and Cesarotti, Cari and Chen, Chunhui and Cheng, Hsin-Chia and Cheong, Sanha and Citron, Matthew and Coccaro, Andrea and Coco, V. and Conte, Eric and Cormier, Félix and Corpe, Louie D. and Craig, Nathaniel and Cui, Yanou and Dall’Occo, Elena and Dallapiccola, C. and Darwish, M. R. and Davoli, Alessandro and Cosa, Annapaola de and Simone, Andrea De and Rose, Luigi Delle and Deppisch, Frank F. and Dey, Biplab and Diamond, Miriam D. and Dienes, Keith R. and Dildick, Sven and Döbrich, Babette and Drewes, Marco and Eich, Melanie and ElSawy, M. and Valle, Alberto Escalante del and Facini, Gabriel and Farina, Marco and Feng, Jonathan L. and Fischer, Oliver and Flaecher, H. U. and Foldenauer, Patrick and Freytsis, Marat and Fuks, Benjamin and Galon, Iftah and Gershtein, Yuri and Giagu, Stefano and Giammanco, Andrea and Gligorov, Vladimir V. and Golling, Tobias and Grancagnolo, Sergio and Gustavino, Giuliano and Haas, Andrew and Hahn, Kristian and Hajer, Jan and Hammad, Ahmed and Heinrich, Lukas and Heisig, Jan and Helo, J. C. and Hesketh, Gavin and Hill, Christopher S. and Hirsch, Martin and Hohlmann, M. and Holmes, Tova and Hulsbergen, W. and Huth, John and Ilten, Philip and Jacques, Thomas and Jayatilaka, Bodhitha and Jeng, Geng-Yuan and Johns, K. A. and Kaji, Toshiaki and Kasieczka, Gregor and Kats, Yevgeny and Kazana, Malgorzata and Keller, Henning and Khlopov, Maxim Yu and Kling, Felix and Kolberg, Ted R. and Kostiuk, Igor and Kuwertz, Emma Sian and Kvam, Audrey and Landsberg, Greg and Lanfranchi, Gaia and Lara, Iñaki and Ledovskoy, Alexander and Linthorne, Dylan and Liu, Jia and Longarini, Iacopo and Lowette, Steven and Lubatti, Henry and Lutz, Margaret and Luo, Jingyu and Mamuz̆ić, Judita and Marinangeli, Matthieu and Mariotti, Alberto and Marlow, Daniel and McCullough, Matthew and McDermott, Kevin and Mermod, P. and Milstead, David and Mishra-Sharma, Siddharth and Mitsou, Vasiliki A. and Berlingen, Javier Montejo and Moortgat, Filip and Morandini, Alessandro and Morris, Alice Polyxeni and Morse, David Michael and Mrenna, Stephen and Nachman, Benjamin and Nemevs̆ek, Miha and Nesti, Fabrizio and Ohm, Christian and Pascoli, Silvia and Pedro, Kevin and Peña, Cristián and Rodriguez, Karla Josefina Pena and Piedra, Jónatan and Pinfold, James L. and Policicchio, Antonio and Popara, Goran and Prisciandaro, Jessica and Proffitt, Mason and Rauco, Giorgia and Redi, Federico and Reece, Matthew and Hall, Allison Reinsvold and Sfar, H. Rejeb and Renner, Sophie and Robinson, Dean and Roepe, Amber and Ronzani, Manfredi and Salvioni, Ennio and Santra, Arka and Sawada, Ryu and Scholtz, Jakub and Schuster, Philip and Schwaller, Pedro and Sebastiani, Cristiano and Sekmen, Sezen and Selvaggi, Michele and Si, Weinan and Soffi, Livia and Stolarski, Daniel and Stuart, David and III, John Stupak and Sung, Kevin and Taylor, Wendy and Templ, Sebastian and Thomas, Brooks and Torró-Pastor, Emma and Trocino, Daniele and Trojanowski, Sebastian and Trovato, Marco and Tsai, Yuhsin and Tully, C. G. and Vámi, Tamás Álmos and Vasquez, Juan Carlos and Sierra, Carlos Vázquez and Vellidis, K. and Vermassen, Basile and Vit, Martina and Walker, Devin G. E. and Wang, Xiao-Ping and Watts, Gordon and Xie, Si and Yexley, Melissa and Young, Charles and Yu, Jiang-Hao and Zalewski, Piotr and Zhang, Yongchao},
abstractNote = {Particles beyond the Standard Model (SM) can generically have lifetimes that are long compared to SM particles at the weak scale. When produced at experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, these long-lived particles (LLPs) can decay far from the interaction vertex of the primary proton-proton collision. Such LLP signatures are distinct from those of promptly decaying particles that are targeted by the majority of searches for new physics at the LHC, often requiring customized techniques to identify, for example, significantly displaced decay vertices, tracks with atypical properties, and short track segments. Given their non-standard nature, a comprehensive overview of LLP signatures at the LHC is beneficial to ensure that possible avenues of the discovery of new physics are not overlooked. Here we report on the joint work of a community of theorists and experimentalists with the ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb experiments-as well as those working on dedicated experiments such as MoEDAL, milliQan, MATHUSLA, CODEX-b, and FASER-to survey the current state of LLP searches at the LHC, and to chart a path for the development of LLP searches into the future, both in the upcoming Run 3 and at the high-luminosity LHC. The work is organized around the current and future potential capabilities of LHC experiments to generally discover new LLPs, and takes a signature-based approach to surveying classes of models that give rise to LLPs rather than emphasizing any particular theory motivation. We develop a set of simplified models; assess the coverage of current searches; document known, often unexpected backgrounds; explore the capabilities of proposed detector upgrades; provide recommendations for the presentation of search results; and look towards the newest frontiers, namely high-multiplicity 'dark showers', highlighting opportunities for expanding the LHC reach for these signals.},
doi = {10.1088/1361-6471/ab4574},
journal = {Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physics},
number = 9,
volume = 47,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {Wed Sep 02 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Wed Sep 02 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}

