Tidal Deformabilities and Radii of Neutron Stars from the Observation of GW170817
Abstract
In this study, we use gravitational-wave observations of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 to explore the tidal deformabilities and radii of neutron stars. We perform a Bayesian parameter estimation with the source location and distance informed by electromagnetic observations. We also assume that the two stars have the same equation of state; we demonstrate that, for stars with masses comparable to the component masses of GW170817, this is effectively implemented by assuming that the stars’ dimensionless tidal deformabilities are determined by the binary’s mass ratio q by Λ1/Λ2 = q6. We investigate different choices of prior on the component masses of the neutron stars. We find that the tidal deformability and 90% credible interval is ˜Λ = 222$$+420\atop{-138}$$ for a uniform component mass prior, ˜Λ = 245$$+453\atop{-151}$$ for a component mass prior informed by radio observations of Galactic double neutron stars, and ˜Λ = 233$$+448\atop{-144}$$ for a component mass prior informed by radio pulsars. We find a robust measurement of the common areal radius of the neutron stars across all mass priors of 8.9 ≤ $$\hat{R}$$ ≤ 13.2 km , with a mean value of <$$\hat{R}$$> = 10.8 km . Finally, our results are the first measurement of tidal deformability with a physical constraint on the star’s equation of state and place the first lower bounds on the deformability and areal radii of neutron stars using gravitational waves.
- Authors:
-
[4]
- Syracuse Univ., NY (United States)
- Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Syracuse Univ., NY (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1484643
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1467957
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-18-23911
Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007; PRLTAO
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 89233218CNA000001; FG02-87ER40317
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 121; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Citation Formats
De, Soumi, Finstad, Daniel, Lattimer, James, Brown, Duncan A., Berger, Edo, and Biwer, Christopher Michael. Tidal Deformabilities and Radii of Neutron Stars from the Observation of GW170817. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.091102.
De, Soumi, Finstad, Daniel, Lattimer, James, Brown, Duncan A., Berger, Edo, & Biwer, Christopher Michael. Tidal Deformabilities and Radii of Neutron Stars from the Observation of GW170817. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.091102
De, Soumi, Finstad, Daniel, Lattimer, James, Brown, Duncan A., Berger, Edo, and Biwer, Christopher Michael. Wed .
"Tidal Deformabilities and Radii of Neutron Stars from the Observation of GW170817". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.091102. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1484643.
@article{osti_1484643,
title = {Tidal Deformabilities and Radii of Neutron Stars from the Observation of GW170817},
author = {De, Soumi and Finstad, Daniel and Lattimer, James and Brown, Duncan A. and Berger, Edo and Biwer, Christopher Michael},
abstractNote = {In this study, we use gravitational-wave observations of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 to explore the tidal deformabilities and radii of neutron stars. We perform a Bayesian parameter estimation with the source location and distance informed by electromagnetic observations. We also assume that the two stars have the same equation of state; we demonstrate that, for stars with masses comparable to the component masses of GW170817, this is effectively implemented by assuming that the stars’ dimensionless tidal deformabilities are determined by the binary’s mass ratio q by Λ1/Λ2 = q6. We investigate different choices of prior on the component masses of the neutron stars. We find that the tidal deformability and 90% credible interval is ˜Λ = 222$+420\atop{-138}$ for a uniform component mass prior, ˜Λ = 245$+453\atop{-151}$ for a component mass prior informed by radio observations of Galactic double neutron stars, and ˜Λ = 233$+448\atop{-144}$ for a component mass prior informed by radio pulsars. We find a robust measurement of the common areal radius of the neutron stars across all mass priors of 8.9 ≤ $\hat{R}$ ≤ 13.2 km , with a mean value of <$\hat{R}$> = 10.8 km . Finally, our results are the first measurement of tidal deformability with a physical constraint on the star’s equation of state and place the first lower bounds on the deformability and areal radii of neutron stars using gravitational waves.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.091102},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 9,
volume = 121,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 29 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed Aug 29 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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Figures / Tables:
FIG. 1: The tidal deformability Λ as a function of mass for physically realistic polytropes. A TOV integration with each EOS parameter set results in a series of values of Λ (m) that are shown as points colored by their radii R. Dashed curves are lower bounds to Λ formore »
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- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 888, Issue 1
Implications from GW170817 for Δ-isobar Admixed Hypernuclear Compact Stars
journal, April 2019
- Li, Jia Jie; Sedrakian, Armen
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 2
Revisiting the Lower Bound on Tidal Deformability Derived by AT 2017gfo
journal, May 2019
- Kiuchi, Kenta; Kyutoku, Koutarou; Shibata, Masaru
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 876, Issue 2
The Multi-messenger Matrix: The Future of Neutron Star Merger Constraints on the Nuclear Equation of State
journal, July 2019
- Margalit, Ben; Metzger, Brian D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 880, Issue 1
On the Possibility of GW190425 Being a Black Hole–Neutron Star Binary Merger
journal, February 2020
- Kyutoku, Koutarou; Fujibayashi, Sho; Hayashi, Kota
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 890, Issue 1
Quark deconfinement as a supernova explosion engine for massive blue supergiant stars
journal, October 2018
- Fischer, Tobias; Bastian, Niels-Uwe F.; Wu, Meng-Ru
- Nature Astronomy, Vol. 2, Issue 12
The impact of the crust equation of state on the analysis of GW170817
journal, December 2019
- Gamba, R.; Read, J. S.; Wade, L. E.
- Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 37, Issue 2
Neutron star equation of state and GW170817
journal, November 2018
- Bhat, Sajad A.; Bandyopadhyay, Debades
- Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 1
What do we learn about vector interactions from GW170817?
journal, February 2019
- Dexheimer, Veronica; Gomes, Rosana de Oliveira; Schramm, Stefan
- Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 3
From the microscopic to the macroscopic world: from nucleons to neutron stars
journal, August 2019
- Gandolfi, S.; Lippuner, J.; Steiner, A. W.
- Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 10
On the merger rate of primordial black holes: effects of nearest neighbours distribution and clustering
journal, October 2018
- Ballesteros, Guillermo; Serpico, Pasquale D.; Taoso, Marco
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 10
Constraining compact star properties with nuclear saturation parameters
journal, July 2019
- Li, Jia Jie; Sedrakian, Armen
- Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 1
Nonstrange quark stars from an NJL model with proper-time regularization
journal, December 2019
- Wang, Qingwu; Shi, Chao; Zong, Hong-Shi
- Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 12
GW170817: Measurements of Neutron Star Radii and Equation of State
journal, October 2018
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 16
Discrepancy in tidal deformability of GW170817 between the Advanced LIGO twin detectors
journal, October 2019
- Narikawa, Tatsuya; Uchikata, Nami; Kawaguchi, Kyohei
- Physical Review Research, Vol. 1, Issue 3
Extracting nuclear symmetry energies at high densities from observations of neutron stars and gravitational waves
journal, March 2019
- Zhang, Nai-Bo; Li, Bao-An
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 55, Issue 3
Hyperonic stars within the Bogoliubov quark meson model for nuclear matter
journal, May 2019
- Panda, Prafulla K.; Providência, Constança; Moszkowski, Steven A.
- International Journal of Modern Physics E, Vol. 28, Issue 05
The properties of neutron star in the framework of relativistic Hartree–Fock model with unitary correlation operator method
journal, November 2019
- Zhang, Ying; Liu, Peng; Hu, Jinniu
- International Journal of Modern Physics E, Vol. 28, Issue 11
Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Mass Ejection, Electromagnetic Counterparts, and Nucleosynthesis
journal, December 2018
- Radice, David; Perego, Albino; Hotokezaka, Kenta
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 869, Issue 2
The Mass Distribution of Galactic Double Neutron Stars
journal, April 2019
- Farrow, Nicholas; Zhu, Xing-Jiang; Thrane, Eric
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 876, Issue 1
Bayesian Inference of High-density Nuclear Symmetry Energy from Radii of Canonical Neutron Stars
journal, October 2019
- Xie, Wen-Jie; Li, Bao-An
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 883, Issue 2
Measurement of the Nuclear Symmetry Energy Parameters from Gravitational-wave Events
journal, November 2019
- Raithel, Carolyn A.; Özel, Feryal
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 885, Issue 2
Viscous-dynamical Ejecta from Binary Neutron Star Mergers
journal, December 2018
- Radice, David; Perego, Albino; Hotokezaka, Kenta
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 869, Issue 2
A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Millisecond Pulsar Parameter Estimation
journal, December 2019
- Riley, T. E.; Watts, A. L.; Bogdanov, S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1
High-density nuclear symmetry energy extracted from astrophysical observations
conference, January 2019
- Li, Bao-An; Krastev, P. G.; Wen, De-Hua
- XIAMEN-CUSTIPEN WORKSHOP ON THE EQUATION OF STATE OF DENSE NEUTRON-RICH MATTER IN THE ERA OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVE ASTRONOMY, AIP Conference Proceedings
