KVOPO4: A New High Capacity Multielectron Na-Ion Battery Cathode

Ding, Jia; Lin, Yuh -Chieh; Liu, Jue; Rana, Jatinkumar; Zhang, Hanlei; Zhou, Hui; Chu, Iek -Heng; Wiaderek, Kamila M.; Omenya, Fredrick; Chernova, Natasha A.; Chapman, Karena W.; Piper, Louis F. J.; Ong, Shyue Ping; Whittingham, M. Stanley

doi:10.1002/aenm.201800221

Title: KVOPO₄: A New High Capacity Multielectron Na-Ion Battery Cathode

Journal Article · 09 May 2018 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201800221 · OSTI ID:1480492

Ding, Jia ^[1]; Lin, Yuh -Chieh ^[2]; Liu, Jue ^[3]; Rana, Jatinkumar ^[1]; Zhang, Hanlei ^[1]; Zhou, Hui ^[1]; Chu, Iek -Heng ^[2]; Wiaderek, Kamila M. ^[4]; Omenya, Fredrick ^[1]; Chernova, Natasha A. ^[1]; Chapman, Karena W. ^[4]; Piper, Louis F. J. ^[1]; Ong, Shyue Ping ^[2];

^[1]

Binghamton Univ., Binghamton, NY (United States)
Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Abstract Sodium ion batteries have attracted much attention in recent years, due to the higher abundance and lower cost of sodium, as an alternative to lithium ion batteries. However, a major challenge is their lower energy density. In this work, we report a novel multi‐electron cathode material, KVOPO ₄ , for sodium ion batteries. Due to the unique polyhedral framework, the V ³⁺ ↔ V ⁴⁺ ↔ V ⁵⁺ redox couple was for the first time fully activated by sodium ions in a vanadyl phosphate phase. The KVOPO ₄ based cathode delivered reversible multiple sodium (i.e. maximum 1.66 Na ⁺ per formula unit) storage capability, which leads to a high specific capacity of 235 Ah kg ⁻¹ . Combining an average voltage of 2.56 V vs. Na/Na ⁺ , a high practical energy density of over 600 Wh kg ⁻¹ was achieved, the highest yet reported for any sodium cathode material. The cathode exhibits a very small volume change upon cycling (1.4% for 0.64 sodium and 8.0% for 1.66 sodium ions). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the KVOPO ₄ framework is a 3D ionic conductor with a reasonably, low Na ⁺ migration energy barrier of ≈450 meV, in line with the good rate capability obtained.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1480492

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1436544

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 21; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 44 works

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Title: KVOPO4: A New High Capacity Multielectron Na-Ion Battery Cathode

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Title: KVOPO₄: A New High Capacity Multielectron Na-Ion Battery Cathode