Temperature-dependent Saturation of Weibel-type Instabilities in Counter-streaming Plasmas

Skoutnev, V.; Hakim, A.; Juno, J.; TenBarge, J. M.

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0556

Title: Temperature-dependent Saturation of Weibel-type Instabilities in Counter-streaming Plasmas

Abstract

We present the first 2X2V continuum Vlasov–Maxwell simulations of interpenetrating, unmagnetized plasmas to study the competition between two-stream, Oblique, and filamentation modes in the weakly relativistic regime. We find that after nonlinear saturation of the fastest-growing two-stream and Oblique modes, the effective temperature anisotropy, which drives current filament formation via the secular Weibel instability, has a strong dependence on the internal temperature of the counter-streaming plasmas. The effective temperature anisotropy is significantly more reduced in colder than in hotter plasmas, leading to orders of magnitude lower magnetization for colder plasmas. Here, a strong dependence of the energy conversion efficiency of Weibel-type instabilities on internal beam temperature has implications for determining their contribution to the observed magnetization of many astrophysical and laboratory plasmas.

Authors:

^[1]; Hakim, A. ^[2];

^[3];

^[4]

Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States); Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Feb 20 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1498787

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; FA9550-15-1-0193; 80NSSC17K0428; AGS-1622306

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online); Journal Volume: 872; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-8213

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; instabilities; magnetic fields; plasmas

Citation Formats


                    Skoutnev, V., Hakim, A., Juno, J., and TenBarge, J. M. Temperature-dependent Saturation of Weibel-type Instabilities in Counter-streaming Plasmas.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0556.

Copy to clipboard


                    Skoutnev, V., Hakim, A., Juno, J., & TenBarge, J. M. Temperature-dependent Saturation of Weibel-type Instabilities in Counter-streaming Plasmas.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0556

Copy to clipboard


                    Skoutnev, V., Hakim, A., Juno, J., and TenBarge, J. M. Wed .  
"Temperature-dependent Saturation of Weibel-type Instabilities in Counter-streaming Plasmas".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0556.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1498787.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1498787,

  title        = {Temperature-dependent Saturation of Weibel-type Instabilities in Counter-streaming Plasmas},

  author       = {Skoutnev, V. and Hakim, A. and Juno, J. and TenBarge, J. M.},

  abstractNote = {We present the first 2X2V continuum Vlasov–Maxwell simulations of interpenetrating, unmagnetized plasmas to study the competition between two-stream, Oblique, and filamentation modes in the weakly relativistic regime. We find that after nonlinear saturation of the fastest-growing two-stream and Oblique modes, the effective temperature anisotropy, which drives current filament formation via the secular Weibel instability, has a strong dependence on the internal temperature of the counter-streaming plasmas. The effective temperature anisotropy is significantly more reduced in colder than in hotter plasmas, leading to orders of magnitude lower magnetization for colder plasmas. Here, a strong dependence of the energy conversion efficiency of Weibel-type instabilities on internal beam temperature has implications for determining their contribution to the observed magnetization of many astrophysical and laboratory plasmas.},

  doi          = {10.3847/2041-8213/ab0556},

  journal      = {The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 872,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Feb 20 00:00:00 EST 2019},

  month        = {Wed Feb 20 00:00:00 EST 2019}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0556

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 9 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

The Serendipity Family of Finite Elements
journal, March 2011

Arnold, Douglas N.; Awanou, Gerard
Foundations of Computational Mathematics, Vol. 11, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1007/s10208-011-9087-3

Weibel, Two-Stream, Filamentation, Oblique, Bell, Buneman...Which one Grows Faster?
journal, June 2009

Bret, A.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 699, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/990

Nonlinear saturation of the Weibel instability
journal, November 2017

Cagas, P.; Hakim, A.; Scales, W.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1063/1.4994682

Kinetic saturation of the Weibel instability in a collisionless plasma
journal, June 1998

Califano, F.; Pegoraro, F.; Bulanov, S. V.
Physical Review E, Vol. 57, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.57.7048

Nonlinear Development of Electromagnetic Instabilities in Anisotropic Plasmas
journal, January 1972