LSST Target-of-opportunity Observations of Gravitational-wave Events: Essential and Efficient
journal, March 2019
- Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Villar, V. A.; Scolnic, D. M.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 1
Evidence for a Multipolar Magnetic Field in SGR J1745-2900 from X-Ray Light-curve Analysis
journal, February 2020
- de Lima, Rafael C. R.; Coelho, Jaziel G.; Pereira, Jonas P.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2
Searches for Continuous Gravitational Waves from 15 Supernova Remnants and Fomalhaut b with Advanced LIGO
text, January 2019
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- IOP Publishing
Relativistic self-energy decomposition of nuclear symmetry energy and equation of state of neutron matter within QCD sum rules
journal, August 2019
- Cai, Bao-Jun; Chen, Lie-Wen
- Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 2
Probing up-down quark matter via gravitational waves
journal, February 2020
- Zhang, Chen
- Physical Review D, Vol. 101, Issue 4
Post-Newtonian spin-tidal couplings for compact binaries
journal, November 2018
- Abdelsalhin, Tiziano; Gualtieri, Leonardo; Pani, Paolo
- Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 10
Detecting the Hadron-Quark Phase Transition with Gravitational Waves
journal, June 2019
- Hanauske, Matthias; Bovard, Luke; Most, Elias
- Universe, Vol. 5, Issue 6
Optimal Neutron-star Mass Ranges to Constrain the Equation of State of Nuclear Matter with Electromagnetic and Gravitational-wave Observations
journal, August 2019
- Weih, L. R.; Most, E. R.; Rezzolla, L.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 881, Issue 1
A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Implications for the Dense Matter Equation of State
journal, December 2019
- Raaijmakers, G.; Riley, T. E.; Watts, A. L.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1
PSR J0030+0451 Mass and Radius from NICER Data and Implications for the Properties of Neutron Star Matter
journal, December 2019
- Miller, M. C.; Lamb, F. K.; Dittmann, A. J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1
NICER X-Ray Observations of Seven Nearby Rotation-powered Millisecond Pulsars
journal, December 2019
- Guillot, Sebastien; Kerr, Matthew; Ray, Paul S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1
Properties of the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817
text, January 2019
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Neutron star collapse and gravitational waves with a non-convex equation of state
text, January 2018
- Aloy, M. A.; Ibáñez, J. M.; Sanchis-Gual, N.
- arXiv
Constraining strangeness in dense matter with GW170817
text, January 2018
- Gomes, R. O.; Char, Prasanta; Schramm, S.
- arXiv
Neutron star equation of state and GW170817
text, January 2018
- Bhat, Sajad A.; Bandyopadhyay, Debades
- arXiv
Impact of high-order tidal terms on binary neutron-star waveforms
text, January 2018
- Jimenez-Forteza, Xisco; Abdelsalhin, Tiziano; Pani, Paolo
- arXiv
PyCBC Inference: A Python-based parameter estimation toolkit for compact binary coalescence signals
text, January 2018
- Biwer, C. M.; Capano, Collin D.; De, Soumi
- arXiv
Distinguishing the nature of comparable-mass neutron star binary systems with multimessenger observations: GW170817 case study
text, January 2018
- Hinderer, Tanja; Nissanke, Samaya; Foucart, Francois
- arXiv
Relevance of tidal effects and post-merger dynamics for binary neutron star parameter estimation
text, January 2018
- Dudi, Reetika; Pannarale, Francesco; Dietrich, Tim
- arXiv
Identifying a first-order phase transition in neutron star mergers through gravitational waves
text, January 2018
- Bauswein, Andreas; Bastian, Niels-Uwe F.; Blaschke, David B.
