Resolving Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells with Rapid Flame-Processed Cobalt-Doped TiO2
Abstract
To further increase the open–circuit voltage (V oc) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), many efforts have been devoted to doping the TiO2 electron transport/selective layers by using metal dopants with higher electronegativity than Ti. However, those dopants can introduce undesired charge traps that hinder charge transport through TiO2, so the improvement in the V oc is often accompanied by an undesired photocurrent density–voltage (J–V) hysteresis problem. Herein, it is demonstrated that the use of a rapid flame doping process (40 s) to introduce cobalt dopant into TiO2 not only solves the J–V hysteresis problem but also increases the V oc and power conversion efficiency of both mesoscopic and planar PSCs. The reasons for the simultaneous improvements are two fold. First, the flame–doped Co–TiO2 film forms Co–Ov (cobalt dopant–oxygen vacancy) pairs and hence reduces the number density of Ti3+ trap states. Second, Co doping upshifts the band structure of TiO2, facilitating efficient charge extraction. As a result, for planar PSCs, the flame doping of Co increases the efficiency from 17.1% to 18.0% while reducing the hysteresis from 16.0% to 1.7%. Here, for mesoscopic PSCs, the flame doping of Co increases the efficiency from 18.5% to 20.0% while reducing the hysteresis frommore »
- Authors:
-
- Sungkyunkwan Univ. (SKKU), Suwon (Republic of Korea); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
- Yonsei Univ., Seoul (Republic of Korea)
- Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1490881
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; 2015-22-0067; 2016R1A2A1A05005216; 2018R1D1A1B07050875; 20163010012450; 20173010013340
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Advanced Energy Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 29; Journal ID: ISSN 1614-6832
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; cobalt‐doped TiO2; electron transport layer; hysteresis; perovskite solar cells; sol‐flame doping
Citation Formats
Kim, Jung Kyu, Chai, Sung Uk, Ji, Yongfei, Levy-Wendt, Ben, Kim, Suk Hyun, Yi, Yeonjin, Heinz, Tony F., Nørskov, Jens K., Park, Jong Hyeok, and Zheng, Xiaolin. Resolving Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells with Rapid Flame-Processed Cobalt-Doped TiO2. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1002/aenm.201801717.
Kim, Jung Kyu, Chai, Sung Uk, Ji, Yongfei, Levy-Wendt, Ben, Kim, Suk Hyun, Yi, Yeonjin, Heinz, Tony F., Nørskov, Jens K., Park, Jong Hyeok, & Zheng, Xiaolin. Resolving Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells with Rapid Flame-Processed Cobalt-Doped TiO2. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201801717
Kim, Jung Kyu, Chai, Sung Uk, Ji, Yongfei, Levy-Wendt, Ben, Kim, Suk Hyun, Yi, Yeonjin, Heinz, Tony F., Nørskov, Jens K., Park, Jong Hyeok, and Zheng, Xiaolin. Wed .
"Resolving Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells with Rapid Flame-Processed Cobalt-Doped TiO2". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201801717. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1490881.
@article{osti_1490881,
title = {Resolving Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells with Rapid Flame-Processed Cobalt-Doped TiO2},
author = {Kim, Jung Kyu and Chai, Sung Uk and Ji, Yongfei and Levy-Wendt, Ben and Kim, Suk Hyun and Yi, Yeonjin and Heinz, Tony F. and Nørskov, Jens K. and Park, Jong Hyeok and Zheng, Xiaolin},
abstractNote = {To further increase the open–circuit voltage (V oc) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), many efforts have been devoted to doping the TiO2 electron transport/selective layers by using metal dopants with higher electronegativity than Ti. However, those dopants can introduce undesired charge traps that hinder charge transport through TiO2, so the improvement in the V oc is often accompanied by an undesired photocurrent density–voltage (J–V) hysteresis problem. Herein, it is demonstrated that the use of a rapid flame doping process (40 s) to introduce cobalt dopant into TiO2 not only solves the J–V hysteresis problem but also increases the V oc and power conversion efficiency of both mesoscopic and planar PSCs. The reasons for the simultaneous improvements are two fold. First, the flame–doped Co–TiO2 film forms Co–Ov (cobalt dopant–oxygen vacancy) pairs and hence reduces the number density of Ti3+ trap states. Second, Co doping upshifts the band structure of TiO2, facilitating efficient charge extraction. As a result, for planar PSCs, the flame doping of Co increases the efficiency from 17.1% to 18.0% while reducing the hysteresis from 16.0% to 1.7%. Here, for mesoscopic PSCs, the flame doping of Co increases the efficiency from 18.5% to 20.0% while reducing the hysteresis from 7.0% to 0.1%.},
doi = {10.1002/aenm.201801717},
journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
number = 29,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 29 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed Aug 29 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
Web of Science
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