Davidson, Ronald C.
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 15, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1063/1.1693910

Three-dimensional Weibel instability in astrophysical scenarios
journal, May 2003

Fonseca, Ricardo A.; Silva, Luı́s O.; Tonge, John W.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 10, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.1556605

Filamentation Instability of Counterstreaming Laser-Driven Plasmas
journal, November 2013

Fox, W.; Fiksel, G.; Bhattacharjee, A.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 22
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.225002

Magnetic Field Generation in Collisionless Shocks: Pattern Growth and Transport
journal, May 2004

Frederiksen, J. Trier; Hededal, C. B.; Haugbølle, T.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 608, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1086/421262

Mechanism for Instability of Transverse Plasma Waves
journal, January 1959

Fried, Burton D.
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 2, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1063/1.1705933

Non-Fermi Power-Law Acceleration in Astrophysical Plasma Shocks
journal, November 2004

Hededal, C. B.; Haugbølle, T.; Frederiksen, J. Trier
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 617, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1086/427387

Observation of magnetic field generation via the Weibel instability in interpenetrating plasma flows
journal, January 2015

Huntington, C. M.; Fiuza, F.; Ross, J. S.
Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1038/nphys3178

Discontinuous Galerkin algorithms for fully kinetic plasmas
journal, January 2018

Juno, J.; Hakim, A.; TenBarge, J.
Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 353
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcp.2017.10.009

Nonrelativistic Collisionless Shocks in Unmagnetized Electron-Ion Plasmas
journal, June 2008

Kato, Tsunehiko N.; Takabe, Hideaki
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 681, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1086/590387

Generation of a Small-Scale Quasi-Static Magnetic Field and Fast Particles during the Collision of Electron-Positron Plasma Clouds
journal, May 1998

Kazimura, Y.; Sakai, J. I.; Neubert, T.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 498, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1086/311316

Electron Heating in a Relativistic, Weibel-Unstable Plasma
journal, June 2015

Kumar, Rahul; Eichler, David; Gedalin, Michael
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 806, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/806/2/165

Cosmological Effects of Weibel-Type Instabilities
journal, March 2009

Lazar, M.; Schlickeiser, R.; Wielebinski, R.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 693, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/693/2/1133

Generation of Magnetic Fields in the Relativistic Shock of Gamma‐Ray Burst Sources
journal, December 1999

Medvedev, Mikhail V.; Loeb, Abraham
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 526, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1086/308038

Intergalactic shock acceleration and the cosmic gamma-ray background
journal, November 2002

Miniati, Francesco
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 337, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05903.x

Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Jets Due to Weibel Instability
journal, September 2003

Nishikawa, K. ‐I.; Hardee, P.; Richardson, G.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 595, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1086/377260

Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron‐Positron Relativistic Shocks
journal, April 2005

Nishikawa, K. ‐I.; Hardee, P.; Richardson, G.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 622, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1086/428394

Simulation studies of the magnetic field generation in cosmological plasmas
journal, September 2004

Sakai, Jun-Ichi; Schlickeiser, Reinhard; Shukla, P. K.
Physics Letters A, Vol. 330, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.08.007

Cosmological Magnetic Field Generation by the Weibel Instability
journal, December 2003

Schlickeiser, R.; Shukla, P. K.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 599, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1086/381246

Interpenetrating Plasma Shells: Near-Equipartition Magnetic Field Generation and Nonthermal Particle Acceleration
journal, September 2003

Silva, L. O.; Fonseca, R. A.; Tonge, J. W.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 596, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1086/379156

Magnetic Field Saturation of the Ion Weibel Instability in Interpenetrating Relativistic Plasmas
journal, June 2018

Takamoto, Makoto; Matsumoto, Yosuke; Kato, Tsunehiko N.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 860, Issue 1
DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aac6d6

Spontaneously Growing Transverse Waves in a Plasma Due to an Anisotropic Velocity Distribution
journal, February 1959

Weibel, Erich S.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 2, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.2.83

