Indole-3-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase-dependent auxin synthesis contributes to virulence of Pseudomonas syringae strain DC3000
Abstract
The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae modulates plant hormone signaling to promote infection and disease development. P. syringae uses several strategies to manipulate auxin physiology in Arabidopsis thaliana to promote pathogenesis, including its synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the predominant form of auxin in plants, and production of virulence factors that alter auxin responses in the host; however, the role of pathogen-derived auxin in P. syringae pathogenesis is not well understood. Here we demonstrate that P. syringae strain DC3000 produces IAA via a previously uncharacterized pathway and identify a novel indole-3-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, AldA, that functions in IAA biosynthesis by catalyzing the NAD-dependent formation of IAA from indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld). Biochemical analysis and solving of the 1.9 Å resolution x-ray crystal structure reveal key features of AldA for IAA synthesis, including the molecular basis of substrate specificity. Disruption of aldA and a close homolog, aldB, lead to reduced IAA production in culture and reduced virulence on A. thaliana. We use these mutants to explore the mechanism by which pathogen-derived auxin contributes to virulence and show that IAA produced by DC3000 suppresses salicylic acid-mediated defenses in A. thaliana. Thus, auxin is a DC3000 virulence factor that promotes pathogenicity by suppressing host defenses.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
- Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States)
- The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1498334
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357; IOS-1030250; IOS-1645908; DBI-1427621
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- PLoS Pathogens
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 14; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1553-7374
- Publisher:
- Public Library of Science
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Pseudomonas syringae; auxins; plant bacterial pathogens; plant pathogens; Arabidopsis thaliana; aldehydes; crystal structure; pathogenesis
Citation Formats
McClerklin, Sheri A., Lee, Soon Goo, Harper, Christopher P., Nwumeh, Ron, Jez, Joseph M., Kunkel, Barbara N., and Mackey, David. Indole-3-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase-dependent auxin synthesis contributes to virulence of Pseudomonas syringae strain DC3000. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006811.
McClerklin, Sheri A., Lee, Soon Goo, Harper, Christopher P., Nwumeh, Ron, Jez, Joseph M., Kunkel, Barbara N., & Mackey, David. Indole-3-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase-dependent auxin synthesis contributes to virulence of Pseudomonas syringae strain DC3000. United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006811
McClerklin, Sheri A., Lee, Soon Goo, Harper, Christopher P., Nwumeh, Ron, Jez, Joseph M., Kunkel, Barbara N., and Mackey, David. Tue .
"Indole-3-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase-dependent auxin synthesis contributes to virulence of Pseudomonas syringae strain DC3000". United States. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006811. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1498334.
@article{osti_1498334,
title = {Indole-3-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase-dependent auxin synthesis contributes to virulence of Pseudomonas syringae strain DC3000},
author = {McClerklin, Sheri A. and Lee, Soon Goo and Harper, Christopher P. and Nwumeh, Ron and Jez, Joseph M. and Kunkel, Barbara N. and Mackey, David},
abstractNote = {The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae modulates plant hormone signaling to promote infection and disease development. P. syringae uses several strategies to manipulate auxin physiology in Arabidopsis thaliana to promote pathogenesis, including its synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the predominant form of auxin in plants, and production of virulence factors that alter auxin responses in the host; however, the role of pathogen-derived auxin in P. syringae pathogenesis is not well understood. Here we demonstrate that P. syringae strain DC3000 produces IAA via a previously uncharacterized pathway and identify a novel indole-3-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, AldA, that functions in IAA biosynthesis by catalyzing the NAD-dependent formation of IAA from indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld). Biochemical analysis and solving of the 1.9 Å resolution x-ray crystal structure reveal key features of AldA for IAA synthesis, including the molecular basis of substrate specificity. Disruption of aldA and a close homolog, aldB, lead to reduced IAA production in culture and reduced virulence on A. thaliana. We use these mutants to explore the mechanism by which pathogen-derived auxin contributes to virulence and show that IAA produced by DC3000 suppresses salicylic acid-mediated defenses in A. thaliana. Thus, auxin is a DC3000 virulence factor that promotes pathogenicity by suppressing host defenses.},
doi = {10.1371/journal.ppat.1006811},
journal = {PLoS Pathogens},
number = 1,
volume = 14,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jan 02 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Tue Jan 02 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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