Anaerobic gut fungi: Advances in isolation, culture, and cellulolytic enzyme discovery for biofuel production
Abstract
Anaerobic gut fungi are an early branching family of fungi that are commonly found in the digestive tract of ruminants and monogastric herbivores. It is becoming increasingly clear that they are the primary colonizers of ingested plant biomass, and that they significantly contribute to the decomposition of plant biomass into fermentable sugars. As such, anaerobic fungi harbor a rich reservoir of undiscovered cellulolytic enzymes and enzyme complexes that can potentially transform the conversion of lignocellulose into bioenergy products. Despite their unique evolutionary history and cellulolytic activity, few species have been isolated and studied in great detail. As a result, their life cycle, cellular physiology, genetics, and cellulolytic metabolism remain poorly understood compared to aerobic fungi. To help address this limitation, this work briefly summarizes the current body of knowledge pertaining to anaerobic fungal biology, and describes progress made in the isolation, cultivation, molecular characterization, and long-term preservation of these microbes. Finally, we also discuss recent cellulase- and cellulosome-discovery efforts from gut fungi, and how these interesting, non-model microbes could be further adapted for biotechnology applications.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Harper Adams Univ., Newport (United Kingdom). Animal Production, Welfare, and Veterinary Sciences
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); United States Dept. of Agriculture (USDA); US Army Research Office (ARO)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1485183
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0010352; 2011-67017-20459
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 111; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 0006-3592
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; anaerobic fungi; cellulase; cellulosome; biofuels; hydrogenosome
Citation Formats
Haitjema, Charles H., Solomon, Kevin V., Henske, John K., Theodorou, Michael K., and O'Malley, Michelle A. Anaerobic gut fungi: Advances in isolation, culture, and cellulolytic enzyme discovery for biofuel production. United States: N. p., 2014.
Web. doi:10.1002/bit.25264.
Haitjema, Charles H., Solomon, Kevin V., Henske, John K., Theodorou, Michael K., & O'Malley, Michelle A. Anaerobic gut fungi: Advances in isolation, culture, and cellulolytic enzyme discovery for biofuel production. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.25264
Haitjema, Charles H., Solomon, Kevin V., Henske, John K., Theodorou, Michael K., and O'Malley, Michelle A. Thu .
"Anaerobic gut fungi: Advances in isolation, culture, and cellulolytic enzyme discovery for biofuel production". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.25264. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1485183.
@article{osti_1485183,
title = {Anaerobic gut fungi: Advances in isolation, culture, and cellulolytic enzyme discovery for biofuel production},
author = {Haitjema, Charles H. and Solomon, Kevin V. and Henske, John K. and Theodorou, Michael K. and O'Malley, Michelle A.},
abstractNote = {Anaerobic gut fungi are an early branching family of fungi that are commonly found in the digestive tract of ruminants and monogastric herbivores. It is becoming increasingly clear that they are the primary colonizers of ingested plant biomass, and that they significantly contribute to the decomposition of plant biomass into fermentable sugars. As such, anaerobic fungi harbor a rich reservoir of undiscovered cellulolytic enzymes and enzyme complexes that can potentially transform the conversion of lignocellulose into bioenergy products. Despite their unique evolutionary history and cellulolytic activity, few species have been isolated and studied in great detail. As a result, their life cycle, cellular physiology, genetics, and cellulolytic metabolism remain poorly understood compared to aerobic fungi. To help address this limitation, this work briefly summarizes the current body of knowledge pertaining to anaerobic fungal biology, and describes progress made in the isolation, cultivation, molecular characterization, and long-term preservation of these microbes. Finally, we also discuss recent cellulase- and cellulosome-discovery efforts from gut fungi, and how these interesting, non-model microbes could be further adapted for biotechnology applications.},
doi = {10.1002/bit.25264},
journal = {Biotechnology and Bioengineering},
number = 8,
volume = 111,
place = {United States},
year = {2014},
month = {5}
}
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PCR and Omics Based Techniques to Study the Diversity, Ecology and Biology of Anaerobic Fungi: Insights, Challenges and Opportunities
journal, September 2017
- Edwards, Joan E.; Forster, Robert J.; Callaghan, Tony M.
- Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 8
The Effect of DNA Extraction Methods on Observed Microbial Communities from Fibrous and Liquid Rumen Fractions of Dairy Cows
journal, January 2018
- Vaidya, Jueeli D.; van den Bogert, Bartholomeus; Edwards, Joan E.
- Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 9
Metagenomic Analysis of Bacteria, Fungi, Bacteriophages, and Helminths in the Gut of Giant Pandas
journal, July 2018
- Yang, Shengzhi; Gao, Xin; Meng, Jianghong
- Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 9
Community structure and fibrolytic activities of anaerobic rumen fungi in dromedary camels
journal, October 2018
- Rabee, Alaa. E.; Forster, Robert J.; Elekwachi, Chijioke O.
- Journal of Basic Microbiology, Vol. 59, Issue 1