The Vacancy-Induced Electronic Structure of the SrTiO3-δ Surface

Cook, Seyoung; Dylla, Maxwell T.; Rosenberg, Richard A.; Mansley, Zachary R.; Snyder, G. Jeffrey; Marks, Laurence D.; Fong, Dillon D.

doi:10.1002/aelm.201800460

Title: The Vacancy-Induced Electronic Structure of the SrTiO_3-δ Surface

Journal Article · 14 November 2018 · Advanced Electronic Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201800460 · OSTI ID:1499278

^[1]; Dylla, Maxwell T. ^[2]; Rosenberg, Richard A. ^[3]; Mansley, Zachary R. ^[2]; Snyder, G. Jeffrey ^[2]; Marks, Laurence D. ^[2];

^[3]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Abstract The emergence of a 2D electron gas (2DEG) on the (001) surface of oxygen‐deficient strontium titanate (SrTiO _3−δ ) is investigated. Using in situ soft X‐ray spectroscopy and effective mass modeling, a series of quantitative band diagrams are developed to describe the evolution of near‐surface and bulk carrier concentrations, downward band bending, and Fermi level along a lateral gradient of oxygen vacancies formed on SrTiO _3−δ by direct‐current resistive heating under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Electrons are accumulated over a 3 nm region near the surface, confined within a potential well with saturated 300 meV downward band bending. The relation between Fermi levels and carrier concentrations near the surface suggests the density of states near the surface is much lower than the bulk density of states, which is consistent with the quantum‐confined subbands of a 2DEG. The quantitative relationship between the surface and bulk electronic structures developed in this work provides a guide for precise engineering of the oxygen‐vacancy‐induced 2DEG in SrTiO ₃ .

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; National Science Foundation (NSF); Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP); USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; DMR-1334713; DMR-1333335; FG02-03ER15457; FG02-01ER45945; DE‐AC02‐06CH11357; DE‐FG02‐03ER15457; DE‐FG02‐01ER45945

OSTI ID:: 1499278

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1482131; OSTI ID: 1870982

Journal Information:: Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 1; ISSN 2199-160X

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: The Vacancy-Induced Electronic Structure of the SrTiO3-δ Surface

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Title: The Vacancy-Induced Electronic Structure of the SrTiO_3-δ Surface