Weibel, Two-Stream, Filamentation, Oblique, Bell, Buneman... which one grows faster ?
text, January 2009

Bret, A.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.0903.2658

The serendipity family of finite elements
text, January 2011

Arnold, Douglas N.; Awanou, Gerard
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1101.0645

Electron Heating in a Relativistic, Weibel-Unstable Plasma
preprint, January 2015

Kumar, Rahul; Eichler, David; Gedalin, Michael
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1501.05466

Discontinuous Galerkin algorithms for fully kinetic plasmas
text, January 2017

Juno, J.; Hakim, A.; TenBarge, J.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1705.05407

Magnetic Field Saturation of the Ion Weibel Instability in Interpenetrating Relativistic Plasmas
text, January 2018

Takamoto, Makoto; Matsumoto, Yosuke; Kato, Tsunehiko N.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1805.07188

Inter-galactic Shock Acceleration and the Cosmic Gamma-ray Background
text, January 2002

Miniati, Francesco
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0203014

Interpenetrating plasma shells: near-equipartition magnetic field generation and non-thermal particle acceleration
text, January 2003

Silva, L. O.; Fonseca, R. A.; Tonge, J.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0307500

Non-Fermi Power law Acceleration in Astrophysical Plasma Shocks
text, January 2004

Hededal, C. B.; Haugboelle, T.; Frederiksen, J. Trier
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0408558

Works referencing / citing this record:

ViDA: a Vlasov-DArwin solver for plasma physics at electron scales
text, January 2019

Pezzi, Oreste; Cozzani, Giulia; Califano, Francesco
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1905.02953

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Nonlinear saturation of the Weibel instability

Journal Article Cagas, P. ; Hakim, A. ; Scales, W. ; ... - Physics of Plasmas

The growth and saturation of magnetic fields due to the Weibel instability (WI) have important implications for laboratory and astrophysical plasmas, and this has drawn significant interest recently. Since the WI can generate a large magnetic field from no initial field, the maximum magnitudes achieved can have significant consequences for a number of applications. Hence, an understanding of the detailed dynamics driving the nonlinear saturation of the WI is important. This work considers the nonlinear saturation of the WI when counter-streaming populations of initially unmagnetized electrons are perturbed by a magnetic field oriented perpendicular to the direction of streaming. Previousmore »« less
Cited by 15
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4994682

Full Text Available
Cumulative effect of the Weibel-type instabilities in symmetric counterstreaming plasmas with kappa anisotropies

Journal Article Lazar, M ; Schlickeiser, R ; Shukla, P K - Physics of Plasmas

Counterstreaming plasma structures are ubiquitous in laboratory experiments and astrophysical systems, and they are investigated either to prevent unstable modes arising in beam-plasma experiments or to prove the existence of large scale magnetic fields in astrophysical objects. Filamentation instability arises in a counterstreaming plasma and is responsible for the magnetization of the plasma. A filamentationally unstable mode is described by assuming two symmetric counterstreaming plasmas, each with an isotropic Lorentzian (kappa) distribution. In this case, the filamentation instability growth rate can reach a maximum value markedly larger than that for a plasma with a Maxwellian distribution function. This behavior ismore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2896232
Understanding the saturation of proton-driven Weibel instabilities and implications for astrophysics

Journal Article Ren, Chuang ; Blackman, Eric G ; Fong, Wen-fai ; ... - Physics of Plasmas

The linear growth rate and saturation level of magnetic fields for Weibel instabilities driven by ion temperature anisotropy, defined as {alpha}=(T{sub perpendicular}/T{sub parallel})-1 where T{sub perpendicular} and T{sub parallel} are ion temperatures perpendicular and parallel to the wave vector, are derived in the small {alpha} limit. It is shown that the ratio of the saturated magnetic energy to the initial ion energy scales as the fourth power of the electron to ion mass ratio, m/M, for an initially unmagnetized plasma with {alpha}{<=}M/m. Particle-in-cell simulations confirm the mass scaling and also show that the electron energy gain is of the samemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2409606
Steady-State Electrostatic Layers From Weibel Instability in Relativistic Collisionless Shocks

Technical Report Milosavljevic, Milos ; Nakar, Ehud ; /Caltech ; ...

