Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project – IV. Understanding the effects of imperfect membership on cluster mass estimation
Abstract
Here, the primary difficulty in measuring dynamical masses of galaxy clusters from galaxy data lies in the separation between true cluster members from interloping galaxies along the line of sight. We study the impact of membership contamination and incompleteness on cluster mass estimates obtained with 25 commonly used techniques applied to nearly 1000 mock clusters with precise spectroscopic redshifts. We show that all methods overestimate or underestimate cluster masses when applied to contaminated or incomplete galaxy samples, respectively. This appears to be the main source of the intrinsic scatter in the mass scaling relation. Applying corrections based on a prior knowledge of contamination and incompleteness can reduce the scatter to the level of shot noise expected for poorly sampled clusters. We establish an empirical model quantifying the effect of imperfect membership on cluster mass estimation and discuss its universal and method-dependent features. We find that both imperfect membership and the response of the mass estimators depend on cluster mass, effectively causing a flattening of the estimated–true mass relation. Imperfect membership thus alters cluster counts determined from spectroscopic surveys, hence the cosmological parameters that depend on such counts.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[17]
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON (Canada)
- Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, Paris (France)
- Univ. of Nottingham, Nottingham (United Kingdom)
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (Brazil)
- Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
- Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States); USA Freelance Science Journalist, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Swinburne Univ. of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC (Australia)
- Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
- Stony Brook Univ., Stony Brook, NY (United States)
- Univ. de Antioquia, Medellin (Colombia)
- Leibniz-Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam (Germany)
- Univ. of Birmingham, Birmingham (United Kingdom)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
- INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste,Trieste (Italy)
- Tarkvara Tehnoloogia Arenduskeskus (STACC), Tartu (Estonia)
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam (Germany); Univ. of Tartu, Toravere (Estonia)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1490629
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; SEV-2012-0249; AST-1055081; 279396; 16599; 71676; EU48684
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 481; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Publisher:
- Royal Astronomical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; methods: numerical; methods: statistical; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; cosmology: observations
Citation Formats
Wojtak, R., Old, L., Mamon, G. A., Pearce, F. R., de Carvalho, R., Sifón, C., Gray, M. E., Skibba, R. A., Croton, D., Bamford, S., Gifford, D., von der Linden, A., Muñoz-Cuartas, J. C., Müller, V., Pearson, R. J., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Saro, A., Sepp, T., and Tempel, E. Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project – IV. Understanding the effects of imperfect membership on cluster mass estimation. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2257.
Wojtak, R., Old, L., Mamon, G. A., Pearce, F. R., de Carvalho, R., Sifón, C., Gray, M. E., Skibba, R. A., Croton, D., Bamford, S., Gifford, D., von der Linden, A., Muñoz-Cuartas, J. C., Müller, V., Pearson, R. J., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Saro, A., Sepp, T., & Tempel, E. Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project – IV. Understanding the effects of imperfect membership on cluster mass estimation. United States. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2257.
Wojtak, R., Old, L., Mamon, G. A., Pearce, F. R., de Carvalho, R., Sifón, C., Gray, M. E., Skibba, R. A., Croton, D., Bamford, S., Gifford, D., von der Linden, A., Muñoz-Cuartas, J. C., Müller, V., Pearson, R. J., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Saro, A., Sepp, T., and Tempel, E. Sat .
"Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project – IV. Understanding the effects of imperfect membership on cluster mass estimation". United States. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2257. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1490629.