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Search for Majorana Neutrinos in B π + μ μ Decays
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Dynamical R -Parity Violation
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Probing the seesaw mechanism at CERN LHC
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A simple shower and matching algorithm
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Further limits on heavy neutrino couplings
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Search for Low Mass Vector Resonances Decaying to Quark-Antiquark Pairs in Proton-Proton Collisions at s = 13 TeV
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Monopole Pair Creation in Energetic Collisions: Is It Possible?
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LHC Dark Matter Working Group: Next-generation spin-0 dark matter models
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ColliderBit: a GAMBIT module for the calculation of high-energy collider observables and likelihoods
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VINCIA for hadron colliders
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Dark Matter Freeze-in Production in Fast-Expanding Universes
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Limits on a light Higgs boson
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Pseudo-Dirac Dark Matter Leaves a Trace
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Direct Search for Dirac Magnetic Monopoles in p p ¯ Collisions at s = 1.96 TeV
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UFO – The Universal FeynRules Output
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The MoEDAL experiment at the LHC
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Jets and Photons
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SModelS: a tool for interpreting simplified-model results from the LHC and its application to supersymmetry
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On the phase structure of vector-like gauge theories with massless fermions
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Detecting hidden particles with MATHUSLA
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An updated description of heavy-hadron interactions in Geant-4
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Search for Magnetic Monopoles with the MoEDAL Forward Trapping Detector in 13 TeV Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC
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Fastlim: a fast LHC limit calculator
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Displaced vertices as probes of sterile neutrino mixing at the LHC
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Rare Z boson decays to a hidden sector
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Searching for Higgs Decays to as Many as 8 Leptons
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Searching for the Minimal Seesaw Models at the LHC and Beyond
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A quirky probe of neutral naturalness
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Limit on the production of a light vector gauge boson in ϕ meson decays with the KLOE detector
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Phenomenology of hidden valleys at hadron colliders
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The νMSM, dark matter and baryon asymmetry of the universe
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A facility to search for hidden particles at the CERN SPS: the SHiP physics case
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Dynamical Dark Matter, MATHUSLA, and the lifetime frontier
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Limits on the left-right symmetry scale and heavy neutrinos from early LHC data
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Search for Light Gauge Bosons of the Dark Sector at the Mainz Microtron
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The upgrade of the LHCb trigger system
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Introduction to magnetic monopoles
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New exclusion limits on dark gauge forces from proton Bremsstrahlung in beam-dump data
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Searching for long-lived particles: A compact detector for exotics at LHCb
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Jets from Quantum Chromodynamics
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The beam and detector of the NA62 experiment at CERN
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Precision measurement of the structure of the CMS inner tracking system using nuclear interactions
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New detectors to explore the lifetime frontier
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Simulation and performance of an artificial retina for 40 MHz track reconstruction
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A search for prompt lepton-jets in pp collisions at <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns:sb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/struct-bib/dtd" xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:cals="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/cals/dtd"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>7</mml:mn><mml:mspace width="0.25em"/><mml:mtext>TeV</mml:mtext></mml:math> with the ATLAS detector
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Search for heavy resonances that decay into a vector boson and a Higgs boson in hadronic final states at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 $$\,\text {TeV}$$ TeV
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Heavy flavor simplified models at the LHC
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Quantum Chromodynamics Test for Jets
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Natural baryogenesis from unnatural supersymmetry
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Erratum: Long life stau in the minimal supersymmetric standard model [Phys. Rev. D 73 , 055009 (2006)]
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R-baryon masses
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Search for a Dark Photon in e + e Collisions at BaBar
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Search for long-lived particles decaying into displaced jets in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV
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(In)visible Z ′ and dark matter
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Sterile neutrino searches via displaced vertices at LHCb
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Mini-Split
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RECAST — extending the impact of existing analyses
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Search for long-lived particles decaying to jet pairs
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Higgs boson decays to four fermions through an Abelian hidden sector
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Toward a public analysis database for LHC new physics searches using MADANALYSIS 5
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Phenomenology of photon-jets
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Prospects for discovering supersymmetric long-lived particles with MoEDAL
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Collider signatures for the heavy lepton triplet in the type I + III seesaw mechanism
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Uncovering Natural Supersymmetry via the interplay between the LHC and direct Dark Matter detection
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Discerning secluded sector gauge structures
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ARS leptogenesis
journal, February 2018