It is generally accepted that magnetic fields generated in the nonlinear development of the transverse Weibel instability provide effective collisionality in unmagnetized collisionless shocks. Recently, extensive two and three dimensional simulations improved our understanding of the growth and saturation of the instability in colliding plasma shells. However, the steady-state structure of the shock wave transition layers remains poorly understood. We use basic physical considerations and order-of-magnitude arguments to study the steady state structure in relativistic unmagnetized collisionless shocks in pair plasmas. The shock contains an electrostatic layer resulting from the formation of stationary, magnetically-focused current filaments. The filaments form wheremore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/878827

Full Text Available
ELECTRON HEATING IN A RELATIVISTIC, WEIBEL-UNSTABLE PLASMA

Journal Article Kumar, Rahul ; Eichler, David ; Gedalin, Michael - Astrophysical Journal

The dynamics of two initially unmagnetized relativistic counter-streaming homogeneous ion–electron plasma beams are simulated in two dimensions (2D) using the particle-in-cell (PIC) method. It is shown that current filaments, which form due to the Weibel instability, develop a large-scale longitudinal electric field in the direction opposite to the current carried by the filaments as predicted by theory. This field, which is partially inductive and partially electrostatic, is identified as the main source of net electron acceleration, greatly exceeding that due to magnetic field decay at later stages. The transverse electric field, although larger than the longitudinal field, is shown tomore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/806/2/165

Similar Records

Title: Temperature-dependent Saturation of Weibel-type Instabilities in Counter-streaming Plasmas

Abstract

Citation Formats

The Serendipity Family of Finite Elements journal, March 2011

Weibel, Two-Stream, Filamentation, Oblique, Bell, Buneman...Which one Grows Faster? journal, June 2009

Nonlinear saturation of the Weibel instability journal, November 2017

Kinetic saturation of the Weibel instability in a collisionless plasma journal, June 1998

Nonlinear Development of Electromagnetic Instabilities in Anisotropic Plasmas journal, January 1972

Three-dimensional Weibel instability in astrophysical scenarios journal, May 2003

Filamentation Instability of Counterstreaming Laser-Driven Plasmas journal, November 2013

Magnetic Field Generation in Collisionless Shocks: Pattern Growth and Transport journal, May 2004

Mechanism for Instability of Transverse Plasma Waves journal, January 1959

Non-Fermi Power-Law Acceleration in Astrophysical Plasma Shocks journal, November 2004

Observation of magnetic field generation via the Weibel instability in interpenetrating plasma flows journal, January 2015

Discontinuous Galerkin algorithms for fully kinetic plasmas journal, January 2018

Nonrelativistic Collisionless Shocks in Unmagnetized Electron-Ion Plasmas journal, June 2008

Generation of a Small-Scale Quasi-Static Magnetic Field and Fast Particles during the Collision of Electron-Positron Plasma Clouds journal, May 1998

Electron Heating in a Relativistic, Weibel-Unstable Plasma journal, June 2015

Cosmological Effects of Weibel-Type Instabilities journal, March 2009

Generation of Magnetic Fields in the Relativistic Shock of Gamma‐Ray Burst Sources journal, December 1999

Intergalactic shock acceleration and the cosmic gamma-ray background journal, November 2002

Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Jets Due to Weibel Instability journal, September 2003

Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron‐Positron Relativistic Shocks journal, April 2005

Simulation studies of the magnetic field generation in cosmological plasmas journal, September 2004

Cosmological Magnetic Field Generation by the Weibel Instability journal, December 2003

Interpenetrating Plasma Shells: Near-Equipartition Magnetic Field Generation and Nonthermal Particle Acceleration journal, September 2003

Magnetic Field Saturation of the Ion Weibel Instability in Interpenetrating Relativistic Plasmas journal, June 2018

Spontaneously Growing Transverse Waves in a Plasma Due to an Anisotropic Velocity Distribution journal, February 1959

Weibel, Two-Stream, Filamentation, Oblique, Bell, Buneman... which one grows faster ? text, January 2009

