Studies of reaction mechanisms during stabilization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile carbon nanofibers

doi:10.1002/pen.24708

Title: Studies of reaction mechanisms during stabilization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile carbon nanofibers

Abstract

Various reaction mechanisms such as cyclization, oxidation, dehydrogenation, and crosslinking are studied during stabilization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers using different in situ techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), shrinkage measurement, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). DSC results show that oxidation preferentially occurs in cyclized structure. It is also found that the cyclization reaction has the highest activation energy followed by oxidation/dehydrogenation and crosslinking reactions. In situ shrinkage measurement and DMA data are used to study the extent of cyclization and cross-linking reactions, respectively, in air. Comparing the in situ shrinkage measurement with DSC data, it is found that cyclization reaction in air progresses in two different mechanisms such as radical cyclization, which depends only on the temperature and ionic cyclization, which is limited by the rate of oxygen diffusion. In conclusion, it is found that complete cyclization time occurs at about 189 min for isothermal heat treatment at 260 °C with 5 °C/min ramp, while cross-linking reaction becomes dominant at 132 min.

Authors:

Barua, Bipul ^[1];

^[2]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)

Publication Date:: 2017-09-22

Research Org.:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: University of Oklahoma; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1489823

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Polymer Engineering and Science

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 58; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 0032-3888

Publisher:: Wiley

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; carbon nanofiber; cyclization; electrospinning; polyacrylonitrile; stabilization

Citation Formats


                    Barua, Bipul, and Saha, Mrinal C. Studies of reaction mechanisms during stabilization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile carbon nanofibers.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
        Web.  doi:10.1002/pen.24708.

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                    Barua, Bipul, & Saha, Mrinal C. Studies of reaction mechanisms during stabilization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile carbon nanofibers.  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24708

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                    Barua, Bipul, and Saha, Mrinal C. Fri .  
        "Studies of reaction mechanisms during stabilization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile carbon nanofibers".  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24708.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1489823.

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@article{osti_1489823,

  title        = {Studies of reaction mechanisms during stabilization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile carbon nanofibers},

  author       = {Barua, Bipul and Saha, Mrinal C.},

  abstractNote = {Various reaction mechanisms such as cyclization, oxidation, dehydrogenation, and crosslinking are studied during stabilization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers using different in situ techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), shrinkage measurement, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). DSC results show that oxidation preferentially occurs in cyclized structure. It is also found that the cyclization reaction has the highest activation energy followed by oxidation/dehydrogenation and crosslinking reactions. In situ shrinkage measurement and DMA data are used to study the extent of cyclization and cross-linking reactions, respectively, in air. Comparing the in situ shrinkage measurement with DSC data, it is found that cyclization reaction in air progresses in two different mechanisms such as radical cyclization, which depends only on the temperature and ionic cyclization, which is limited by the rate of oxygen diffusion. In conclusion, it is found that complete cyclization time occurs at about 189 min for isothermal heat treatment at 260 °C with 5 °C/min ramp, while cross-linking reaction becomes dominant at 132 min.},

  doi          = {10.1002/pen.24708},

  journal      = {Polymer Engineering and Science},

  number       = 8,

  volume       = 58,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2017},

  month        = {9}

}

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24708

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Cited by: 3 works

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Figures / Tables:

Table 1: Properties of ePAN nanofiber yarn

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Structure evolution mechanism of polyacrylonitrile films incorporated with graphene oxide during oxidative stabilization
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Li, Fengmei; Chen, Yankun; Li, Mengzhu
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Technologies, Vol. 7, Issue 1
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Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

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Title: Studies of reaction mechanisms during stabilization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile carbon nanofibers

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Correlative study of critical reactions in polyacrylonitrile based carbon fiber precursors during thermal-oxidative stabilization journal, January 2013

Electrochemical properties of carbon nanofiber web as an electrode for supercapacitor prepared by electrospinning journal, August 2003

An investigation on structure characterization of thermally stabilized polyacrylonitrile precursor fibers pretreated with guanidine carbonate prior to carbonization journal, November 2011

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Nanometre diameter fibres of polymer, produced by electrospinning journal, September 1996

A review of heat treatment on polyacrylonitrile fiber journal, August 2007

Development of carbon nanofibers from aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bundles and characterization of their microstructural, electrical, and mechanical properties journal, June 2009

Carbon Nanofibers Prepared via Electrospinning journal, April 2012

Kinetic study of the dehydrogenation reaction in polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber precursors during thermal stabilization journal, May 2012

Kinetic analysis of derivative curves in thermal analysis journal, September 1970

Investigation on jet stability, fiber diameter, and tensile properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous yarns journal, January 2015

Correlation of chemical shrinkage of polyacrylonitrile fibres with kinetics of cyclization journal, January 2008

Polyacrylonitrile-based nanofibers—A state-of-the-art review journal, March 2012

Comparative study of the cure kinetics of an unsaturated polyester resin using different procedures journal, March 1996

The Explanation of the Increase in Slope at the T g in the Plot of d‐Spacing Versus Temperature in Polyacrylonitrile journal, February 2005

The processing, properties, and structure of carbon fibers journal, February 2005

