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Title: Analysis of broad-lined Type Ic supernovae from the (intermediate) Palomar Transient Factory

Abstract

Here, we study 34 Type Ic supernovae that have broad spectral features (SNe Ic-BL). This is the only SN type found in association with long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We obtained our photometric data with the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and its continuation, the intermediate PTF (iPTF). This is the first large, homogeneous sample of SNe Ic-BL from an untargeted survey. Furthermore, given the high observational cadence of iPTF, most of these SNe Ic-BL were discovered soon after explosion. We present K-corrected Bgriz light curves of these SNe, obtained through photometry on template-subtracted images. We analyzed the shape of the r-band light curves, finding a correlation between the decline parameter Δm15 and the rise parameter Δm-10. We studied the SN colors and, based on g-r, we estimated the host-galaxy extinction for each event. Peak r-band absolute magnitudes have an average of -18.6 ± 0.5 mag. We fit each r-band light curve with that of SN 1998bw (scaled and stretched) to derive the explosion epochs. We computed the bolometric light curves using bolometric corrections, r-band data, and g-r colors. Expansion velocities from Fe II were obtained by fitting spectral templates of SNe Ic. Bolometric light curves and velocities at peak were fittedmore » using the semianalytic Arnett model to estimate ejecta mass Mej, explosion energy EK and 56Ni mass M(56Ni) for each SN. We find average values of Mej = 4 ± 3 M, EK = (7 ± 6)×1051 erg, and M(56Ni)=0.31 ± 0.16 M. The parameter distributions were compared to those presented in the literature and are overall in agreement with them. We also estimated the degree of 56Ni mixing using scaling relations derived from hydrodynamical models and we find that all the SNe are strongly mixed. The derived explosion parameters imply that at least 21% of the progenitors of SNe Ic-BL are compatible with massive (> 28 M), possibly single stars, whereas at least 64% might come from less massive stars in close binary systems.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [7];  [2];  [2];  [9];  [2];  [10];  [1];  [11];  [12] more »;  [13] « less
  1. Stockholm Univ. (Sweden)
  2. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  3. Tel Aviv Univ. (Israel)
  4. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States); Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
  5. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  6. Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot (Israel)
  7. Las Cumbres Observatory, Goleta, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
  8. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States)
  9. Stockholm Univ. (Sweden); California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  10. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  11. Liverpool John Moores Univ. (United Kingdom)
  12. San Diego State Univ., CA (United States); Univ. of Tokyo (Japan)
  13. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Samba TV, San Francisco, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR)
OSTI Identifier:
1494110
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 621; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-6361
Publisher:
EDP Sciences
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; supernovae: general