@article{osti_1490629,
title = {Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project – IV. Understanding the effects of imperfect membership on cluster mass estimation},
author = {Wojtak, R. and Old, L. and Mamon, G. A. and Pearce, F. R. and de Carvalho, R. and Sifón, C. and Gray, M. E. and Skibba, R. A. and Croton, D. and Bamford, S. and Gifford, D. and von der Linden, A. and Muñoz-Cuartas, J. C. and Müller, V. and Pearson, R. J. and Rozo, E. and Rykoff, E. and Saro, A. and Sepp, T. and Tempel, E.},
abstractNote = {Here, the primary difficulty in measuring dynamical masses of galaxy clusters from galaxy data lies in the separation between true cluster members from interloping galaxies along the line of sight. We study the impact of membership contamination and incompleteness on cluster mass estimates obtained with 25 commonly used techniques applied to nearly 1000 mock clusters with precise spectroscopic redshifts. We show that all methods overestimate or underestimate cluster masses when applied to contaminated or incomplete galaxy samples, respectively. This appears to be the main source of the intrinsic scatter in the mass scaling relation. Applying corrections based on a prior knowledge of contamination and incompleteness can reduce the scatter to the level of shot noise expected for poorly sampled clusters. We establish an empirical model quantifying the effect of imperfect membership on cluster mass estimation and discuss its universal and method-dependent features. We find that both imperfect membership and the response of the mass estimators depend on cluster mass, effectively causing a flattening of the estimated–true mass relation. Imperfect membership thus alters cluster counts determined from spectroscopic surveys, hence the cosmological parameters that depend on such counts.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/sty2257},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 1,
volume = 481,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {8}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 4 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
The Rockstar Phase-Space Temporal halo Finder and the Velocity Offsets of Cluster Cores
journal, December 2012
- Behroozi, Peter S.; Wechsler, Risa H.; Wu, Hao-Yi
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 762, Issue 2
The Theoretical Astrophysical Observatory: Cloud-Based mock Galaxy Catalogs
journal, March 2016
- Bernyk, Maksym; Croton, Darren J.; Tonini, Chiara
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 223, Issue 1
MASS CALIBRATION AND COSMOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SPT-SZ GALAXY CLUSTER SAMPLE USING VELOCITY DISPERSION σ v AND X-RAY Y X MEASUREMENTS
journal, January 2015
- Bocquet, S.; Saro, A.; Mohr, J. J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 799, Issue 2
New constraints on gravity from clusters of galaxies
journal, August 2015
- Cataneo, Matteo; Rapetti, David; Schmidt, Fabian
- Physical Review D, Vol. 92, Issue 4
Structural and dynamical modeling of WINGS clusters: I. The distribution of cluster galaxies of different morphological classes within regular and irregular clusters
journal, October 2017
- Cava, A.; Biviano, A.; Mamon, G. A.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 606
Distribution of red and blue galaxies in groups: an empirical test of the halo model
journal, August 2005
- Collister, A. A.; Lahav, O.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 361, Issue 2
The many lives of active galactic nuclei: cooling flows, black holes and the luminosities and colours of galaxies
journal, January 2006
- Croton, Darren J.; Springel, Volker; White, Simon D. M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 365, Issue 1
Investigating the Relation between Galaxy Properties and the Gaussianity of the Velocity Distribution of Groups and Clusters
journal, August 2017
- Carvalho, R. R. de; Ribeiro, A. L. B.; Stalder, D. H.
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 154, Issue 3
On the dynamics of the cores of galaxy clusters
journal, March 1996
- den Hartog, R.; Katgert, p.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 279, Issue 2
Mass estimation in the outer regions of galaxy clusters
journal, November 1999
- Diaferio, A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 309, Issue 3
How well does the Friends-of-Friends algorithm recover group properties from galaxy catalogues limited in both distance and luminosity?
journal, March 2014
- Duarte, Manuel; Mamon, Gary A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 440, Issue 2
maggie: Models and Algorithms for Galaxy Groups, Interlopers and Environment
journal, September 2015
- Duarte, Manuel; Mamon, Gary A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 453, Issue 4
The Observational Distribution of Internal Velocity Dispersions in Nearby Galaxy Clusters
journal, December 1996
- Fadda, D. M. G. F.; Girardi, M.; iuricin, G.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 473, Issue 2
Velocity Anisotropy and Shape bias in the Caustic Technique
journal, April 2013
- Gifford, Daniel; Miller, Christopher J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 768, Issue 2
A New Method For Galaxy Cluster Detection. I. The Algorithm
journal, October 2000
- Gladders, Michael D.; Yee, H. K. C.