Cyclization kinetics of poly(acrylonitrile) journal, January 1996

A critical review of the stabilisation of polyacrylonitrile journal, January 1991

Mechanical and structural characterization of electrospun PAN-derived carbon nanofibers journal, August 2005

Preparation and Application of Carbon-Nanofiber Based Microstructured Materials as Catalyst Supports journal, June 2007

IR studies of PAN fibres thermally stabilized at elevated temperatures journal, January 1994

Gel-spun carbon nanotubes/polyacrylonitrile composite fibers. Part I: Effect of carbon nanotubes on stabilization journal, November 2011

Gel-spun carbon nanotubes/polyacrylonitrile composite fibers. Part II: Stabilization reaction kinetics and effect of gas environment journal, November 2011

Strong carbon nanofibers from electrospun polyacrylonitrile journal, April 2011

Mechanism and kinetics of the stabilization reactions of itaconic acid-modified polyacrylonitrile journal, August 2008

Optimization of stabilization and carbonization treatment of PAN fibres and structural characterization of the resulting carbon fibres journal, January 1986

Polyacrylonitrile/acrylamide-based carbon fibers prepared using a solvent-free coagulation process: Fiber properties and its structure evolution during stabilization and carbonization journal, October 2011

Kinetic study of the degradation of a new aromatic polyethersulfone journal, May 2000

Nanostructured Carbon and Carbon Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications journal, February 2010

Mechanism of oxidisation of polyacrylonitrile fibres journal, September 1975

The influence of oxygen on the chemical reactions during stabilization of pan as carbon fiber precursor journal, February 1975

Reaction Kinetics in Differential Thermal Analysis journal, November 1957

Polybenzimidazole nanofiber produced by electrospinning journal, May 1999

A review on polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and their applications in nanocomposites journal, November 2003

Inter-versus intramolecular oligomerization of nitrile groups in polyacrylonitrile journal, October 1981

Influence of humidity, temperature, and annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers journal, June 2017

Viscoelastic properties of polyacrylonitrile terpolymers during thermo‐oxidative stabilization (cyclization) journal, July 2008

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Wet Relaxation of Electrospun Nanofiber Mats journal, February 2019

Correlative study of critical reactions in polyacrylonitrile based carbon fiber precursors during thermal-oxidative stabilization
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Electrochemical properties of carbon nanofiber web as an electrode for supercapacitor prepared by electrospinning
journal, August 2003

An investigation on structure characterization of thermally stabilized polyacrylonitrile precursor fibers pretreated with guanidine carbonate prior to carbonization
journal, November 2011

Carbon nanofibers for composite applications
journal, January 2004

Nanometre diameter fibres of polymer, produced by electrospinning
journal, September 1996

A review of heat treatment on polyacrylonitrile fiber
journal, August 2007

Development of carbon nanofibers from aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bundles and characterization of their microstructural, electrical, and mechanical properties
journal, June 2009

Carbon Nanofibers Prepared via Electrospinning
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Kinetic study of the dehydrogenation reaction in polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber precursors during thermal stabilization
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Kinetic analysis of derivative curves in thermal analysis
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Investigation on jet stability, fiber diameter, and tensile properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous yarns
journal, January 2015

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Comparative study of the cure kinetics of an unsaturated polyester resin using different procedures
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The Explanation of the Increase in Slope at the T _g in the Plot of d‐Spacing Versus Temperature in Polyacrylonitrile
journal, February 2005

The processing, properties, and structure of carbon fibers
journal, February 2005

Cyclization kinetics of poly(acrylonitrile)
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A critical review of the stabilisation of polyacrylonitrile
journal, January 1991

Mechanical and structural characterization of electrospun PAN-derived carbon nanofibers
journal, August 2005

Preparation and Application of Carbon-Nanofiber Based Microstructured Materials as Catalyst Supports
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IR studies of PAN fibres thermally stabilized at elevated temperatures
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Gel-spun carbon nanotubes/polyacrylonitrile composite fibers. Part I: Effect of carbon nanotubes on stabilization
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Gel-spun carbon nanotubes/polyacrylonitrile composite fibers. Part II: Stabilization reaction kinetics and effect of gas environment
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Strong carbon nanofibers from electrospun polyacrylonitrile
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Mechanism and kinetics of the stabilization reactions of itaconic acid-modified polyacrylonitrile
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Optimization of stabilization and carbonization treatment of PAN fibres and structural characterization of the resulting carbon fibres
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Polyacrylonitrile/acrylamide-based carbon fibers prepared using a solvent-free coagulation process: Fiber properties and its structure evolution during stabilization and carbonization
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Kinetic study of the degradation of a new aromatic polyethersulfone
journal, May 2000

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Mechanism of oxidisation of polyacrylonitrile fibres
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Reaction Kinetics in Differential Thermal Analysis
journal, November 1957

Polybenzimidazole nanofiber produced by electrospinning
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A review on polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and their applications in nanocomposites
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Inter-versus intramolecular oligomerization of nitrile groups in polyacrylonitrile
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Viscoelastic properties of polyacrylonitrile terpolymers during thermo‐oxidative stabilization (cyclization)
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