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Title: Cross-plane Thermoelectric and Thermionic Transport across Au/h-BN/Graphene Heterostructures

Abstract

Here, the thermoelectric voltage generated at an atomically abrupt interface has not been studied exclusively because of the lack of established measurement tools and techniques. Atomically thin 2D materials provide an excellent platform for studying the thermoelectric transport at these interfaces. Here, we report a novel technique and device structure to probe the thermoelectric transport across Au/h-BN/graphene heterostructures. An indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrical heater is patterned on top of this heterostructure, enabling Raman spectroscopy and thermometry to be obtained from the graphene top electrode in situ under device operating conditions. Here, an AC voltage V(ω) is applied to the ITO heater and the thermoelectric voltage across the Au/h-BN/graphene heterostructure is measured at 2ω using a lock-in amplifier. We report the Seebeck coefficient for our thermoelectric structure to be –215 μV/K. The Au/graphene/h-BN heterostructures enable us to explore thermoelectric and thermal transport on nanometer length scales in a regime of extremely short length scales. The thermoelectric voltage generated at the graphene/h-BN interface is due to thermionic emission rather than bulk diffusive transport. As such, this should be thought of as an interfacial Seebeck coefficient rather than a Seebeck coefficient of the constituent materials.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [1]
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  1. Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  2. Singapore Univ. of Technology and Design (SUTD) (Singapore)
  3. Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1500109
Grant/Contract Number:  
FG02-07ER46376; FG02-07ER46377
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Scientific Reports
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING

Citation Formats

Poudel, Nirakar, Liang, Shi -Jun, Choi, David, Hou, Bingya, Shen, Lang, Shi, Haotian, Ang, Lay Kee, Shi, Li, and Cronin, Stephen. Cross-plane Thermoelectric and Thermionic Transport across Au/h-BN/Graphene Heterostructures. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12704-w.
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Poudel, Nirakar, Liang, Shi -Jun, Choi, David, Hou, Bingya, Shen, Lang, Shi, Haotian, Ang, Lay Kee, Shi, Li, & Cronin, Stephen. Cross-plane Thermoelectric and Thermionic Transport across Au/h-BN/Graphene Heterostructures. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12704-w
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Poudel, Nirakar, Liang, Shi -Jun, Choi, David, Hou, Bingya, Shen, Lang, Shi, Haotian, Ang, Lay Kee, Shi, Li, and Cronin, Stephen. Thu . "Cross-plane Thermoelectric and Thermionic Transport across Au/h-BN/Graphene Heterostructures". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12704-w. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1500109.
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@article{osti_1500109,
title = {Cross-plane Thermoelectric and Thermionic Transport across Au/h-BN/Graphene Heterostructures},
author = {Poudel, Nirakar and Liang, Shi -Jun and Choi, David and Hou, Bingya and Shen, Lang and Shi, Haotian and Ang, Lay Kee and Shi, Li and Cronin, Stephen},
abstractNote = {Here, the thermoelectric voltage generated at an atomically abrupt interface has not been studied exclusively because of the lack of established measurement tools and techniques. Atomically thin 2D materials provide an excellent platform for studying the thermoelectric transport at these interfaces. Here, we report a novel technique and device structure to probe the thermoelectric transport across Au/h-BN/graphene heterostructures. An indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrical heater is patterned on top of this heterostructure, enabling Raman spectroscopy and thermometry to be obtained from the graphene top electrode in situ under device operating conditions. Here, an AC voltage V(ω) is applied to the ITO heater and the thermoelectric voltage across the Au/h-BN/graphene heterostructure is measured at 2ω using a lock-in amplifier. We report the Seebeck coefficient for our thermoelectric structure to be –215 μV/K. The Au/graphene/h-BN heterostructures enable us to explore thermoelectric and thermal transport on nanometer length scales in a regime of extremely short length scales. The thermoelectric voltage generated at the graphene/h-BN interface is due to thermionic emission rather than bulk diffusive transport. As such, this should be thought of as an interfacial Seebeck coefficient rather than a Seebeck coefficient of the constituent materials.},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-12704-w},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = 1,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {10}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12704-w
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Cited by: 13 works
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the thermionic emission process, illustrated for a graphene/h- BN/Au heterostructure.
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Measuring nanoscale thermal gradients in suspended MoS 2 with STEM-EELS
    journal, October 2019

    • Shen, Lang; Mecklenburg, Matthew; Dhall, Rohan
    • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 15
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5094443

    Thermionic transport across gold-graphene-WSe 2 van der Waals heterostructures
    journal, November 2019

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