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 120, Issue 4
Precise clustering and density evolution of redMaPPer galaxy clusters versus MXXL simulation
journal, December 2016
- Jimeno, Pablo; Broadhurst, Tom; Lazkoz, Ruth
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 466, Issue 3
Dark Matter Halos in the Standard Cosmological Model: Results from the Bolshoi Simulation
journal, October 2011
- Klypin, Anatoly A.; Trujillo-Gomez, Sebastian; Primack, Joel
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 740, Issue 2
Haloes gone MAD★: The Halo-Finder Comparison Project: The Halo-Finder Comparison Project
journal, June 2011
- Knebe, Alexander; Knollmann, Steffen R.; Muldrew, Stuart I.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 415, Issue 3
NoSOCS in SDSS - I. Sample definition and comparison of mass estimates
journal, January 2009
- Lopes, P. A. A.; de Carvalho, R. R.; Kohl-Moreira, J. L.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 392, Issue 1
The universal distribution of halo interlopers in projected phase space: Bias in galaxy cluster concentration and velocity anisotropy?
journal, September 2010
- Mamon, G. A.; Biviano, A.; Murante, G.
- Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 520
MAMPOSSt: Modelling Anisotropy and Mass Profiles of Observed Spherical Systems – I. Gaussian 3D velocities
journal, January 2013
- Mamon, Gary A.; Biviano, Andrea; Boué, Gwenaël
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 429, Issue 4
Cosmology and astrophysics from relaxed galaxy clusters – II. Cosmological constraints
journal, April 2014
- Mantz, A. B.; Allen, S. W.; Morris, R. G.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 440, Issue 3
Weighing the giants – IV. Cosmology and neutrino mass
journal, November 2014
- Mantz, Adam B.; von der Linden, Anja; Allen, Steven W.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 446, Issue 3
The relation between velocity dispersion and mass in simulated clusters of galaxies: dependence on the tracer and the baryonic physics
journal, February 2013
- Munari, E.; Biviano, A.; Borgani, S.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 430, Issue 4
Mass, velocity anisotropy, and pseudo phase-space density profiles of Abell 2142
journal, June 2014
- Munari, E.; Biviano, A.; Mamon, G. A.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 566
Galaxy groups and haloes in the seventh data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Galaxy groups and haloes in the SDSS-DR7
journal, May 2012
- Muñoz-Cuartas, Juan C.; Müller, Volker
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 423, Issue 2
A Machine Learning Approach for Dynamical mass Measurements of Galaxy Clusters
journal, April 2015
- Ntampaka, M.; Trac, H.; Sutherland, D. J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 803, Issue 2
Dynamical mass Measurements of Contaminated Galaxy Clusters Using Machine Learning
journal, November 2016
- Ntampaka, M.; Trac, H.; Sutherland, D. J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 831, Issue 2
Brighter galaxy bias: underestimating the velocity dispersions of galaxy clusters
journal, July 2013
- Old, L.; Gray, M. E.; Pearce, F. R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 434, Issue 3
Galaxy cluster mass reconstruction project – I. Methods and first results on galaxy-based techniques
journal, May 2014
- Old, L.; Skibba, R. A.; Pearce, F. R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 441, Issue 2
Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project – II. Quantifying scatter and bias using contrasting mock catalogues
journal, March 2015
- Old, L.; Wojtak, R.; Mamon, G. A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 449, Issue 2
Galaxy Cluster Mass Reconstruction Project – III. The impact of dynamical substructure on cluster mass estimates
journal, December 2017
- Old, L.; Wojtak, R.; Pearce, F. R.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 475, Issue 1
On optical mass estimation methods for galaxy groups
journal, April 2015
- Pearson, R. J.; Ponman, T. J.; Norberg, P.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 449, Issue 3
Planck 2015 results : XIII. Cosmological parameters
journal, September 2016
- Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.; Arnaud, M.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 594
Evidence of pre-processing and a dependence on dynamical state for low-mass satellite galaxies
journal, February 2017
- Roberts, Ian D.; Parker, Laura C.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 467, Issue 3
COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS FROM THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY MaxBCG CLUSTER CATALOG
journal, December 2009
- Rozo, Eduardo; Wechsler, Risa H.; Rykoff, Eli S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 708, Issue 1
redMaPPer. I. ALGORITHM AND SDSS DR8 CATALOG