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Search for magnetic monopoles with the MoEDAL prototype trapping detector in 8 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC
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Measurement of C P Violation in B 0 D + D Decays
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Collider searches for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model
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Lepton number as the fourth "color"
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LHC searches for dark sector showers
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Triggering soft bombs at the LHC
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Sparticle spectroscopy and electroweak symmetry breaking with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking
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Collider probes of axion-like particles
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Search for Higgs-like bosons decaying into long-lived exotic particles
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Coscattering/coannihilation dark matter in a fraternal twin Higgs model
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Monopolium: the key to monopoles
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Search for long-lived scalar particles in B + K + χ ( μ + μ ) decays
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Monopolonium
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Magnetic monopoles from global monopoles in the presence of a Kalb-Ramond Field
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Seesaw at LHC
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Search for long-lived neutral particles decaying to quark-antiquark pairs in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV
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Dark matter sees the light
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R-Parity-violating supersymmetry
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Low energy dynamical supersymmetry breaking simplified
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Scalar Phantoms
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Multilepton and lepton jet probes of sub-weak-scale right-handed neutrinos
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Lepton jets from radiating dark matter
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Coannihilation without chemical equilibrium
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Inelastic dark matter at the LHC
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SModelS v1.1 user manual: Improving simplified model constraints with efficiency maps
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Phenomenology of a very light scalar (100 MeV < m h < 10 GeV) mixing with the SM Higgs
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Two U(1)'s and ϵ charge shifts
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Search for short-lived particles produced in an electron beam dump
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Baryogenesis via particle-antiparticle oscillations
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LHC signatures of a minimal supersymmetric hidden valley
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Type-III seesaw mechanism at CERN LHC
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CheckMATE 2: From the model to the limit
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Enhancing Long-Lived Particles Searches at the LHC with Precision Timing Information
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Constraints on new phenomena via Higgs boson couplings and invisible decays with the ATLAS detector
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Stau kinks at the LHC
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A theory of dark matter
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The FLUKA Code: Developments and Challenges for High Energy and Medical Applications
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Simplified phenomenology for colored dark sectors
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Erratum to: “Split supersymmetry” [Nucl. Phys. B 699 (2004) 65]
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Exact left-right symmetry and spontaneous violation of parity
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Majorana Higgses at colliders
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Magnetic Monopole Mass Bounds from Heavy-Ion Collisions and Neutron Stars
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PYTHIA 6.4 physics and manual
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Secluded WIMP dark matter
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The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations
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Cold dark matter: Controversies on small scales
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Simplified models for displaced dark matter signatures
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Z ′, Higgses and heavy neutrinos in U(1)′ models: from the LHC to the GUT scale
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Heavy neutrino search via semileptonic higgs decay at the LHC
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Supersymmetry and the LHC inverse problem
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Dynamical dark matter. I. Theoretical overview
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Search for a New Gauge Boson in Electron-Nucleus Fixed-Target Scattering by the APEX Experiment
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A comprehensive approach to dark matter studies: exploration of simplified top-philic models
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Supersymmetric unification without low energy supersymmetry and signatures for fine-tuning at the LHC
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Simplified models for a first characterization of new physics at the LHC
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Distinguishing seesaw models at LHC with multi-lepton signals
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Searches for long-lived charged particles in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ =7 and 8 TeV
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Spontaneous breakdown of parity in a class of gauge theories
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The physics programme of the MoEDAL experiment at the LHC
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Displaced photon signal from a possible light scalar in minimal left-right seesaw model
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Simplified SIMPs and the LHC
journal, November 2015