Citation Formats

Taddia, F., Sollerman, J., Fremling, C., Barbarino, C., Karamehmetoglu, E., Arcavi, I., Cenko, S. B., Filippenko, A. V., Gal-Yam, A., Hiramatsu, D., Hosseinzadeh, G., Howell, D. A., Kulkarni, S. R., Laher, R., Lunnan, R., Masci, F., Nugent, P. E., Nyholm, A., Perley, D. A., Quimby, R., and Silverman, J. M. Analysis of broad-lined Type Ic supernovae from the (intermediate) Palomar Transient Factory. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834429.
Taddia, F., Sollerman, J., Fremling, C., Barbarino, C., Karamehmetoglu, E., Arcavi, I., Cenko, S. B., Filippenko, A. V., Gal-Yam, A., Hiramatsu, D., Hosseinzadeh, G., Howell, D. A., Kulkarni, S. R., Laher, R., Lunnan, R., Masci, F., Nugent, P. E., Nyholm, A., Perley, D. A., Quimby, R., & Silverman, J. M. Analysis of broad-lined Type Ic supernovae from the (intermediate) Palomar Transient Factory. United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834429
Taddia, F., Sollerman, J., Fremling, C., Barbarino, C., Karamehmetoglu, E., Arcavi, I., Cenko, S. B., Filippenko, A. V., Gal-Yam, A., Hiramatsu, D., Hosseinzadeh, G., Howell, D. A., Kulkarni, S. R., Laher, R., Lunnan, R., Masci, F., Nugent, P. E., Nyholm, A., Perley, D. A., Quimby, R., and Silverman, J. M. Thu . "Analysis of broad-lined Type Ic supernovae from the (intermediate) Palomar Transient Factory". United States. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834429. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1494110.
@article{osti_1494110,
title = {Analysis of broad-lined Type Ic supernovae from the (intermediate) Palomar Transient Factory},
author = {Taddia, F. and Sollerman, J. and Fremling, C. and Barbarino, C. and Karamehmetoglu, E. and Arcavi, I. and Cenko, S. B. and Filippenko, A. V. and Gal-Yam, A. and Hiramatsu, D. and Hosseinzadeh, G. and Howell, D. A. and Kulkarni, S. R. and Laher, R. and Lunnan, R. and Masci, F. and Nugent, P. E. and Nyholm, A. and Perley, D. A. and Quimby, R. and Silverman, J. M.},
abstractNote = {Here, we study 34 Type Ic supernovae that have broad spectral features (SNe Ic-BL). This is the only SN type found in association with long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We obtained our photometric data with the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and its continuation, the intermediate PTF (iPTF). This is the first large, homogeneous sample of SNe Ic-BL from an untargeted survey. Furthermore, given the high observational cadence of iPTF, most of these SNe Ic-BL were discovered soon after explosion. We present K-corrected Bgriz light curves of these SNe, obtained through photometry on template-subtracted images. We analyzed the shape of the r-band light curves, finding a correlation between the decline parameter Δm15 and the rise parameter Δm-10. We studied the SN colors and, based on g-r, we estimated the host-galaxy extinction for each event. Peak r-band absolute magnitudes have an average of -18.6 ± 0.5 mag. We fit each r-band light curve with that of SN 1998bw (scaled and stretched) to derive the explosion epochs. We computed the bolometric light curves using bolometric corrections, r-band data, and g-r colors. Expansion velocities from Fe II were obtained by fitting spectral templates of SNe Ic. Bolometric light curves and velocities at peak were fitted using the semianalytic Arnett model to estimate ejecta mass Mej, explosion energy EK and 56Ni mass M(56Ni) for each SN. We find average values of Mej = 4 ± 3 M⊙, EK = (7 ± 6)×1051 erg, and M(56Ni)=0.31 ± 0.16 M⊙. The parameter distributions were compared to those presented in the literature and are overall in agreement with them. We also estimated the degree of 56Ni mixing using scaling relations derived from hydrodynamical models and we find that all the SNe are strongly mixed. The derived explosion parameters imply that at least 21% of the progenitors of SNe Ic-BL are compatible with massive (> 28 M⊙), possibly single stars, whereas at least 64% might come from less massive stars in close binary systems.},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201834429},
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
number = ,
volume = 621,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2019},
month = {Thu Jan 10 00:00:00 EST 2019}
}

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  • Prentice, S. J.; Ashall, C.; Mazzali, P. A.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 478, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty1223

SDSS J150634.27+013331.6: the second compact elliptical galaxy in the NGC 5846 group★: The 2nd cE galaxy in the NGC 5846 group
journal, April 2010


ASASSN-16fp (SN 2016coi): a transitional supernova between Type Ic and broad-lined Ic
journal, September 2017

  • Kumar, Brajesh; Singh, A.; Srivastav, S.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 473, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx2498

The bolometric light curves and physical parameters of stripped-envelope supernovae
journal, February 2016

  • Prentice, S. J.; Mazzali, P. A.; Pian, E.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 458, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw299

THE BROAD-LINED Type Ic SN 2012ap AND THE NATURE OF RELATIVISTIC SUPERNOVAE LACKING A GAMMA-RAY BURST DETECTION
journal, January 2015


Multi-Color Optical and Near-Infrared Light Curves of 64 Stripped-Envelope Core-Collapse Supernovae
journal, July 2014

  • Bianco, F. B.; Modjaz, M.; Hicken, M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 213, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/213/2/19

Determining the Type, Redshift, and Age of a Supernova Spectrum
journal, September 2007

  • Blondin, Stephane; Tonry, John L.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 666, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/520494

Multidimensional Simulations for Early-Phase Spectra of Aspherical Hypernovae: SN 1998bw and Off-Axis Hypernovae
journal, September 2007

  • Tanaka, Masaomi; Maeda, Keiichi; Mazzali, Paolo A.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 668, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/522671

Hydrogen-poor superluminous stellar explosions
journal, June 2011

  • Quimby, R. M.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Kasliwal, M. M.
  • Nature, Vol. 474, Issue 7352
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature10095

Monte Carlo simulations of supernova light curves and the hypernova SN 1998bw
journal, December 2000