- arXiv
Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Mass Ejection, Electromagnetic Counterparts and Nucleosynthesis
text, January 2018
- Radice, David; Perego, Albino; Hotokezaka, Kenta
- arXiv
Viscous-Dynamical Ejecta from Binary Neutron Star Merger
text, January 2018
- Radice, David; Perego, Albino; Hotokezaka, Kenta
- arXiv
What do we learn about vector interactions from GW170817?
text, January 2018
- Dexheimer, Veronica; Gomes, Rosana de Oliveira; Schramm, Stefan
- arXiv
Tidal deformability with sharp phase transitions in (binary) neutron stars
text, January 2018
- Han, Sophia; Steiner, Andrew W.
- arXiv
Observing the post-merger signal of GW170817-like events with improved gravitational-wave detectors
text, January 2018
- Torres-Rivas, Andoni; Chatziioannou, Katerina; Bauswein, Andreas
- arXiv
Discrepancy in tidal deformability of GW170817 between the Advanced LIGO twin detectors
text, January 2018
- Narikawa, Tatsuya; Uchikata, Nami; Kawaguchi, Kyohei
- arXiv
Constraining nuclear matter parameters with GW170817
text, January 2018
- Carson, Zack; Steiner, Andrew W.; Yagi, Kent
- arXiv
Bayesian Analysis for Extracting Properties of the Nuclear Equation of State from Observational Data including Tidal Deformability from GW170817
text, January 2018
- Ayriyan, A.; Alvarez-Castillo, D.; Blaschke, D.
- arXiv
Tides in merging neutron stars: Consistency of the GW170817 event with experimental data on finite nuclei
text, January 2019
- Malik, Tuhin; Agrawal, B. K.; De, J. N.
- arXiv
Constraining compact star properties with nuclear saturation parameters
text, January 2019
- Li, Jia Jie; Sedrakian, Armen
- arXiv
From the microscopic to the macroscopic world: from nucleons to neutron stars
text, January 2019
- Gandolfi, S.; Lippuner, J.; Steiner, A. W.
- arXiv
Isovector Effects in Neutron Stars, Radii and the GW170817 Constraint
text, January 2019
- Motta, T. F.; Kalaitzis, A. M.; Antić, S.
- arXiv
The Multi-Messenger Matrix: the Future of Neutron Star Merger Constraints on the Nuclear Equation of State
text, January 2019
- Margalit, Ben; Metzger, Brian D.
- arXiv
New constraints on the nuclear equation of state from the thermal emission of neutron stars in quiescent low-mass X-ray binaries
text, January 2019
- d'Etivaux, N. Baillot; Guillot, S.; Margueron, J.
- arXiv
Constraint on the maximum mass of neutron stars using GW170817 event
text, January 2019
- Shibata, Masaru; Zhou, Enping; Kiuchi, Kenta
- arXiv
Optimal neutron-star mass ranges to constrain the equation of state of nuclear matter with electromagnetic and gravitational-wave observations
text, January 2019
- Weih, Lukas R.; Most, Elias R.; Rezzolla, Luciano
- arXiv
Treating quarks within neutron stars
text, January 2019
- Han, Sophia; Mamun, M. A. A.; Lalit, S.
- arXiv
Effects of nuclear symmetry energy and equation of state on neutron star properties
text, January 2019
- Ji, Fan; Hu, Jinniu; Bao, Shishao
- arXiv
Role of the symmetry energy and the neutron-matter stiffness on the tidal deformability of a neutron star with unified equations of state
text, January 2019
- Perot, Loic; Chamel, Nicolas; Sourie, Aurélien
- arXiv
Universal behavior of compact star based upon gravitational binding energy
text, January 2019
- Jiang, Rongrong; Wen, Dehua; Chen, Houyuan
- arXiv
A NICER view of PSR J0030+0451: Implications for the dense matter equation of state
text, January 2019
- Raaijmakers, G.; Riley, T. E.; Watts, A. L.
- arXiv
PSR J0030+0451 Mass and Radius from NICER Data and Implications for the Properties of Neutron Star Matter
text, January 2019
- Miller, M. C.; Lamb, F. K.; Dittmann, A. J.
- arXiv
NICER X-ray Observations of Seven Nearby Rotation-Powered Millisecond Pulsars
text, January 2019
- Guillot, S.; Kerr, M.; Ray, P. S.
- arXiv
On the possibility of GW190425 being a black hole--neutron star binary merger
text, January 2020
- Kyutoku, Koutarou; Fujibayashi, Sho; Hayashi, Kota
- arXiv
Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.