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Title: Intersubband plasmons in the quantum limit in gated and aligned carbon nanotubes

Journal Article · · Nature Communications

Confined electrons collectively oscillate in response to light, resulting in a plasmon resonance whose frequency is determined by the electron density and the size and shape of the confinement structure. Plasmons in metallic particles typically occur in the classical regime where the characteristic quantum level spacing is negligibly small compared to the plasma frequency. In doped semiconductor quantum wells, quantum plasmon excitations can be observed, where the quantization energy exceeds the plasma frequency. Such intersubband plasmons occur in the mid- and far-infrared ranges and exhibit a variety of dynamic manybody effects. Here, we report the observation of intersubband plasmons in carbon nanotubes, where both the quantization and plasma frequencies are larger than those of typical quantum wells by three orders of magnitude. As a result, we observed a pronounced absorption peak in the near-infrared. Specifically, we observed the near-infrared plasmon peak in gated films of aligned single-wall carbon nanotubes only for probe light polarized perpendicular to the nanotube axis and only when carriers are present either in the conduction or valence band. Both the intensity and frequency of the peak were found to increase with the carrier density, consistent with the plasmonic nature of the resonance. With this being said, our observation of gate-controlled quantum plasmons in aligned carbon nanotubes will not only pave the way for the development of carbon-based near-infrared optoelectronic devices but also allow us to study the collective dynamic response of interacting electrons in one dimension.

Research Organization:
Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
FG02-06ER46308
OSTI ID:
1499700
Journal Information:
Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1; ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 48 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (16)

Science and applications of wafer-scale crystalline carbon nanotube films prepared through controlled vacuum filtration journal March 2019
Carbon nanotube array as a van der Waals two-dimensional hyperbolic material journal December 2019
Science and applications of wafer-scale crystalline carbon nanotube films prepared through controlled vacuum filtration text January 2018
One-directional thermal transport in densely aligned single-wall carbon nanotube films text January 2019
Macroscopically aligned carbon nanotubes for flexible and high-temperature electronics, optoelectronics, and thermoelectrics journal December 2019
Science and applications of wafer-scale crystalline carbon nanotube films prepared through controlled vacuum filtration text January 2018
Absorption Cross-Section and Near-Field Enhancement in Finite-Length Carbon Nanotubes in the Terahertz-to-Optical Range journal September 2009
Isotropic Seebeck coefficient of aligned single-wall carbon nanotube films journal December 2018
Intersubband plasmon excitations in doped carbon nanotubes text January 2018
2N+4-rule and an atlas of bulk optical resonances of zigzag graphene nanoribbons journal January 2020
Intrinsically ultrastrong plasmon-exciton interactions in crystallized films of carbon nanotubes text January 2018
One-directional thermal transport in densely aligned single-wall carbon nanotube films journal November 2019
Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes or Very Rigid Conjugated Polymers: A Comparison journal November 2018
Intrinsically ultrastrong plasmon–exciton interactions in crystallized films of carbon nanotubes journal November 2018
Intersubband plasmon excitations in doped carbon nanotubes journal February 2019
Carbon nanotube array as a van der Waals two-dimensional hyperbolic material text January 2019

Figures / Tables (4)