Spectra of Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Palomar Transient Factory
journal, February 2018

  • Quimby, Robert M.; Cia, Annalisa De; Gal-Yam, Avishay
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 855, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaac2f

Optical follow-up observations of PTF10qts, a luminous broad-lined Type Ic supernova found by the Palomar Transient Factory
journal, June 2014

  • Walker, E. S.; Mazzali, P. A.; Pian, E.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 442, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu1017

Light Curves of Core-Collapse Supernovae with Substantial mass loss Using the new Open-Source Supernova Explosion code (Snec)
journal, November 2015

  • Morozova, Viktoriya; Piro, Anthony L.; Renzo, Mathieu
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 814, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/63

Evidence for Magnetar Formation in Broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae1998bw and 2002ap
journal, March 2017


The Supernova–Gamma-Ray Burst Connection
journal, September 1998

  • Wang, Lifan; Wheeler, J. Craig
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 504, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/311580

SN 2009bb: A PECULIAR BROAD-LINED TYPE Ic SUPERNOVA,
text, January 2011

  • Wojtek, Krzeminski,; Sergio, González,; Giuliano, Pignata,
  • The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
  • DOI: 10.17615/5wbz-4z54

The diversity of Type II supernova versus the similarity in their progenitors
text, January 2016

  • Valenti, S.; Howell, Da; Md, Stritzinger,
  • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
  • DOI: 10.17863/cam.734

The Supernova Gamma-Ray Burst Connection
conference, January 2006

  • Woosley, S. E.
  • GAMMA-RAY BURSTS IN THE SWIFT ERA: Sixteenth Maryland Astrophysics Conference, AIP Conference Proceedings
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2207927

Determining the Type, Redshift, and Age of a Supernova Spectrum
text, January 2007


The Palomar Transient Factory: System Overview, Performance and First Results
text, January 2009


Hydrogen-poor superluminous stellar explosions
text, January 2009


Evidence for a compact Wolf-Rayet progenitor for the Type Ic supernova PTF 10vgv
text, January 2011


The Palomar Transient Factory photometric calibration
text, January 2011


A Spectroscopic Study of Type Ibc Supernova Host Galaxies from Untargeted Surveys
text, January 2012


Absolute-Magnitude Distributions of Supernovae
text, January 2014


Early-time light curves of Type Ib/c supernovae from the SDSS-II Supernova Survey
text, January 2014


Cosmological Parameters From Supernovae Associated With Gamma-ray Bursts
text, January 2014


A very luminous magnetar-powered supernova associated with an ultra-long gamma-ray burst
text, January 2015


Proper image subtraction - optimal transient detection, photometry and hypothesis testing
text, January 2016


The bolometric light curves and physical parameters of stripped-envelope supernovae
text, January 2016


Hydrogen-Poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey
text, January 2017


SN 2016coi/ASASSN-16fp: An example of residual helium in a type Ic supernova?
text, January 2017


Spectra of Hydrogen-Poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Palomar Transient Factory
text, January 2018


A Two-Component Model for the Light Curves of Hypernovae
text, January 2003


The Progenitor Stars of Gamma-Ray Bursts
text, January 2005


Optical Emission from Aspherical Supernovae and the Hypernova SN 1998bw
text, January 2005


The Supernova Gamma-Ray Burst Connection
text, January 2006


Correcting for the Effects of Interstellar Extinction
text, January 1998


Works referencing / citing this record:

New regimes in the observation of core-collapse supernovae
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A meta-analysis of core-collapse supernova 56 Ni masses
journal, July 2019


Type Ic supernova of a 22 M⊙ progenitor
journal, January 2020

  • Teffs, Jacob; Ertl, Thomas; Mazzali, Paolo
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa123

Constraints on the Environment and Energetics of the Broad-line Ic SN2014ad from Deep Radio and X-Ray Observations
journal, July 2019


Three-dimensional Hydrodynamic Simulations of Supernova Ejecta with a Central Energy Source
journal, August 2019


Evidence for Late-stage Eruptive Mass Loss in the Progenitor to SN2018gep, a Broad-lined Ic Supernova: Pre-explosion Emission and a Rapidly Rising Luminous Transient
journal, December 2019

  • Ho, Anna Y. Q.; Goldstein, Daniel A.; Schulze, Steve
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab55ec

New Regimes in the Observation of Core-Collapse Supernovae
preprint, January 2019