Effects of asymmetry and hot-spot shape on ignition capsules

Cheng, Baolian; Kwan, Thomas J. T.; Yi, S. A.; Landen, Otto L.; Wang, Yi -Ming; Cerjan, Charlie J.; Batha, Steven H.; Wysocki, Fred J.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.98.023203

Title: Effects of asymmetry and hot-spot shape on ignition capsules

Abstract

Asymmetric implosion of inertial confinement fusion capsules is known, both experimentally and computationally, to reduce thermonuclear performance. This work shows that low-mode asymmetries degrade performance as a result of a decrease in the hydrodynamic disassembly time of the hot-spot core, which scales with the minimum dimension of the hot spot. The asymmetric shape of a hot spot results in decreased temperatures and areal densities and allows more alpha particles to escape, relative to an ideal spherical implosion, thus reducing alpha-energy deposition in the hot spot. Here, we extend previous ignition theory to include the hot-spot shape and quantify the effects of implosion asymmetry on both the ignition criterion and the capsule performance. The ignition criterion becomes more stringent with increasing deformation of the hot spot. The new theoretical results are validated by comparison with existing experimental data obtained at the National Ignition Facility. The shape effects on thermonuclear performance are relatively more noticeable for capsules having self-heating and high yields. As a result, the degradation of thermonuclear burn can be as high as 45% for shots with a yield lower than 2 × 10¹⁵ and less than 30% for shots with a higher yield.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Landen, Otto L. ^[2]; Wang, Yi -Ming ^[1]; Cerjan, Charlie J. ^[2];

^[1]; Wysocki, Fred J. ^[1]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: 2018-08-13

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1480029

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1464320

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-18-23151
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0045; PLEEE8

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; W-7405-ENG-36

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review E

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 98; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0045

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Cheng, Baolian, Kwan, Thomas J. T., Yi, S. A., Landen, Otto L., Wang, Yi -Ming, Cerjan, Charlie J., Batha, Steven H., and Wysocki, Fred J. Effects of asymmetry and hot-spot shape on ignition capsules.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
        Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.98.023203.

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                    Cheng, Baolian, Kwan, Thomas J. T., Yi, S. A., Landen, Otto L., Wang, Yi -Ming, Cerjan, Charlie J., Batha, Steven H., & Wysocki, Fred J. Effects of asymmetry and hot-spot shape on ignition capsules.  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.98.023203

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                    Cheng, Baolian, Kwan, Thomas J. T., Yi, S. A., Landen, Otto L., Wang, Yi -Ming, Cerjan, Charlie J., Batha, Steven H., and Wysocki, Fred J. Mon .  
        "Effects of asymmetry and hot-spot shape on ignition capsules".  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.98.023203.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1480029.

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@article{osti_1480029,

  title        = {Effects of asymmetry and hot-spot shape on ignition capsules},

  author       = {Cheng, Baolian and Kwan, Thomas J. T. and Yi, S. A. and Landen, Otto L. and Wang, Yi -Ming and Cerjan, Charlie J. and Batha, Steven H. and Wysocki, Fred J.},

  abstractNote = {Asymmetric implosion of inertial confinement fusion capsules is known, both experimentally and computationally, to reduce thermonuclear performance. This work shows that low-mode asymmetries degrade performance as a result of a decrease in the hydrodynamic disassembly time of the hot-spot core, which scales with the minimum dimension of the hot spot. The asymmetric shape of a hot spot results in decreased temperatures and areal densities and allows more alpha particles to escape, relative to an ideal spherical implosion, thus reducing alpha-energy deposition in the hot spot. Here, we extend previous ignition theory to include the hot-spot shape and quantify the effects of implosion asymmetry on both the ignition criterion and the capsule performance. The ignition criterion becomes more stringent with increasing deformation of the hot spot. The new theoretical results are validated by comparison with existing experimental data obtained at the National Ignition Facility. The shape effects on thermonuclear performance are relatively more noticeable for capsules having self-heating and high yields. As a result, the degradation of thermonuclear burn can be as high as 45% for shots with a yield lower than 2 × 1015 and less than 30% for shots with a higher yield.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevE.98.023203},

  journal      = {Physical Review E},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 98,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {8}

}

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.98.023203

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Works referenced in this record:

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Works referencing / citing this record:

A theoretical model for low-mode asymmetries in ICF implosions
journal, February 2019

Zhang, Cunbo; Yu, Chengxin; Yang, Chen
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1063/1.5082586

Analysis of NIF scaling using physics informed machine learning
journal, January 2020

Hsu, Abigail; Cheng, Baolian; Bradley, Paul A.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 27, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1063/1.5130585

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Title: Effects of asymmetry and hot-spot shape on ignition capsules

Abstract

Citation Formats

Review of heavy-ion inertial fusion physics journal, March 2016

Escape of α Particles from a Laser-Pulse-Initiated Thermonuclear Reaction journal, April 1973

