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Title: Non-methane organic gas emissions from biomass burning: identification, quantification, and emission factors from PTR-ToF during the FIREX 2016 laboratory experiment

Abstract

Volatile and intermediate-volatility non-methane organic gases (NMOGs) released from biomass burning were measured during laboratory-simulated wildfires by proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF). We identified NMOG contributors to more than 150 PTR ion masses using gas chromatography (GC) pre-separation with electron ionization, H3O+ chemical ionization, and NO+ chemical ionization, an extensive literature review, and time series correlation, providing higher certainty for ion identifications than has been previously available. Our interpretation of the PTR-ToF mass spectrum accounts for nearly 90 % of NMOG mass detected by PTR-ToF across all fuel types. The relative contributions of different NMOGs to individual exact ion masses are mostly similar across many fires and fuel types. The PTR-ToF measurements are compared to corresponding measurements from open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (OP-FTIR), broadband cavity-enhanced spectroscopy (ACES), and iodide ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry (I- CIMS) where possible. The majority of comparisons have slopes near 1 and values of the linear correlation coefficient, R2, of > 0.8, including compounds that are not frequently reported by PTR-MS such as ammonia, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), nitrous acid (HONO), and propene. The exceptions include methylglyoxal and compounds that are known to be difficult to measure with one or more of the deployed instruments.more » The fire-integrated emission ratios to CO and emission factors of NMOGs from 18 fuel types are provided. Finally, we provide an overview of the chemical characteristics of detected species. Non-aromatic oxygenated compounds are the most abundant. Furans and aromatics, while less abundant, comprise a large portion of the OH reactivity. The OH reactivity, its major contributors, and the volatility distribution of emissions can change considerably over the course of a fire.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [5];  [6]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [3];  [5]; ORCiD logo [4]; ORCiD logo [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences. Dept. of Chemistry; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab. Chemical Sciences Division
  2. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab. Chemical Sciences Division; Yokohama City Univ. (Japan). Graduate School of Nanobioscience
  3. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab. Chemical Sciences Division
  4. Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry
  5. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab. Chemical Sciences Division
  6. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab. Chemical Sciences Division; Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  7. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences. Dept. of Chemistry
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States); Yokohama City Univ. (Japan)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (United States); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan)
OSTI Identifier:
1501920
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0016559; NA16OAR4310100; 15K16117
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1680-7324
Publisher:
European Geosciences Union
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Koss, Abigail R., Sekimoto, Kanako, Gilman, Jessica B., Selimovic, Vanessa, Coggon, Matthew M., Zarzana, Kyle J., Yuan, Bin, Lerner, Brian M., Brown, Steven S., Jimenez, Jose L., Krechmer, Jordan, Roberts, James M., Warneke, Carsten, Yokelson, Robert J., and de Gouw, Joost. Non-methane organic gas emissions from biomass burning: identification, quantification, and emission factors from PTR-ToF during the FIREX 2016 laboratory experiment. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.5194/acp-18-3299-2018.
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Koss, Abigail R., Sekimoto, Kanako, Gilman, Jessica B., Selimovic, Vanessa, Coggon, Matthew M., Zarzana, Kyle J., Yuan, Bin, Lerner, Brian M., Brown, Steven S., Jimenez, Jose L., Krechmer, Jordan, Roberts, James M., Warneke, Carsten, Yokelson, Robert J., & de Gouw, Joost. Non-methane organic gas emissions from biomass burning: identification, quantification, and emission factors from PTR-ToF during the FIREX 2016 laboratory experiment. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3299-2018
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Koss, Abigail R., Sekimoto, Kanako, Gilman, Jessica B., Selimovic, Vanessa, Coggon, Matthew M., Zarzana, Kyle J., Yuan, Bin, Lerner, Brian M., Brown, Steven S., Jimenez, Jose L., Krechmer, Jordan, Roberts, James M., Warneke, Carsten, Yokelson, Robert J., and de Gouw, Joost. Wed . "Non-methane organic gas emissions from biomass burning: identification, quantification, and emission factors from PTR-ToF during the FIREX 2016 laboratory experiment". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3299-2018. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1501920.
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@article{osti_1501920,
title = {Non-methane organic gas emissions from biomass burning: identification, quantification, and emission factors from PTR-ToF during the FIREX 2016 laboratory experiment},
author = {Koss, Abigail R. and Sekimoto, Kanako and Gilman, Jessica B. and Selimovic, Vanessa and Coggon, Matthew M. and Zarzana, Kyle J. and Yuan, Bin and Lerner, Brian M. and Brown, Steven S. and Jimenez, Jose L. and Krechmer, Jordan and Roberts, James M. and Warneke, Carsten and Yokelson, Robert J. and de Gouw, Joost},
abstractNote = {Volatile and intermediate-volatility non-methane organic gases (NMOGs) released from biomass burning were measured during laboratory-simulated wildfires by proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF). We identified NMOG contributors to more than 150 PTR ion masses using gas chromatography (GC) pre-separation with electron ionization, H3O+ chemical ionization, and NO+ chemical ionization, an extensive literature review, and time series correlation, providing higher certainty for ion identifications than has been previously available. Our interpretation of the PTR-ToF mass spectrum accounts for nearly 90 % of NMOG mass detected by PTR-ToF across all fuel types. The relative contributions of different NMOGs to individual exact ion masses are mostly similar across many fires and fuel types. The PTR-ToF measurements are compared to corresponding measurements from open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (OP-FTIR), broadband cavity-enhanced spectroscopy (ACES), and iodide ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry (I- CIMS) where possible. The majority of comparisons have slopes near 1 and values of the linear correlation coefficient, R2, of > 0.8, including compounds that are not frequently reported by PTR-MS such as ammonia, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), nitrous acid (HONO), and propene. The exceptions include methylglyoxal and compounds that are known to be difficult to measure with one or more of the deployed instruments. The fire-integrated emission ratios to CO and emission factors of NMOGs from 18 fuel types are provided. Finally, we provide an overview of the chemical characteristics of detected species. Non-aromatic oxygenated compounds are the most abundant. Furans and aromatics, while less abundant, comprise a large portion of the OH reactivity. The OH reactivity, its major contributors, and the volatility distribution of emissions can change considerably over the course of a fire.},
doi = {10.5194/acp-18-3299-2018},
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)},
number = 5,
volume = 18,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Wed Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3299-2018
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    • Hatch, Lindsay E.; Rivas-Ubach, Albert; Jen, Coty N.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 24
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-17801-2018

