Detecting the undetectable: The role of trace surfactant in the Jones-Ray effect

Duignan, Timothy T.; Peng, Mengsu; Nguyen, Anh V.; Zhao, X. S.; Baer, Marcel D.; Mundy, Christopher J.

doi:10.1063/1.5050421

Title: Detecting the undetectable: The role of trace surfactant in the Jones-Ray effect

Journal Article · 15 November 2018 · Journal of Chemical Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5050421 · OSTI ID:1492307

^[1]; Peng, Mengsu ^[2];

^[2];

^[2]; Baer, Marcel D. ^[3];

^[4]

Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane (Australia); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane (Australia)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

We report the surface tension of dilute salt water is a fundamental property that is crucial to understanding the complexity of many aqueous phase processes. Small ions are known to be repelled from the air-water surface leading to an increase in the surface tension in accordance with the Gibbs adsorption isotherm. The Jones-Ray effect refers to the observation that at extremely low salt concentration the surface tension decreases in apparent contradiction with thermodynamics. Determining the mechanism that is responsible for this Jones-Ray effect is important for theoretically predicting the distribution of ions near surfaces. Here we use both experimental surface tension measurements and numerical solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation to demonstrate that very low concentrations of surfactant in water create a Jones-Ray effect. We also demonstrate that the low concentrations of surfactant necessary to create the Jones-Ray effect are too small to be detectable by surface sensitive spectroscopic measurements. The effect of surface curvature on this behavior is also examined and the implications for unexplained bubble phenomena is discussed. Finally, this work suggests that the purity standards for water may be inadequate and that the interactions between ions with background impurities are important to incorporate into our understanding of the driving forces that give rise to the speciation of ions at interfaces.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1492307

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--136999

Journal Information:: Journal of Chemical Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Chemical Physics Journal Issue: 19 Vol. 149; ISSN 0021-9606

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
air-water surface
contamination
electrolyte
interface
surface tensions

Title: Detecting the undetectable: The role of trace surfactant in the Jones-Ray effect

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