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Title: Clogging and depinning of ballistic active matter systems in disordered media

Abstract

We numerically examine ballistic active disks driven through a random obstacle array. Formation of a pinned or clogged state occurs at much lower obstacle densities for the active disks than for passive disks. As a function of obstacle density, we identify several distinct phases including a depinned fluctuating cluster state, a pinned single-cluster or jammed state, a pinned multicluster state, a pinned gel state, and a pinned disordered state. At lower active disk densities, a drifting uniform liquid forms in the absence of obstacles, but when even a small number of obstacles are introduced, the disks organize into a pinned phase-separated cluster state in which clusters nucleate around the obstacles, similar to a wetting phenomenon. Here in this paper, we examine how the depinning threshold changes as a function of disk or obstacle density and find a crossover from a collectively pinned cluster state to a disordered plastic depinning transition as a function of increasing obstacle density. We compare this to the behavior of nonballistic active particles and show that as we vary the activity from completely passive to completely ballistic, a clogged phase-separated state appears in both the active and passive limits, while for intermediate activity, a readily flowingmore » liquid state appears and there is an optimal activity level that maximizes the flux through the sample.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]
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  1. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
OSTI Identifier:
1483506
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1438063
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-18-22535
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0045; PLEEE8
Grant/Contract Number:  
89233218CNA000001; AC52-06NA25396
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review E
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 97; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0045
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; Material Science

Citation Formats

Reichhardt, Charles, and Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane. Clogging and depinning of ballistic active matter systems in disordered media. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.97.052613.
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Reichhardt, Charles, & Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane. Clogging and depinning of ballistic active matter systems in disordered media. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.97.052613
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Reichhardt, Charles, and Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane. Mon . "Clogging and depinning of ballistic active matter systems in disordered media". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.97.052613. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1483506.
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@article{osti_1483506,
title = {Clogging and depinning of ballistic active matter systems in disordered media},
author = {Reichhardt, Charles and Reichhardt, Cynthia Jane},
abstractNote = {We numerically examine ballistic active disks driven through a random obstacle array. Formation of a pinned or clogged state occurs at much lower obstacle densities for the active disks than for passive disks. As a function of obstacle density, we identify several distinct phases including a depinned fluctuating cluster state, a pinned single-cluster or jammed state, a pinned multicluster state, a pinned gel state, and a pinned disordered state. At lower active disk densities, a drifting uniform liquid forms in the absence of obstacles, but when even a small number of obstacles are introduced, the disks organize into a pinned phase-separated cluster state in which clusters nucleate around the obstacles, similar to a wetting phenomenon. Here in this paper, we examine how the depinning threshold changes as a function of disk or obstacle density and find a crossover from a collectively pinned cluster state to a disordered plastic depinning transition as a function of increasing obstacle density. We compare this to the behavior of nonballistic active particles and show that as we vary the activity from completely passive to completely ballistic, a clogged phase-separated state appears in both the active and passive limits, while for intermediate activity, a readily flowing liquid state appears and there is an optimal activity level that maximizes the flux through the sample.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.97.052613},
journal = {Physical Review E},
number = 5,
volume = 97,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon May 21 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon May 21 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.97.052613
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Cited by: 32 works
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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: (a,b) An active ballistic system with an area coverage of $\phi$$a$ = 0.3495 active disks and $\phi$obs = 0.00393 obstacles for a total $\phi$tot = 0.3534. An external drift force of $F$$D$ = 0.05 is applied in the positive $x$-direction. (a) The fraction of disks in the largestmore » cluster, $C$max/$N$$a$, versus time in simulation time steps. (b) The drift velocity $V$ of the active disks vs time. There is a transition from a fluctuating cluster state that is drifting in the direction of drive, illustrated in Fig. 2(a), to a pinned single cluster, shown in Fig. 2(b). At the transition, $C$max/$N$$a$ abruptly increases to a value close to one and $V$ simultaneously drops nearly to zero. The letters a and b indicate the times corresponding to the images in Fig. 2(a,b). (c) $C$max/$N$$a$ and (d) $V$ vs time for the same system in the passive |F$m$| = 0 limit at $\phi$tot = 0.3534 and $\phi$obs = 0.1178. For this value of $\phi$tot, the system can reach a pinned or clogged state only when $\phi$obs ≥ 0.098. The system evolves over time into a pinned state, with a gradual drop in $V$ accompanied by a gradual increase in $C$max/$N$$a$ . The initial unclogged state at the time marked $c$ is illustrated in Fig. 2(c), while the $V$ = 0 pinned state at the time marked d is shown in Fig. 2(d).« less
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    From scalar to polar active matter: Connecting simulations with mean-field theory
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    Autonomous Engines Driven by Active Matter: Energetics and Design Principles
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