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Title: Uranium exchange kinetics in a molten LiCl-KCl/Cd system at 500 °C

Abstract

A dissolution experiment is performed in order to examine the kinetics of uranium isotope equilibration in a molten salt and cadmium system. The salt contains a solute concentration of UCl3 in LiCl-KCl eutectic and the cadmium contained dissolved uranium at 500 °C. A small piece of high enriched uranium is introduced to the cadmium, which perturbs the equilibrium with respect to the uranium enrichment of the salt and cadmium phases. The series of salt and cadmium samples trace how the enrichment of the two phases reach equilibrium (in the absence of a chemical driving force) over the course of approximately 24 h. Here, a model linking dissolution and isotope exchange kinetics is developed to track the evolution of uranium isotope composition. With the assumption of unaccounted salt mass incurred from the dated sample reporting practice, the model explains the trend of the measured uranium isotope composition well.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1]
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  1. Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)
OSTI Identifier:
1478485
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1548097
Report Number(s):
INL/JOU-18-44721-Rev000
Journal ID: ISSN 0022-3115
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC07-05ID14517
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Nuclear Materials
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 508; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-3115
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS; pyroprocessing; molten salt; cadmium; exchange current density; uranium; electrorefining

Citation Formats

Yoo, Tae -Sic, Fredrickson, Guy L., and Teske, Gregory M. Uranium exchange kinetics in a molten LiCl-KCl/Cd system at 500 °C. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.05.059.
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Yoo, Tae -Sic, Fredrickson, Guy L., & Teske, Gregory M. Uranium exchange kinetics in a molten LiCl-KCl/Cd system at 500 °C. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.05.059
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Yoo, Tae -Sic, Fredrickson, Guy L., and Teske, Gregory M. Thu . "Uranium exchange kinetics in a molten LiCl-KCl/Cd system at 500 °C". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.05.059. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1478485.
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@article{osti_1478485,
title = {Uranium exchange kinetics in a molten LiCl-KCl/Cd system at 500 °C},
author = {Yoo, Tae -Sic and Fredrickson, Guy L. and Teske, Gregory M.},
abstractNote = {A dissolution experiment is performed in order to examine the kinetics of uranium isotope equilibration in a molten salt and cadmium system. The salt contains a solute concentration of UCl3 in LiCl-KCl eutectic and the cadmium contained dissolved uranium at 500 °C. A small piece of high enriched uranium is introduced to the cadmium, which perturbs the equilibrium with respect to the uranium enrichment of the salt and cadmium phases. The series of salt and cadmium samples trace how the enrichment of the two phases reach equilibrium (in the absence of a chemical driving force) over the course of approximately 24 h. Here, a model linking dissolution and isotope exchange kinetics is developed to track the evolution of uranium isotope composition. With the assumption of unaccounted salt mass incurred from the dated sample reporting practice, the model explains the trend of the measured uranium isotope composition well.},
doi = {10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.05.059},
journal = {Journal of Nuclear Materials},
number = C,
volume = 508,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {5}
}
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Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.05.059
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Cited by: 2 works
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Photograph of the Inside of the HFDA Furnace: 1) inner crucible, 2) salt, 3) furnace liner
All figures and tables (14 total)
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Works referenced in this record:

Diffusion behavior of actinide and lanthanide elements in molten salt for reductive extraction
journal, October 2007

A Computational Model of the Mark-IV Electrorefiner: Phase I—Fuel Basket/Salt Interface
journal, June 2009

  • Hoover, Robert; Phongikaroon, Supathorn; Li, Shelly
  • Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 131, Issue 5
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Computational Model of the Mark-IV Electrorefiner: Two-Dimensional Potential and Current Distributions
journal, February 2011

  • Hoover, Robert O.; Phongikaroon, Supathorn; Simpson, Michael F.
  • Nuclear Technology, Vol. 173, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.13182/NT11-A11546

SELECTIVE REDUCTION OF ACTIVE METAL CHLORIDES FROM MOLTEN LiCl-KCl USING LITHIUM DRAWDOWN
journal, October 2012

  • Simpson, Michael F.; Yoo, Tae-Sic; Labrier, Daniel
  • Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Vol. 44, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.5516/NET.06.2011.010

Kinetic model for electrorefining, part I: Model development and validation
journal, January 2014

Optimization of UCl 3 and MgCl 2 separation from molten LiCl-KCl eutectic salt via galvanic drawdown with sacrificial Gd anode
journal, July 2018

Analysis of Equilibrium Methods for the Computational Model of the Mark-Iv Electr Orefiner
journal, December 2011

  • Cumberland, Riley; Hoover, Robert; Phongikaroon, Supathorn
  • Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Vol. 43, Issue 6
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Transient modeling of spent nuclear fuel electrorefining with liquid metal electrode
journal, August 2017

Electrotransport of Uranium from a Liquid Cadmium Anode to a Solid Cathode
journal, October 2002

  • Ahluwalia, Rajesh K.; Hua, Thanh Q.
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Dependence of Reaction Velocity upon Surface and Agitation
journal, October 1931

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Determining the Exchange Current Density and Tafel Constant for Uranium in LiCl/KCl Eutectic
journal, October 2014

  • Rose, M. A.; Williamson, M. A.; Willit, J.
  • ECS Electrochemistry Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 1
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Study on Exchange Current Density and Transfer Coefficient of Uranium in LiCl-KCl Molten Salt
journal, January 2015

  • Lim, Keun Hong; Park, Seung; Yun, Jong-Il
  • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1149/2.0571514jes

Electrochemical and Thermodynamic Properties of CeCl 3 on Liquid Cadmium Cathode (LCC) in LiCl-KCl Eutectic Salt
journal, January 2016

  • Yoon, Dalsung; Phongikaroon, Supathorn; Zhang, Jinsuo
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  • DOI: 10.1149/2.0101605jes

Exchange current density of Th4+|Th couple in LiCl-KCl eutectic
journal, December 2016

Exchange Current Density and Diffusion Layer Thickness in Molten LiCl-KCl Eutectic: A Modeling Perspective for Pyroprocessing of Metal Fuels
journal, September 2016

  • Ghosh, Suddhasattwa; Kumar, Krishan; Venkatesh, Aligati
  • Nuclear Technology, Vol. 195, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.13182/NT16-37

Exchange current density of Gd(III)/Gd reaction in LiCl-KCl eutectic and analysis of errors caused by various methods
journal, January 2018

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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Review—Electrochemical Measurements in Molten Salt Systems: A Guide and Perspective
    journal, January 2019

    • Fredrickson, Guy L.; Cao, Guoping; Tripathy, Prabhat K.
    • Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 13
    • DOI: 10.1149/2.0991913jes
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      Figures / Tables found in this record:

      Figure 1 (p. 6)figure
      Figure 2 (p. 6)figure
      Figure 3 (p. 7)figure
      Table 1 (p. 8)table
      Table 2 (p. 9)table
      Figure 4 (p. 11)figure
      Figure 5 (p. 11)figure
      Figure 6 (p. 12)figure
      Figure 7 (p. 12)figure
      Figure 8 (p. 13)figure
      Figure 9 (p. 13)figure
      Figure 11 (p. 18)figure
      Table 3 (p. 18)table
      Figure 12 (p. 20)figure
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