Laser metal deposition of compositionally graded TiZrNbTa refractory high-entropy alloys using elemental powder blends

Dobbelstein, Henrik; Gurevich, Evgeny L.; George, Easo P.; Ostendorf, Andreas; Laplanche, Guillaume

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2018.10.042

Title: Laser metal deposition of compositionally graded TiZrNbTa refractory high-entropy alloys using elemental powder blends

Abstract

In the present study, laser metal deposition (LMD) was used to produce compositionally graded refractory high-entropy alloys (HEAs) for screening purposes by in-situ alloying of elemental powder blends. A compositional gradient from Ti₂₅Zr₅₀Nb₀Ta₂₅ to Ti₂₅Zr₀Nb₅₀Ta₂₅ is obtained by incrementally substituting Zr powder with Nb powder. A suitable strategy was developed to process the powder blend despite several challenges such as the high melting points of the refractory elements and the large differences in melting points among them. The influence of the LMD process on the final chemical composition was analyzed in detail and the LMD process was optimized to obtain a well-defined compositional gradient. Microstructures, textures, chemical compositions and mechanical properties were characterized using SEM, EBSD, EDX, and microhardness testing, respectively. Compositions between Ti₂₅Zr₀Nb₅₀Ta₂₅ and Ti₂₅Zr₂₅Nb₂₅Ta₂₅ were found to be single-phase bcc solid solutions with a coarse grain microstructure. Increasing the Zr to Nb ratio beyond the equiatomic composition results in finer and harder multiphase microstructures. Furthermore, the results shown in the present study clearly show for the first time that LMD is a suitable processing tool to screen HEAs over a range of chemical compositions.

Authors:

Dobbelstein, Henrik; Gurevich, Evgeny L.; George, Easo P.;

;

Publication Date:: Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1771855

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1483170

Grant/Contract Number:: LA3607/3; GU1075/12; AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Additive Manufacturing

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Additive Manufacturing Journal Volume: 25 Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 2214-8604

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: Netherlands

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; High-entropy alloys; Refractory alloys; Laser metal deposition; Compositional gradient; Material screening; Additive manufacturing

Citation Formats


                    Dobbelstein, Henrik, Gurevich, Evgeny L., George, Easo P., Ostendorf, Andreas, and Laplanche, Guillaume. Laser metal deposition of compositionally graded TiZrNbTa refractory high-entropy alloys using elemental powder blends.  Netherlands: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.addma.2018.10.042.

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                    Dobbelstein, Henrik, Gurevich, Evgeny L., George, Easo P., Ostendorf, Andreas, & Laplanche, Guillaume. Laser metal deposition of compositionally graded TiZrNbTa refractory high-entropy alloys using elemental powder blends.  Netherlands.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2018.10.042

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                    Dobbelstein, Henrik, Gurevich, Evgeny L., George, Easo P., Ostendorf, Andreas, and Laplanche, Guillaume. Tue .  
"Laser metal deposition of compositionally graded TiZrNbTa refractory high-entropy alloys using elemental powder blends".  Netherlands.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2018.10.042.

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@article{osti_1771855,

  title        = {Laser metal deposition of compositionally graded TiZrNbTa refractory high-entropy alloys using elemental powder blends},

  author       = {Dobbelstein, Henrik and Gurevich, Evgeny L. and George, Easo P. and Ostendorf, Andreas and Laplanche, Guillaume},

  abstractNote = {In the present study, laser metal deposition (LMD) was used to produce compositionally graded refractory high-entropy alloys (HEAs) for screening purposes by in-situ alloying of elemental powder blends. A compositional gradient from Ti25Zr50Nb0Ta25 to Ti25Zr0Nb50Ta25 is obtained by incrementally substituting Zr powder with Nb powder. A suitable strategy was developed to process the powder blend despite several challenges such as the high melting points of the refractory elements and the large differences in melting points among them. The influence of the LMD process on the final chemical composition was analyzed in detail and the LMD process was optimized to obtain a well-defined compositional gradient. Microstructures, textures, chemical compositions and mechanical properties were characterized using SEM, EBSD, EDX, and microhardness testing, respectively. Compositions between Ti25Zr0Nb50Ta25 and Ti25Zr25Nb25Ta25 were found to be single-phase bcc solid solutions with a coarse grain microstructure. Increasing the Zr to Nb ratio beyond the equiatomic composition results in finer and harder multiphase microstructures. Furthermore, the results shown in the present study clearly show for the first time that LMD is a suitable processing tool to screen HEAs over a range of chemical compositions.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.addma.2018.10.042},

  journal      = {Additive Manufacturing},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 25,

  place        = {Netherlands},

  year         = {Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2019},

  month        = {Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2019}

}

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Title: Laser metal deposition of compositionally graded TiZrNbTa refractory high-entropy alloys using elemental powder blends

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Simultaneously increasing the strength and ductility of a refractory high-entropy alloy via grain refining
journal, December 2016

Developing Gradient Metal Alloys through Radial Deposition Additive Manufacturing
journal, June 2014

Plastic deformation properties of Zr–Nb–Ti–Ta–Hf high-entropy alloys
journal, March 2015

Theory of strengthening in fcc high entropy alloys
journal, October 2016

Nanostructured High-Entropy Alloys with Multiple Principal Elements: Novel Alloy Design Concepts and Outcomes
journal, May 2004

Microstructure and properties of a refractory high-entropy alloy after cold working
journal, November 2015

Laser Metal Deposition of the Intermetallic TiAl Alloy
journal, March 2017

Compositional effect on microstructure and properties of NbTiZr-based complex concentrated alloys
journal, June 2018

High-Entropy Alloys – A New Era of Exploitation
journal, November 2007

Aging behavior of the HfNbTaTiZr high entropy alloy
journal, January 2018

High-entropy alloys: a critical assessment of their founding principles and future prospects
journal, April 2016

Direct Metal Deposition of Refractory High Entropy Alloy MoNbTaW
journal, January 2016

Effect of cryo-deformation on structure and properties of CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy
journal, April 2015

Thermal activation parameters of plastic flow reveal deformation mechanisms in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy
journal, January 2018

Solution strengthening of ductile refractory HfMo x NbTaTiZr high-entropy alloys
journal, July 2016

Practical considerations and capabilities for laser assisted direct metal deposition
journal, August 2000

Elastic and plastic properties of as-cast equimolar TiHfZrTaNb high-entropy alloy
journal, January 2016

(TiZrNbTa)-Mo high-entropy alloys: Dependence of microstructure and mechanical properties on Mo concentration and modeling of solid solution strengthening
journal, April 2018

Reasons for the superior mechanical properties of medium-entropy CrCoNi compared to high-entropy CrMnFeCoNi
journal, April 2017

New structure in refractory high-entropy alloys
journal, October 2014

Microstructure of a near-equimolar refractory high-entropy alloy
journal, July 2014

Size effect, critical resolved shear stress, stacking fault energy, and solid solution strengthening in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy
journal, October 2016

A fracture-resistant high-entropy alloy for cryogenic applications
journal, September 2014

Design and tensile properties of a bcc Ti-rich high-entropy alloy with transformation-induced plasticity
journal, August 2016

Microstructural evolution of a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy after swaging and annealing
journal, October 2015

Synthesis and characterization of refractory TiZrNbWMo high-entropy alloy coating by laser cladding
journal, February 2017

Atomistic simulations of dislocations in a model BCC multicomponent concentrated solid solution alloy
journal, February 2017

Microstructure evolution and critical stress for twinning in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy
journal, October 2016

Characterization of copper–nickel alloys fabricated using laser metal deposition and blended powder feedstocks
journal, March 2019