    Aerosol optical properties and trace gas emissions by PAX and OP-FTIR for laboratory-simulated western US wildfires during FIREX
    journal, January 2018

    • Selimovic, Vanessa; Yokelson, Robert J.; Warneke, Carsten
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-2929-2018

    High- and low-temperature pyrolysis profiles describe volatile organic compound emissions from western US wildfire fuels
    journal, January 2018

    • Sekimoto, Kanako; Koss, Abigail R.; Gilman, Jessica B.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 13
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-9263-2018

    Speciated and total emission factors of particulate organics from burning western US wildland fuels and their dependence on combustion efficiency
    journal, January 2019

    • Jen, Coty N.; Hatch, Lindsay E.; Selimovic, Vanessa
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-1013-2019

    Anthropogenic VOCs in Abidjan, southern West Africa: from source quantification to atmospheric impacts
    journal, January 2019

    • Dominutti, Pamela; Keita, Sekou; Bahino, Julien
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 18
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-11721-2019

    Secondary organic aerosol formation from the laboratory oxidation of biomass burning emissions
    journal, January 2019

    • Lim, Christopher Y.; Hagan, David H.; Coggon, Matthew M.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 19
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-12797-2019

    Gaseous, PM2.5 mass, and speciated emission factors from laboratory chamber peat combustion
    journal, January 2019

    • Watson, John G.; Cao, Junji; Chen, L. -W. Antony
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 22
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-14173-2019

    Wintertime secondary organic aerosol formation in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH): contributions of HONO sources and heterogeneous reactions
    journal, January 2019

    In situ measurements of trace gases, PM, and aerosol optical properties during the 2017 NW US wildfire smoke event
    journal, January 2019

    • Selimovic, Vanessa; Yokelson, Robert J.; McMeeking, Gavin R.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 6
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-3905-2019

    Solubility and solution-phase chemistry of isocyanic acid, methyl isocyanate, and cyanogen halides
    journal, January 2019

    Gas-phase pyrolysis products emitted by prescribed fires in pine forests with a shrub understory in the southeastern United States
    journal, January 2019

    • Scharko, Nicole K.; Oeck, Ashley M.; Myers, Tanya L.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 15
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-9681-2019

    Biomass-burning-derived particles from a wide variety of fuels – Part 1: Properties of primary particles
    journal, January 2020

    • McClure, Crystal D.; Lim, Christopher Y.; Hagan, David H.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-1531-2020

    Characterization of a catalyst-based conversion technique to measure total particulate nitrogen and organic carbon and comparison to a particle mass measurement instrument
    journal, January 2018

    • Stockwell, Chelsea E.; Kupc, Agnieszka; Witkowski, Bartłomiej
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 11, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-11-2749-2018

    Isotopic characterization of nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitrous acid (HONO), and nitrate (pNO3−) from laboratory biomass burning during FIREX
    journal, January 2019

    • Chai, Jiajue; Miller, David J.; Scheuer, Eric
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 12, Issue 12
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-12-6303-2019

    Identification of gas-phase pyrolysis products in a prescribed fire: first detections using infrared spectroscopy for naphthalene, methyl nitrite, allene, acrolein and acetaldehyde
    journal, January 2019

