100 GW linear transformer driver cavity: Design, simulations, and performance
Abstract
Here we present details of the design, simulation, and performance of a 100-GW linear transformer driver (LTD) cavity at Sandia National Laboratories. The cavity consists of 20 “bricks.” Each brick is comprised of two 80 nF, 100 kV capacitors connected electrically in series with a custom, 200 kV, three-electrode, field-distortion gas switch. The brick capacitors are bipolar charged to ±100 kV for a total switch voltage of 200 kV. Typical brick circuit parameters are 40 nF capacitance (two 80 nF capacitors in series) and 160 nH inductance. The switch electrodes are fabricated from a WCu alloy and are operated with breathable air. Over the course of 6,556 shots the cavity generated a peak electrical current and power of 1.03 MA (±1.8%) and 106 GW (±3.1%). Experimental results are consistent (to within uncertainties) with circuit simulations for normal operation, and expected failure modes including prefire and late-fire events. New features of this development that are reported here in detail include: (1) 100 ns, 1 MA, 100-GW output from a 2.2 m diameter LTD into a 0.1 Ω load, (2) high-impedance solid charging resistors that are optimized for this application, and (3) evaluation of maintenance-free trigger circuits using capacitive coupling and inductivemore »
- Authors:
- more »
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1484554
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1487418
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2018-10283J
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9888; PRABCJ; 120401
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 16-0870; 16-0912; NA0003525; AC04-94AL85000
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams Journal Volume: 21 Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9888
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
Citation Formats
Douglass, J. D., Hutsel, B. T., Leckbee, J. J., Mulville, T. D., Stoltzfus, B. S., Wisher, M. L., Savage, M. E., Stygar, W. A., Breden, E. W., Calhoun, J. D., Cuneo, M. E., De Smet, D. J., Focia, R. J., Hohlfelder, R. J., Jaramillo, D. M., Johns, O. M., Jones, M. C., Lombrozo, A. C., Lucero, D. J., Moore, J. K., Porter, J. L., Radovich, S. D., Romero, S. A., Sceiford, M. E., Sullivan, M. A., Walker, C. A., Woodworth, J. R., Yazzie, N. T., Abdalla, M. D., Skipper, M. C., and Wagner, C.. 100 GW linear transformer driver cavity: Design, simulations, and performance. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.120401.
Douglass, J. D., Hutsel, B. T., Leckbee, J. J., Mulville, T. D., Stoltzfus, B. S., Wisher, M. L., Savage, M. E., Stygar, W. A., Breden, E. W., Calhoun, J. D., Cuneo, M. E., De Smet, D. J., Focia, R. J., Hohlfelder, R. J., Jaramillo, D. M., Johns, O. M., Jones, M. C., Lombrozo, A. C., Lucero, D. J., Moore, J. K., Porter, J. L., Radovich, S. D., Romero, S. A., Sceiford, M. E., Sullivan, M. A., Walker, C. A., Woodworth, J. R., Yazzie, N. T., Abdalla, M. D., Skipper, M. C., & Wagner, C.. 100 GW linear transformer driver cavity: Design, simulations, and performance. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.120401
Douglass, J. D., Hutsel, B. T., Leckbee, J. J., Mulville, T. D., Stoltzfus, B. S., Wisher, M. L., Savage, M. E., Stygar, W. A., Breden, E. W., Calhoun, J. D., Cuneo, M. E., De Smet, D. J., Focia, R. J., Hohlfelder, R. J., Jaramillo, D. M., Johns, O. M., Jones, M. C., Lombrozo, A. C., Lucero, D. J., Moore, J. K., Porter, J. L., Radovich, S. D., Romero, S. A., Sceiford, M. E., Sullivan, M. A., Walker, C. A., Woodworth, J. R., Yazzie, N. T., Abdalla, M. D., Skipper, M. C., and Wagner, C.. Wed .
"100 GW linear transformer driver cavity: Design, simulations, and performance". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.120401.
@article{osti_1484554,
title = {100 GW linear transformer driver cavity: Design, simulations, and performance},
author = {Douglass, J. D. and Hutsel, B. T. and Leckbee, J. J. and Mulville, T. D. and Stoltzfus, B. S. and Wisher, M. L. and Savage, M. E. and Stygar, W. A. and Breden, E. W. and Calhoun, J. D. and Cuneo, M. E. and De Smet, D. J. and Focia, R. J. and Hohlfelder, R. J. and Jaramillo, D. M. and Johns, O. M. and Jones, M. C. and Lombrozo, A. C. and Lucero, D. J. and Moore, J. K. and Porter, J. L. and Radovich, S. D. and Romero, S. A. and Sceiford, M. E. and Sullivan, M. A. and Walker, C. A. and Woodworth, J. R. and Yazzie, N. T. and Abdalla, M. D. and Skipper, M. C. and Wagner, C.},
abstractNote = {Here we present details of the design, simulation, and performance of a 100-GW linear transformer driver (LTD) cavity at Sandia National Laboratories. The cavity consists of 20 “bricks.” Each brick is comprised of two 80 nF, 100 kV capacitors connected electrically in series with a custom, 200 kV, three-electrode, field-distortion gas switch. The brick capacitors are bipolar charged to ±100 kV for a total switch voltage of 200 kV. Typical brick circuit parameters are 40 nF capacitance (two 80 nF capacitors in series) and 160 nH inductance. The switch electrodes are fabricated from a WCu alloy and are operated with breathable air. Over the course of 6,556 shots the cavity generated a peak electrical current and power of 1.03 MA (±1.8%) and 106 GW (±3.1%). Experimental results are consistent (to within uncertainties) with circuit simulations for normal operation, and expected failure modes including prefire and late-fire events. New features of this development that are reported here in detail include: (1) 100 ns, 1 MA, 100-GW output from a 2.2 m diameter LTD into a 0.1 Ω load, (2) high-impedance solid charging resistors that are optimized for this application, and (3) evaluation of maintenance-free trigger circuits using capacitive coupling and inductive isolation.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.120401},
journal = {Physical Review Accelerators and Beams},
number = 12,
volume = 21,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {12}
}
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.120401
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:

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