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Title: In Situ Observations of Phase Changes in Shock Compressed Forsterite

Abstract

Shockwave data on mineral–forming compounds such as Mg2SiO4 are essential for understanding the interiors of Earth and other planets, but correct interpretation of these data depends on knowing the phase assemblage being probed at high pressure. Furthermore, direct observations of the phase or phases making up the measured states along the forsterite Hugoniot are essential to assess whether kinetic factors inhibit the achievement of the expected equilibrium, phase–separated assemblage. Previous shock recovery experiments on forsterite, which has orthorhombic space group Pbnm, show discrepant results as to whether forsterite undergoes segregation into its equilibrium phase assemblage of compositionally distinct structures upon shock compression. Here we present the results of plate impact experiments on polycrystalline forsterite conducted at the Dynamic Compression Sector of the Advanced Photon Source. In situ X–ray diffraction measurements were used to probe the crystal structure(s) in the shock state and to investigate potential decomposition into periclase and bridgmanite. In contrast to previous interpretations of the forsterite shock Hugoniot, we find that forsterite does not decompose but instead reaches the forsterite III structure, which is a metastable structure of Mg2SiO4 with orthorhombic space group Cmc21.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [2];  [4];  [2];  [3];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  2. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  3. Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
  4. Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV (United States)
  5. Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY (United States)
  6. Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). Inst. for Shock Physics
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP)
OSTI Identifier:
1493746
Grant/Contract Number:  
NA0002442
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Geophysical Research Letters
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 45; Journal Issue: 16; Journal ID: ISSN 0094-8276
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
58 GEOSCIENCES; forsterite; shock compression; x‐ray diffraction

Citation Formats

Newman, M. G., Kraus, R. G., Akin, M. C., Bernier, J. V., Dillman, A. M., Homel, M. A., Lee, S., Lind, J., Mosenfelder, J. L., Pagan, D. C., Sinclair, N. W., and Asimow, P. D. In Situ Observations of Phase Changes in Shock Compressed Forsterite. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1029/2018GL077996.
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Newman, M. G., Kraus, R. G., Akin, M. C., Bernier, J. V., Dillman, A. M., Homel, M. A., Lee, S., Lind, J., Mosenfelder, J. L., Pagan, D. C., Sinclair, N. W., & Asimow, P. D. In Situ Observations of Phase Changes in Shock Compressed Forsterite. United States. doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077996
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Newman, M. G., Kraus, R. G., Akin, M. C., Bernier, J. V., Dillman, A. M., Homel, M. A., Lee, S., Lind, J., Mosenfelder, J. L., Pagan, D. C., Sinclair, N. W., and Asimow, P. D. Wed . "In Situ Observations of Phase Changes in Shock Compressed Forsterite". United States. doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077996. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1493746.
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@article{osti_1493746,
title = {In Situ Observations of Phase Changes in Shock Compressed Forsterite},
author = {Newman, M. G. and Kraus, R. G. and Akin, M. C. and Bernier, J. V. and Dillman, A. M. and Homel, M. A. and Lee, S. and Lind, J. and Mosenfelder, J. L. and Pagan, D. C. and Sinclair, N. W. and Asimow, P. D.},
abstractNote = {Shockwave data on mineral–forming compounds such as Mg2SiO4 are essential for understanding the interiors of Earth and other planets, but correct interpretation of these data depends on knowing the phase assemblage being probed at high pressure. Furthermore, direct observations of the phase or phases making up the measured states along the forsterite Hugoniot are essential to assess whether kinetic factors inhibit the achievement of the expected equilibrium, phase–separated assemblage. Previous shock recovery experiments on forsterite, which has orthorhombic space group Pbnm, show discrepant results as to whether forsterite undergoes segregation into its equilibrium phase assemblage of compositionally distinct structures upon shock compression. Here we present the results of plate impact experiments on polycrystalline forsterite conducted at the Dynamic Compression Sector of the Advanced Photon Source. In situ X–ray diffraction measurements were used to probe the crystal structure(s) in the shock state and to investigate potential decomposition into periclase and bridgmanite. In contrast to previous interpretations of the forsterite shock Hugoniot, we find that forsterite does not decompose but instead reaches the forsterite III structure, which is a metastable structure of Mg2SiO4 with orthorhombic space group Cmc21.},
doi = {10.1029/2018GL077996},
journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
number = 16,
volume = 45,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {7}
}
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DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077996
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Direct observation of the hcp-bcc phase transition and melting along the principal Hugoniot of Mg
    journal, January 2020

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