    • Scharko, Nicole K.; Oeck, Ashley M.; Tonkyn, Russell G.
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 12, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-12-763-2019

    Isocyanic acid (HNCO) and its fate in the atmosphere: a review
    text, January 2019

    Rapid dark aging of biomass burning as an overlooked source of oxidized organic aerosol
    journal, December 2020

    • Kodros, John K.; Papanastasiou, Dimitrios K.; Paglione, Marco
    • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 117, Issue 52
    • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010365117

    Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Prescribed Burning in Tallgrass Prairie Ecosystems
    journal, August 2019

    • Whitehill, Andrew R.; George, Ingrid; Long, Russell
    • Atmosphere, Vol. 10, Issue 8
    • DOI: 10.3390/atmos10080464

    Primary emissions of glyoxal and methylglyoxal from laboratory measurements of open biomass burning
    journal, January 2018

    • Zarzana, Kyle J.; Selimovic, Vanessa; Koss, Abigail R.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 20
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-15451-2018

    Anthropogenic VOCs in Abidjan, southern West Africa: from source quantification to atmospheric impacts
    journal, January 2019

    • Dominutti, Pamela; Keita, Sekou; Bahino, Julien
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 18
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-11721-2019

    Secondary organic aerosol formation from the laboratory oxidation of biomass burning emissions
    journal, January 2019

    • Lim, Christopher Y.; Hagan, David H.; Coggon, Matthew M.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 19
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-12797-2019

    Wintertime secondary organic aerosol formation in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH): contributions of HONO sources and heterogeneous reactions
    journal, January 2019

    Measurements of carbonyl compounds around the Arabian Peninsula: overview and model comparison
    journal, September 2020

    • Wang, Nijing; Edtbauer, Achim; Stönner, Christof
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 18
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-10807-2020

    Measurement report: Important contributions of oxygenated compounds to emissions and chemistry of volatile organic compounds in urban air
    journal, December 2020

    • Wu, Caihong; Wang, Chaomin; Wang, Sihang
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 23
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-14769-2020

    Biomass-burning-derived particles from a wide variety of fuels – Part 1: Properties of primary particles
    journal, January 2020

    • McClure, Crystal D.; Lim, Christopher Y.; Hagan, David H.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-1531-2020

    Biomass-burning-derived particles from a wide variety of fuels – Part 2: Effects of photochemical aging on particle optical and chemical properties
    journal, January 2020

    • Cappa, Christopher D.; Lim, Christopher Y.; Hagan, David H.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 14
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-8511-2020

    The nitrogen budget of laboratory-simulated western US wildfires during the FIREX 2016 Fire Lab study
    journal, July 2020

    • Roberts, James M.; Stockwell, Chelsea E.; Yokelson, Robert J.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 14
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-8807-2020

    Source characterization of volatile organic compounds measured by proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometers in Delhi, India
    journal, August 2020

    • Wang, Liwei; Slowik, Jay G.; Tripathi, Nidhi
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 16
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-9753-2020

    Emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds from combustion of domestic fuels in Delhi, India
    journal, February 2021

    • Stewart, Gareth J.; Acton, W. Joe F.; Nelson, Beth S.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 4
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-2383-2021

    Atmospheric evolution of emissions from a boreal forest fire: the formation of highly functionalized oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing organic compounds
    journal, January 2021

    • Ditto, Jenna C.; He, Megan; Hass-Mitchell, Tori N.
    • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 1
    • DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-255-2021

    Airborne measurements of particulate organic matter by proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS): a pilot study
    journal, November 2019

    • Piel, Felix; Müller, Markus; Mikoviny, Tomas
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 12, Issue 11
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-12-5947-2019

    Single-photon laser-induced fluorescence detection of nitric oxide at sub-parts-per-trillion mixing ratios
    journal, May 2020

    • Rollins, Andrew W.; Rickly, Pamela S.; Gao, Ru-Shan
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 13, Issue 5
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-13-2425-2020

    Airborne extractive electrospray mass spectrometry measurements of the chemical composition of organic aerosol
    journal, February 2021

    • Pagonis, Demetrios; Campuzano-Jost, Pedro; Guo, Hongyu
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 14, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-1545-2021

    Comparison of ozone measurement methods in biomass burning smoke: an evaluation under field and laboratory conditions
    journal, March 2021

    • Long, Russell W.; Whitehill, Andrew; Habel, Andrew
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 14, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-1783-2021

    Dynamic infrared gas analysis from longleaf pine fuel beds burned in a wind tunnel: observation of phenol in pyrolysis and combustion phases
    journal, March 2021

    • Banach, Catherine A.; Bradley, Ashley M.; Tonkyn, Russell G.
    • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 14, Issue 3
    • DOI: 10.5194/amt-14-2359-2021
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