Complementarities of supply and demand sides in integrated energy systems
- Vector Ltd., Auckland (New Zealand)
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Univ. College Dublin (Ireland)
New small-scale demand-side technologies, such as micro combined heat and power technologies (uCHPs) and heat pumps (HPs), offer opportunities to increase system-wide efficiency. Furthermore, the technical and economic characteristics of demand-side technologies could also complement the supply side by providing system services, such as adequacy and flexibility, which are increasingly required due to high variable renewable energy penetration. A capacity expansion methodology that captures the interactions between the supply and demand sides is developed to find cost-optimal and adequate investment portfolios. For the case study presented, the integrated energy system leverages the technical and economic complementarities of different supply and demand-side technologies. As a result, system integration using demand-side technologies improves the value proposition for decentralization given that the technologies can provide heat demand, while also meeting electricity demand and providing adequacy and flexibility.
- Research Organization:
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- OSTI ID:
- 1480916
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5C00-72713
- Journal Information:
- IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 10, Issue 1; ISSN 1949-3053
- Publisher:
- IEEECopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Web of Science
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