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Search for the dark photon in π 0 decays
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Long life stau in the minimal supersymmetric standard model
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Singular lensing from the scattering on special space–time defects
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Neutrinos and collider physics
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Looking for milli-charged particles with a new experiment at the LHC
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Thermal Hadron Spectrum in e + e Annihilation From Gauge-String Duality
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Search for Narrow Resonances in Dijet Final States at s = 8 TeV with the Novel CMS Technique of Data Scouting
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Long lived light scalars as probe of low scale seesaw models
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Visible effects of invisible Hidden Valley radiation
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CheckMATE: Confronting your favourite new physics model with LHC data
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Detecting a heavy neutrino electric dipole moment at the LHC
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Search for decays of stopped long-lived particles produced in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}= 8\,\text {TeV} $$ s = 8 TeV
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SoftKiller, a particle-level pileup removal method
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Dark photons from charm mesons at LHCb
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Layout and performance of RPCs used in the Argo-YBJ experiment
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Pileup subtraction using jet areas
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Pileup per particle identification
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Geant4—a simulation toolkit
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Casimir meets Poisson: improved quark/gluon discrimination with counting observables
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Tesla: An application for real-time data analysis in High Energy Physics
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Constraining new physics with searches for long-lived particles: Implementation into SModelS
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Exponentially light dark matter from coannihilation
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Simplified models for LHC new physics searches
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A search for pair production of new light bosons decaying into muons
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Minimal dark matter
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Flavor and collider signatures of asymmetric dark matter
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CMS hardware track trigger: New opportunities for long-lived particle searches at the HL-LHC
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On the coverage of the pMSSM by simplified model results
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Minimal dark matter: model and results
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Search for Millicharged Particles at SLAC
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Inelastic dark matter at the LHC lifetime frontier: ATLAS, CMS, LHCb, CODEX-b, FASER, and MATHUSLA
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Lepton Number Violation in Higgs Decay at LHC
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Macroscopic strings and ``quirks'' at colliders
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Glueball spectrum from an anisotropic lattice study
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Searching for Invisible and Almost Invisible Particles at e + e Colliders
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Naturalness in the dark at the LHC
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Compressed electroweakino spectra at the LHC
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Sensitivity study for new gauge bosons and right-handed Majorana neutrinos in pp collisions at s = 14 TeV
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Axinos as Cold Dark Matter
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Simplified models for same-spin new physics scenarios
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Long-lived heavy neutrinos from Higgs decays
journal, August 2018

