Time resolved surface photovoltage measurements using a big data capture approach to KPFM
Abstract
Optoelectronic behavior in materials such as organic/inorganic hybrid perovskites depend on a complex interplay between fast (electronic) and slower (ionic) processes. These processes are thought to be influenced by structural inhomogeneities (e.g. interfaces and grain boundaries) bringing forward the necessity for development of techniques capable of correlating nanostructure and photo-transport behavior. While Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is ideally suited to map surface potentials on relevant length scales, it lacks sufficient temporal resolution to extract the meaningful system dynamics. Here, we develop a time resolved surface photovoltage (SPV) measurement based on full information capture of the photodetector stream during open loop KPFM operation. G-Mode, or G-KPFM allows quantification of SPV with microsecond temporal and nanoscale spatial resolution. Using this technique, we observe concurrent spatial and fast temporal variations in the SPV generated across a methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) thin film, a possible indicator relating microstructure with heterogenous photo-transport behavior. Here, we further demonstrate the advantage of adopting big data analytics including unsupervised clustering methods to quickly discern spatial variability in the information rich SPV dataset. Beyond G-KPFM, such clustering methods will be useful for interpretation of the multidimensional datasets arising from the growing number of time resolved KPFM approaches nowmore »
- Authors:
-
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1483186
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nanotechnology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 29; Journal Issue: 44; Journal ID: ISSN 0957-4484
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Kelvin probe force microscopy; organic inorganic hybrid perovskite; surface photovoltage; time resolved; big data
Citation Formats
Collins, Liam, Ahmadi, Mahshid, Qin, Jiajun, Liu, Yongtao, Ovchinnikova, Olga S., Hu, Bin, Jesse, Stephen, and Kalinin, Sergei V. Time resolved surface photovoltage measurements using a big data capture approach to KPFM. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1088/1361-6528/aad873.
Collins, Liam, Ahmadi, Mahshid, Qin, Jiajun, Liu, Yongtao, Ovchinnikova, Olga S., Hu, Bin, Jesse, Stephen, & Kalinin, Sergei V. Time resolved surface photovoltage measurements using a big data capture approach to KPFM. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aad873
Collins, Liam, Ahmadi, Mahshid, Qin, Jiajun, Liu, Yongtao, Ovchinnikova, Olga S., Hu, Bin, Jesse, Stephen, and Kalinin, Sergei V. Thu .
"Time resolved surface photovoltage measurements using a big data capture approach to KPFM". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aad873. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1483186.
@article{osti_1483186,
title = {Time resolved surface photovoltage measurements using a big data capture approach to KPFM},
author = {Collins, Liam and Ahmadi, Mahshid and Qin, Jiajun and Liu, Yongtao and Ovchinnikova, Olga S. and Hu, Bin and Jesse, Stephen and Kalinin, Sergei V.},
abstractNote = {Optoelectronic behavior in materials such as organic/inorganic hybrid perovskites depend on a complex interplay between fast (electronic) and slower (ionic) processes. These processes are thought to be influenced by structural inhomogeneities (e.g. interfaces and grain boundaries) bringing forward the necessity for development of techniques capable of correlating nanostructure and photo-transport behavior. While Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is ideally suited to map surface potentials on relevant length scales, it lacks sufficient temporal resolution to extract the meaningful system dynamics. Here, we develop a time resolved surface photovoltage (SPV) measurement based on full information capture of the photodetector stream during open loop KPFM operation. G-Mode, or G-KPFM allows quantification of SPV with microsecond temporal and nanoscale spatial resolution. Using this technique, we observe concurrent spatial and fast temporal variations in the SPV generated across a methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) thin film, a possible indicator relating microstructure with heterogenous photo-transport behavior. Here, we further demonstrate the advantage of adopting big data analytics including unsupervised clustering methods to quickly discern spatial variability in the information rich SPV dataset. Beyond G-KPFM, such clustering methods will be useful for interpretation of the multidimensional datasets arising from the growing number of time resolved KPFM approaches now available.},
doi = {10.1088/1361-6528/aad873},
journal = {Nanotechnology},
number = 44,
volume = 29,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Sep 06 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Thu Sep 06 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
Web of Science
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