Effects of preheat and mix on the fuel adiabat of an imploding capsule journal, December 2016

Zonal flow generation in inertial confinement fusion implosions journal, March 2017

Ignition condition and gain prediction for perturbed inertial confinement fusion targets journal, November 2001

Analysis of NIF experiments with the minimal energy implosion model journal, August 2015

Results from neutron imaging of ICF experiments at NIF journal, March 2016

Integrated diagnostic analysis of inertial confinement fusion capsule performance journal, May 2013

Effect of Nonuniform Implosion of Target on Fusion Parameters journal, October 1984

Detailed implosion modeling of deuterium-tritium layered experiments on the National Ignition Facility journal, May 2013

Improving the hot-spot pressure and demonstrating ignition hydrodynamic equivalence in cryogenic deuterium–tritium implosions on OMEGA journal, May 2014

Influence of Nonuniform Laser Intensities on Ablatively Accelerated Targets journal, January 1982

The physics of long- and intermediate-wavelength asymmetries of the hot spot: Compression hydrodynamics and energetics journal, October 2017

Thermonuclear burn characteristics of compressed deuterium-tritium microspheres journal, January 1974

Point design targets, specifications, and requirements for the 2010 ignition campaign on the National Ignition Facility journal, May 2011

Thermonuclear reaction rates V journal, November 1988

Improved formulas for fusion cross-sections and thermal reactivities journal, April 1992

Ignition and pusher adiabat journal, June 2018

Three-dimensional hydrodynamics of the deceleration stage in inertial confinement fusion journal, March 2015

Three-dimensional simulations of low foot and high foot implosion experiments on the National Ignition Facility journal, March 2016

Scaling laws for ignition at the National Ignition Facility from first principles journal, October 2013

On thermonuclear ignition criterion at the National Ignition Facility journal, October 2014

Radiation hydrodynamics modeling of the highest compression inertial confinement fusion ignition experiment from the National Ignition Campaign journal, February 2015

Impeding Hohlraum Plasma Stagnation in Inertial-Confinement Fusion journal, January 2012

Three-dimensional modeling of direct-drive cryogenic implosions on OMEGA journal, May 2016

Signatures of asymmetry in neutron spectra and images predicted by three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations of indirect drive implosions journal, May 2016

A theoretical model for low-mode asymmetries in ICF implosions journal, February 2019

Analysis of NIF scaling using physics informed machine learning journal, January 2020

Review of heavy-ion inertial fusion physics
journal, March 2016

Escape of α Particles from a Laser-Pulse-Initiated Thermonuclear Reaction
journal, April 1973

Effects of preheat and mix on the fuel adiabat of an imploding capsule
journal, December 2016

Zonal flow generation in inertial confinement fusion implosions
journal, March 2017

Ignition condition and gain prediction for perturbed inertial confinement fusion targets
journal, November 2001

Analysis of NIF experiments with the minimal energy implosion model
journal, August 2015

Results from neutron imaging of ICF experiments at NIF
journal, March 2016

Integrated diagnostic analysis of inertial confinement fusion capsule performance
journal, May 2013

Effect of Nonuniform Implosion of Target on Fusion Parameters
journal, October 1984

Detailed implosion modeling of deuterium-tritium layered experiments on the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2013

Improving the hot-spot pressure and demonstrating ignition hydrodynamic equivalence in cryogenic deuterium–tritium implosions on OMEGA
journal, May 2014

Influence of Nonuniform Laser Intensities on Ablatively Accelerated Targets
journal, January 1982

The physics of long- and intermediate-wavelength asymmetries of the hot spot: Compression hydrodynamics and energetics
journal, October 2017

Thermonuclear burn characteristics of compressed deuterium-tritium microspheres
journal, January 1974

Point design targets, specifications, and requirements for the 2010 ignition campaign on the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2011

Thermonuclear reaction rates V
journal, November 1988

Improved formulas for fusion cross-sections and thermal reactivities
journal, April 1992

Ignition and pusher adiabat
journal, June 2018

Three-dimensional hydrodynamics of the deceleration stage in inertial confinement fusion
journal, March 2015

Three-dimensional simulations of low foot and high foot implosion experiments on the National Ignition Facility
journal, March 2016

Scaling laws for ignition at the National Ignition Facility from first principles
journal, October 2013

On thermonuclear ignition criterion at the National Ignition Facility
journal, October 2014

Radiation hydrodynamics modeling of the highest compression inertial confinement fusion ignition experiment from the National Ignition Campaign
journal, February 2015

Impeding Hohlraum Plasma Stagnation in Inertial-Confinement Fusion
journal, January 2012

Three-dimensional modeling of direct-drive cryogenic implosions on OMEGA
journal, May 2016

Signatures of asymmetry in neutron spectra and images predicted by three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations of indirect drive implosions
journal, May 2016

A theoretical model for low-mode asymmetries in ICF implosions
journal, February 2019

Analysis of NIF scaling using physics informed machine learning
journal, January 2020