The serendipity family of finite elements text, January 2011

Electron Heating in a Relativistic, Weibel-Unstable Plasma preprint, January 2015

Discontinuous Galerkin algorithms for fully kinetic plasmas text, January 2017

Magnetic Field Saturation of the Ion Weibel Instability in Interpenetrating Relativistic Plasmas text, January 2018

Inter-galactic Shock Acceleration and the Cosmic Gamma-ray Background text, January 2002

Interpenetrating plasma shells: near-equipartition magnetic field generation and non-thermal particle acceleration text, January 2003

Non-Fermi Power law Acceleration in Astrophysical Plasma Shocks text, January 2004

ViDA: a Vlasov-DArwin solver for plasma physics at electron scales text, January 2019

The Serendipity Family of Finite Elements
journal, March 2011

Weibel, Two-Stream, Filamentation, Oblique, Bell, Buneman...Which one Grows Faster?
journal, June 2009

Nonlinear saturation of the Weibel instability
journal, November 2017

Kinetic saturation of the Weibel instability in a collisionless plasma
journal, June 1998

Nonlinear Development of Electromagnetic Instabilities in Anisotropic Plasmas
journal, January 1972

Three-dimensional Weibel instability in astrophysical scenarios
journal, May 2003

Filamentation Instability of Counterstreaming Laser-Driven Plasmas
journal, November 2013

Magnetic Field Generation in Collisionless Shocks: Pattern Growth and Transport
journal, May 2004

Mechanism for Instability of Transverse Plasma Waves
journal, January 1959

Non-Fermi Power-Law Acceleration in Astrophysical Plasma Shocks
journal, November 2004

Observation of magnetic field generation via the Weibel instability in interpenetrating plasma flows
journal, January 2015

Discontinuous Galerkin algorithms for fully kinetic plasmas
journal, January 2018

Nonrelativistic Collisionless Shocks in Unmagnetized Electron-Ion Plasmas
journal, June 2008

Generation of a Small-Scale Quasi-Static Magnetic Field and Fast Particles during the Collision of Electron-Positron Plasma Clouds
journal, May 1998

Electron Heating in a Relativistic, Weibel-Unstable Plasma
journal, June 2015

Cosmological Effects of Weibel-Type Instabilities
journal, March 2009

Generation of Magnetic Fields in the Relativistic Shock of Gamma‐Ray Burst Sources
journal, December 1999

Intergalactic shock acceleration and the cosmic gamma-ray background
journal, November 2002

Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Jets Due to Weibel Instability
journal, September 2003

Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron‐Positron Relativistic Shocks
journal, April 2005

Simulation studies of the magnetic field generation in cosmological plasmas
journal, September 2004

Cosmological Magnetic Field Generation by the Weibel Instability
journal, December 2003

Interpenetrating Plasma Shells: Near-Equipartition Magnetic Field Generation and Nonthermal Particle Acceleration
journal, September 2003

Magnetic Field Saturation of the Ion Weibel Instability in Interpenetrating Relativistic Plasmas
journal, June 2018

Spontaneously Growing Transverse Waves in a Plasma Due to an Anisotropic Velocity Distribution
journal, February 1959

Weibel, Two-Stream, Filamentation, Oblique, Bell, Buneman... which one grows faster ?
text, January 2009

The serendipity family of finite elements
text, January 2011

Electron Heating in a Relativistic, Weibel-Unstable Plasma
preprint, January 2015

Discontinuous Galerkin algorithms for fully kinetic plasmas
text, January 2017

Magnetic Field Saturation of the Ion Weibel Instability in Interpenetrating Relativistic Plasmas
text, January 2018

Inter-galactic Shock Acceleration and the Cosmic Gamma-ray Background
text, January 2002

Interpenetrating plasma shells: near-equipartition magnetic field generation and non-thermal particle acceleration
text, January 2003

Non-Fermi Power law Acceleration in Astrophysical Plasma Shocks
text, January 2004

ViDA: a Vlasov-DArwin solver for plasma physics at electron scales
text, January 2019