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Title: Improved Anisotropic Thermoelectric Behavior of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate) via Magnetophoresis

Abstract

There is strong demand for achieving morphological control of conducting polymers in its many potential applications, from energy harvesting to spintronics. Here, the static magnetic-field-induced alignment of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) particles is demonstrated. PEDOT:PSS thin films cast under modest mT-level magnetic fields exhibit a fourfold increase in the Seebeck coefficient and doubled electrical conductivity. Atomic force microscopy measurements confirm the presence of conducting islands that exhibit a 10-fold increase in the local charge carrier mobility and threshold behavior that is associated with phase separation. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy identifies a consistent structural coil-to-rod transition, and three-dimensional time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry imaging shows that the rodlike structures coincide with PEDOT domains that generally align with the magnetic field and cluster on the outer surface. Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, Raman spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance, and circular dichroism spectroscopy point to the physical nature of the magnetophoretic alignment, which is expected to occur via magnetic coupling of PEDOT domains with polaron modes. Because casting under mT-level magnetic fields increases the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of PEDOT:PSS thin films without additional dopants that commonly limit the thermoelectric performance, our research reveals that low-field magnetophoresis significantly influences the structure and corresponding physical properties of PEDOT:PSS.more » Our results also point to concerns that the presence of small external magnetic fields in laboratory settings may appreciably and inadvertently influence the PEDOT:PSS morphology during settling, drying, or annealing processes.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [2]; ORCiD logo [4]
  1. Bronx High School of Science, Bronx, NY(United States)
  2. City Univ. (CUNY), NY (United States)
  3. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  4. City Univ. (CUNY), NY (United States); Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1483563
Report Number(s):
BNL-209503-2018-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-1343
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0012704
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
ACS Omega
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-1343
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; magnetophoresis

Citation Formats

Zarubin, Vera A., Li, Tai-De, Humagain, Sunita, Ji, Haojie, Yager, Kevin G., Greenbaum, Steven G., and Vuong, Luat T. Improved Anisotropic Thermoelectric Behavior of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate) via Magnetophoresis. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1021/acsomega.8b00999.
Zarubin, Vera A., Li, Tai-De, Humagain, Sunita, Ji, Haojie, Yager, Kevin G., Greenbaum, Steven G., & Vuong, Luat T. Improved Anisotropic Thermoelectric Behavior of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate) via Magnetophoresis. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b00999
Zarubin, Vera A., Li, Tai-De, Humagain, Sunita, Ji, Haojie, Yager, Kevin G., Greenbaum, Steven G., and Vuong, Luat T. Wed . "Improved Anisotropic Thermoelectric Behavior of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate) via Magnetophoresis". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b00999. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1483563.
@article{osti_1483563,
title = {Improved Anisotropic Thermoelectric Behavior of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate) via Magnetophoresis},
author = {Zarubin, Vera A. and Li, Tai-De and Humagain, Sunita and Ji, Haojie and Yager, Kevin G. and Greenbaum, Steven G. and Vuong, Luat T.},
abstractNote = {There is strong demand for achieving morphological control of conducting polymers in its many potential applications, from energy harvesting to spintronics. Here, the static magnetic-field-induced alignment of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) particles is demonstrated. PEDOT:PSS thin films cast under modest mT-level magnetic fields exhibit a fourfold increase in the Seebeck coefficient and doubled electrical conductivity. Atomic force microscopy measurements confirm the presence of conducting islands that exhibit a 10-fold increase in the local charge carrier mobility and threshold behavior that is associated with phase separation. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy identifies a consistent structural coil-to-rod transition, and three-dimensional time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry imaging shows that the rodlike structures coincide with PEDOT domains that generally align with the magnetic field and cluster on the outer surface. Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, Raman spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance, and circular dichroism spectroscopy point to the physical nature of the magnetophoretic alignment, which is expected to occur via magnetic coupling of PEDOT domains with polaron modes. Because casting under mT-level magnetic fields increases the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of PEDOT:PSS thin films without additional dopants that commonly limit the thermoelectric performance, our research reveals that low-field magnetophoresis significantly influences the structure and corresponding physical properties of PEDOT:PSS. Our results also point to concerns that the presence of small external magnetic fields in laboratory settings may appreciably and inadvertently influence the PEDOT:PSS morphology during settling, drying, or annealing processes.},
doi = {10.1021/acsomega.8b00999},
journal = {ACS Omega},
number = 10,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Oct 03 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed Oct 03 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}

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The texture related anisotropy of thermoelectric properties in bismuth telluride based polycrystalline alloys
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  • Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.3643051

Substantial local variation of the Seebeck coefficient in gold nanowires
journal, January 2017

  • Zolotavin, Pavlo; Evans, Charlotte I.; Natelson, Douglas
  • Nanoscale, Vol. 9, Issue 26
  • DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02678a

Anisotropy of the seebeck coefficient in bismuth telluride
journal, March 1986


Grain boundary scattering effects on mobilities in p-type polycrystalline SnSe
journal, January 2017

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Synthesis of a Terpene-Based New Chiral Inducer and Preparation of an Asymmetric Polymer
journal, January 2015


How does PEDOT combine with PSS? Insights from structural studies
journal, January 2014

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  • RSC Adv., Vol. 4, Issue 83
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