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Folded supersymmetry and the LEP paradox
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Searches for light sterile neutrinos with multitrack displaced vertices
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Systematics of quark/gluon tagging
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Hidden Higgs decaying to lepton jets
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Event generation with SHERPA 1.1
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Search for Displaced Supersymmetry in Events with an Electron and a Muon with Large Impact Parameters
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BBN for the LHC: Constraints on lifetimes of the Higgs portal scalars
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The price of an electroweak monopole
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A flavoured dark sector
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Erratum: Lepton number as the fourth "color"
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Search for Stopped Gluinos in p p Collisions at s = 7 TeV
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Search for disappearing tracks in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV
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Minimal spontaneously broken hidden sector and its impact on Higgs boson physics at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
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HERWIG 5.1 - a Monte Carlo event generator for simulating hadron emission reactions with interfering gluons
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The HepMC C++ Monte Carlo event record for High Energy Physics
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Model-independent and quasi-model-independent search for new physics at CDF
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Search for light vector boson production in e + e μ + μ γ interactions with the KLOE experiment
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Pure-glue hidden valleys through the Higgs portal
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Sensitivity of LHC experiments to exotic highly ionising particles
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Energy correlation functions for jet substructure
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The coannihilation codex
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Freeze-In dark matter with displaced signatures at colliders
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Weakly supervised classification in high energy physics
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Particle physics implications and constraints on dark matter interpretations of the CDMS signal
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Natural SUSY endures
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Experimental Signatures of Low Energy Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking
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Collider phenomenology of Hidden Valley mediators of spin 0 or 1/2 with semivisible jets
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Automatic spin-entangled decays of heavy resonances in Monte Carlo simulations
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Looking for the WIMP next door
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Monopolium production from photon fusion at the Large Hadron Collider
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SUSY, the Third Generation and the LHC
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Astrophysical signatures of secluded dark matter
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Extra Higgs boson and Z′ as portals to signatures of heavy neutrinos at the LHC
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Discovering Supersymmetry at the Tevatron in W -ino Lightest Supersymmetric Particle Scenarios
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Three exceptions in the calculation of relic abundances
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Designing and recasting LHC analyses with MadAnalysis  5
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Search for decays of stopped, long-lived particles from 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
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FASER’s physics reach for long-lived particles
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Softly broken supersymmetry and SU(5)
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The anti- k t jet clustering algorithm
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Search for disappearing tracks as a signature of new long-lived particles in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV
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MadGraph 5: going beyond
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Do B meson decays exclude a light Higgs?
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Distinguishing dynamical dark matter at the LHC
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The dark penguin shines light at colliders
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Novel SM-like Higgs decay into displaced heavy neutrino pairs in U(1)′ models
journal, April 2017

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Monopole configuration in Weinberg-Salam model
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Hunting all the hidden photons
journal, July 2018

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Search for new particles decaying to a jet and an emerging jet
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Development of a magnetometer-based search strategy for stopped monopoles at the Large Hadron Collider
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Trilinear-augmented gaugino mediation
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Asymmetric dark matter
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CMS reconstruction improvements for the tracking in large pileup events
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Triplet scalars and dark matter at the LHC
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Search for long-lived heavy charged particles using a ring imaging Cherenkov technique at LHCb
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Prompt signals and displaced vertices in sparticle searches for next-to-minimal gauge-mediated supersymmetric models
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Displaced vertex searches for sterile neutrinos at future lepton colliders
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Search for Neutral Heavy Leptons in a High-Energy Neutrino Beam
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A new probe of dark sector dynamics at the LHC
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Dynamical μ term in gauge mediation
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The search for heavy Majorana neutrinos
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Regularized Kalb-Ramond magnetic monopole with finite energy
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Phenomenology of the minimal B L extension of the standard model: Z and neutrinos
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Signatures of axinos and gravitinos at colliders
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Phenomenology of the production, decay, and detection of new hadronic states associated with supersymmetry
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A measurement of material in the ATLAS tracker using secondary hadronic interactions in 7 TeV pp collisions
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A phenomenological model of particle physics based on supersymmetry
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A brief introduction to PYTHIA 8.1
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A quirky little Higgs model
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(Machine) learning to do more with less
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An update on the big bang nucleosynthesis prediction for 7 Li: the problem worsens
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Neutrino mass and baryon-number nonconservation in superstring models
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Supergravity and a confining gauge theory: duality cascades and χSB-resolution of naked singularities
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Echoes of a hidden valley at hadron colliders
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LHC searches for non-chiral weakly charged multiplets
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A review of WIMP baryogenesis mechanisms
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Halo-Shape and Relic-Density Exclusions of Sommerfeld-Enhanced Dark Matter Explanations of Cosmic Ray Excesses
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Heavy stable charged tracks as signatures of non-thermal dark matter at the LHC: a study in some non-supersymmetric scenarios
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Non-abelian dark sectors and their collider signatures
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Can annihilating dark matter be lighter than a few GeVs?
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Erratum and Addendum to: How to find neutral leptons of the νMSM?
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Dark gauge bosons: LHC signatures of non-abelian kinetic mixing
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Updated search for long-lived particles decaying to jet pairs
journal, November 2017


Natural Electroweak Breaking from a Mirror Symmetry
journal, June 2006


Leveraging the ALICE/L3 cavern for long-lived particle searches
journal, January 2019


Long-lived staus and displaced leptons at the LHC
journal, April 2016


A search for pair production of new light bosons decaying into muons in proton-proton collisions at 13  TeV
journal, September 2019


LHC-friendly minimal freeze-in models
journal, February 2019

  • Bélanger, G.; Desai, N.; Goudelis, A.
  • Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1007/JHEP02(2019)186