Genome-Wide Characterization of Arabian Peninsula Populations: Shedding Light on the History of a Fundamental Bridge between Continents

Fernandes, Veronica; Brucato, Nicolas; Ferreira, Joana C.; Pedro, Nicole; Cavadas, Bruno; Ricaut, François-Xavier; Alshamali, Farida; Pereira, Luisa; Mulligan, ed., Connie

doi:10.1093/molbev/msz005

Title: Genome-Wide Characterization of Arabian Peninsula Populations: Shedding Light on the History of a Fundamental Bridge between Continents

Journal Article · 20 January 2019 · Molecular Biology and Evolution

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz005 · OSTI ID:1496514

^[1]; Brucato, Nicolas ^[2]; Ferreira, Joana C. ^[3]; Pedro, Nicole ^[1]; Cavadas, Bruno ^[1]; Ricaut, François-Xavier ^[2]; Alshamali, Farida ^[4]; Pereira, Luisa ^[5]; Mulligan, ed., Connie

i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, IPATIMUP – Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS. 118 route de Narbonne, Bat 4R1, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, IPATIMUP – Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Dubai Police General Headquarters, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, IPATIMUP – Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

Abstract The Arabian Peninsula (AP) was an important crossroad between Africa, Asia, and Europe, being the cradle of the structure defining these main human population groups, and a continuing path for their admixture. The screening of 741,000 variants in 420 Arabians and 80 Iranians allowed us to quantify the dominant sub-Saharan African admixture in the west of the peninsula, whereas South Asian and Levantine/European influence was stronger in the east, leading to a rift between western and eastern sides of the Peninsula. Dating of the admixture events indicated that Indian Ocean slave trade and Islamization periods were important moments in the genetic makeup of the region. The western–eastern axis was also observable in terms of positive selection of diversity conferring lactose tolerance, with the West AP developing local adaptation and the East AP acquiring the derived allele selected in European populations and existing in South Asia. African selected malaria resistance through the DARC gene was enriched in all Arabian genomes, especially in the western part. Clear European influences associated with skin and eye color were equally frequent across the Peninsula.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Supply Chain

OSTI ID:: 1496514

Journal Information:: Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Name: Molecular Biology and Evolution Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 36; ISSN 0737-4038

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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