Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi2Se3

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08559-6

Title: Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi ₂Se ₃

Abstract

Topology-protected surface transport of ultimate thinness in three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) is breaking new ground in quantum science and technology. Yet a challenge remains on how to disentangle and selectively control surface helical spin transport from the bulk contribution. Here we use the mid-infrared and terahertz (THz) photoexcitation of exclusive intraband transitions to enable ultrafast manipulation of surface THz conductivity in Bi ₂Se ₃. The unique, transient electronic state is characterized by frequency-dependent carrier relaxations that directly distinguish the faster surface channel than the bulk with no complication from interband excitations or need for reduced bulk doping. We determine the topological enhancement ratio between bulk and surface scattering rates, i.e., γ _BS/γ _SS ~3.80 in equilibrium. As a result, the ultra-broadband, wavelength-selective pumping may be applied to emerging topological semimetals for separation and control of the protected transport connected with the Weyl nodes from other bulk bands.

Authors:

Luo, L. ^[1];

^[1]; Liu, X. ^[2]; Liu, Z. ^[1];

^[1]; Cheng, D. ^[1]; Mootz, M. ^[3];

^[1];

^[1]; Wang, C. -Z. ^[1]; Ho, K. -M. ^[1]; Perakis, I. E. ^[3]; Dobrowolska, M. ^[2]; Furdyna, J. K. ^[2]; Wang, J. ^[1]

Ames Lab. and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN (United States)
Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL (United States)

Publication Date:: 2019-02-05

Research Org.:: Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1494932

Report Number(s):: IS-J-9887
Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11358

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nature Communications

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Luo, L., Yang, X., Liu, X., Liu, Z., Vaswani, C., Cheng, D., Mootz, M., Zhao, X., Yao, Y., Wang, C. -Z., Ho, K. -M., Perakis, I. E., Dobrowolska, M., Furdyna, J. K., and Wang, J. Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi2Se3.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
        Web.  doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08559-6.

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                    Luo, L., Yang, X., Liu, X., Liu, Z., Vaswani, C., Cheng, D., Mootz, M., Zhao, X., Yao, Y., Wang, C. -Z., Ho, K. -M., Perakis, I. E., Dobrowolska, M., Furdyna, J. K., & Wang, J. Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi2Se3.  United States.  doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08559-6.

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                    Luo, L., Yang, X., Liu, X., Liu, Z., Vaswani, C., Cheng, D., Mootz, M., Zhao, X., Yao, Y., Wang, C. -Z., Ho, K. -M., Perakis, I. E., Dobrowolska, M., Furdyna, J. K., and Wang, J. Tue .  
        "Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi2Se3".  United States.  doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08559-6.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1494932.

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@article{osti_1494932,

  title        = {Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi2Se3},

  author       = {Luo, L. and Yang, X. and Liu, X. and Liu, Z. and Vaswani, C. and Cheng, D. and Mootz, M. and Zhao, X. and Yao, Y. and Wang, C. -Z. and Ho, K. -M. and Perakis, I. E. and Dobrowolska, M. and Furdyna, J. K. and Wang, J.},

  abstractNote = {Topology-protected surface transport of ultimate thinness in three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) is breaking new ground in quantum science and technology. Yet a challenge remains on how to disentangle and selectively control surface helical spin transport from the bulk contribution. Here we use the mid-infrared and terahertz (THz) photoexcitation of exclusive intraband transitions to enable ultrafast manipulation of surface THz conductivity in Bi2Se3. The unique, transient electronic state is characterized by frequency-dependent carrier relaxations that directly distinguish the faster surface channel than the bulk with no complication from interband excitations or need for reduced bulk doping. We determine the topological enhancement ratio between bulk and surface scattering rates, i.e., γBS/γSS ~3.80 in equilibrium. As a result, the ultra-broadband, wavelength-selective pumping may be applied to emerging topological semimetals for separation and control of the protected transport connected with the Weyl nodes from other bulk bands.},

  doi          = {10.1038/s41467-019-08559-6},

  journal      = {Nature Communications},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 10,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {2}

}

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08559-6

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Works referenced in this record:

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Title: Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi 2Se 3

Abstract

Citation Formats

Z2 Topological Order and the Quantum Spin Hall Effect journal, September 2005

Colloquium: Topological insulators journal, November 2010

Quantum Oscillations and Hall Anomaly of Surface States in the Topological Insulator Bi2Te3 journal, July 2010

Topological insulators in Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 with a single Dirac cone on the surface journal, May 2009

A topological Dirac insulator in a quantum spin Hall phase journal, April 2008

The quantum spin Hall effect and topological insulators journal, January 2010

Topological invariants of time-reversal-invariant band structures journal, March 2007

Title: Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi ₂Se ₃

$Z_{2}$ Topological Order and the Quantum Spin Hall Effect
journal, September 2005

Colloquium: Topological insulators
journal, November 2010

Quantum Oscillations and Hall Anomaly of Surface States in the Topological Insulator Bi₂Te₃
journal, July 2010

Topological insulators in Bi₂Se₃, Bi₂Te₃ and Sb₂Te₃ with a single Dirac cone on the surface
journal, May 2009

A topological Dirac insulator in a quantum spin Hall phase
journal, April 2008

The quantum spin Hall effect and topological insulators
journal, January 2010

Topological invariants of time-reversal-invariant band structures
journal, March 2007