Fractionation of REE, U, and Th in natural ore-forming hydrothermal systems: Thermodynamic modeling

Migdissov, Artaches; Guo, Xiaofeng; Nisbet, Haylea Dawn; Xu, Hongwu; Williams-Jones, Anthony E

doi:10.1016/j.jct.2018.08.032

Title: Fractionation of REE, U, and Th in natural ore-forming hydrothermal systems: Thermodynamic modeling

Journal Article · 21 August 2018 · Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2018.08.032 · OSTI ID:1479963

^[1]; Guo, Xiaofeng ^[2];

^[1];

^[1]; Williams-Jones, Anthony E ^[3]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Alexandra Navrotsky Inst. for Experimental Thermodynamics
McGill Univ., Montreal, QC (Canada). Dept of Earth and Planetary Sciences

This contribution presents a thermodynamic model revealing the mechanisms responsible for separation of Heavy and Light Rare Earth (HREE and LREE) phosphates in natural hydrothermal systems at temperatures of 250–350 °C. Our calculations were performed for an isothermal column of rock containing 0.5 wt% of apatite (Ca phosphate), which served as an immobilizing agent for REE dissolved in the solution. REE were transported by 10 wt% NaCl acidic solution. The model accounted for formation of REE phosphate solid solutions through a regular mixing model. It demonstrates that hydrothermal flushing can efficiently separate REE forming xenotime (HREE phosphate solid solutions) at the beginning of the column, and re-transportation of monazite (LREE rich) to the end of the column. This separation is primarily due to the fact that at elevated temperatures stability LREE chloride complexes is significantly higher than that for HREE. The model also evaluates behavior of U and Th, which accompany REE in vast majority of natural locations. It was found that U strongly fractionates to xenotime, whereas Th fractionates to monazite. Finally, this phenomenon can be explained by the differences in crystal-chemical characteristics between monazite and xenotime, and the mobility of Th in aqueous solutions at elevated temperatures.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1479963

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1702370

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--18-27417

Journal Information:: Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Journal Name: Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics Journal Issue: C Vol. 128; ISSN 0021-9614

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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