Title: Cloud-Resolving Model Intercomparison of an MC3E Squall Line Case: Part II. Stratiform Precipitation Properties

Abstract

In this second part of a cloud microphysics scheme intercomparison study, we focus on biases and variabilities of stratiform precipitation properties for a midlatitude squall line event simulated with a cloud-resolving model implemented with eight cloud microphysics schemes. Most of the microphysics schemes underestimate total stratiform precipitation, mainly due to underestimation of stratiform precipitation area. All schemes underestimate the frequency of moderate stratiform rain rates (2–6 mm/hr), which may result from low-biased ice number and mass concentrations for 0.2–2-mm diameter particles in the stratiform ice region. Most simulations overestimate ice water content (IWC) at altitudes above 7 km for temperatures colder than -20 °C but produce a decrease of IWC approaching the melting level, which is opposite to the trend shown by in situ observations. This leads to general underestimations of stratiform IWC below 5-km altitude and rainwater content above 1-km altitude for a given rain rate. Stratiform precipitation area positively correlates with the convective condensate detrainment flux but is modulated by hydrometeor type, size, and fall speed. Stratiform precipitation area also changes by up to 17%–25% through alterations of the lateral boundary condition forcing frequency. Stratiform precipitation, rain rate, and area across the simulations vary by a factor ofmore » 1.5. This large variability is primarily a result of variability in the stratiform downward ice mass flux, which is highly correlated with convective condensate horizontal detrainment strength. The variability of simulated local microphysical processes in the stratiform region plays a secondary role in explaining variability in simulated stratiform rainfall properties.« less

Authors:

Han, Bin  ^[1];

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Fan, Jiwen  ^[2];

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Varble, Adam  ^[3];

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Morrison, Hugh  ^[4];

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Williams, Christopher R.  ^[5];

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Chen, Baojun  ^[6];

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Dong, Xiquan  ^[7];

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Giangrande, Scott E.  ^[8];

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Khain, Alexander  ^[9];

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Mansell, Edward  ^[10];

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Milbrandt, Jason A. ^[11]; Shpund, Jacob ^[9]; Thompson, Gregory  ^[4]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing China, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA USA
2. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA USA
3. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA USA, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City UT USA
4. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder CO USA
5. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder CO USA
6. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing China
7. Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson Arizona USA
8. Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY USA
9. The Institute of the Earth Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem Israel
10. NOAA/OAR/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman OK USA
11. Meteorological Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval Canada

Publication Date:

Tue Jan 29 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); Nanjing Univ. (China); Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem (Israel)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Basic Research Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Israel Science Foundation

OSTI Identifier:

1492883

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1492884; OSTI ID: 1501558

Report Number(s):

BNL-211404-2019-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2169-897X

Grant/Contract Number:  

SC0012704; AC06-76RL01830; AC02-05CH11231; SC0008678; SC0008648; SC0016476; SC0017015; SC0008811; 2013CB430105; 41575130; 41775132; 2027/17

Resource Type:

Published Article

Journal Name:

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Journal Volume: 124 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-897X

Publisher:

American Geophysical Union

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; model intercomparison; squall line; stratiform precipitation; microphysics parameterization