journal, April 2014
- Rykoff, E. S.; Rozo, E.; Busha, M. T.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 785, Issue 2
Gravitational Redshift of Galaxies in Clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey
journal, February 2015
- Sadeh, Iftach; Feng, Low Lerh; Lahav, Ofer
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 7
Toward Unbiased Galaxy Cluster Masses from Line-Of-Sight Velocity Dispersions
journal, July 2013
- Saro, Alex; Mohr, Joseph J.; Bazin, Gurvan
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 772, Issue 1
Next generation cosmology: constraints from the Euclid galaxy cluster survey
journal, March 2016
- Sartoris, B.; Biviano, A.; Fedeli, C.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 459, Issue 2
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Dynamical Masses and Scaling Relations for a Sample of Massive Sunyaev-Zel'Dovich Effect Selected Galaxy Clusters $^,$
journal, July 2013
- Sifón, Cristóbal; Menanteau, Felipe; Hasselfield, Matthew
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 772, Issue 1
A halo model of galaxy colours and clustering in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
journal, January 2009
- Skibba, Ramin A.; Sheth, Ravi K.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 392, Issue 3
The luminosity-weighted or ‘marked’ correlation function
journal, May 2006
- Skibba, Ramin; Sheth, Ravi K.; Connolly, Andrew J.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 369, Issue 1
Are brightest halo galaxies central galaxies?: Brightest halo galaxies
journal, September 2010
- Skibba, Ramin A.; van den Bosch, Frank C.; Yang, Xiaohu
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 410, Issue 1
Spatial Anisotropy of Galaxy Kinematics in Sloan Digital sky Survey Galaxy Clusters
journal, September 2012
- Skielboe, Andreas; Wojtak, Radosław; Pedersen, Kristian
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 758, Issue 1
The Voronoi Tessellation Cluster Finder in 2+1 Dimensions
journal, December 2010
- Soares-Santos, Marcelle; de Carvalho, Reinaldo R.; Annis, James
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 727, Issue 1
Flux- and volume-limited groups/clusters for the SDSS galaxies: catalogues and mass estimation
journal, May 2014
- Tempel, E.; Tamm, A.; Gramann, M.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 566
The mass of the Coma cluster
journal, December 1986
- The, Lih Sin; White, Simon D. M.
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 92
Toward a Halo Mass Function for Precision Cosmology: The Limits of Universality
journal, December 2008
- Tinker, Jeremy; Kravtsov, Andrey V.; Klypin, Anatoly
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 688, Issue 2
Group galaxy number density profiles far out: Is the ‘one-halo’ term NFW out to >10 virial radii?
journal, June 2017
- Trevisan, M.; Mamon, G. A.; Stalder, D. H.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 471, Issue 1
How special are brightest group and cluster galaxies?
journal, July 2007
- Von Der Linden, Anja; Best, Philip N.; Kauffmann, Guinevere
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 379, Issue 3
Mass profiles and galaxy orbits in nearby galaxy clusters from the analysis of the projected phase space: Mass profiles and galaxy orbits
journal, August 2010
- Wojtak, Radosław; Łokas, Ewa L.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 408, Issue 4
Physical properties underlying observed kinematics of satellite galaxies
journal, November 2012
- Wojtak, Radosław; Mamon, Gary A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 428, Issue 3
Interloper treatment in dynamical modelling of galaxy clusters
journal, February 2007
- Wojtak, R.; Łokas, E. L.; Mamon, G. A.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 466, Issue 2
The mass and anisotropy profiles of galaxy clusters from the projected phase-space density: testing the method on simulated data
journal, October 2009
- Wojtak, Radosław; Łokas, Ewa L.; Mamon, Gary A.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 399, Issue 2
Gravitational redshift of galaxies in clusters as predicted by general relativity
journal, September 2011
- Wojtak, Radosław; Hansen, Steen H.; Hjorth, Jens
- Nature, Vol. 477, Issue 7366
The Velocity Distribution of Galaxies in Clusters
journal, June 1977
- Yahil, A.; Vidal, N. V.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 214
Galaxy Groups in the SDSS DR4. I. The Catalog and Basic Properties
journal, December 2007
- Yang, Xiaohu; Mo, H. J.; van den Bosch, Frank C.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 671, Issue 1
Works referencing / citing this record:
Bayesian group finder based on marked point processes: Method and feasibility study using the 2MRS data set
journal, October 2018
- Tempel, Elmo; Kruuse, Maarja; Kipper, Rain
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 618