Anatomy of a fumarolic system inferred from a multiphysics approach

Gresse, Marceau; Vandemeulebrouck, Jean; Byrdina, Svetlana; Chiodini, Giovanni; Roux, Philippe; Rinaldi, Antonio Pio; Wathelet, Marc; Ricci, Tullio; Letort, Jean; Petrillo, Zaccaria; Tuccimei, Paola; Lucchetti, Carlo; Sciarra, Alessandra

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-25448-y

Title: Anatomy of a fumarolic system inferred from a multiphysics approach

Abstract

Fumaroles are a common manifestation of volcanic activity that are associated with large emissions of gases into the atmosphere. These gases originate from the magma, and they can provide indirect and unique insights into magmatic processes. Therefore, they are extensively used to monitor and forecast eruptive activity. During their ascent, the magmatic gases interact with the rock and hydrothermal fluids, which modify their geochemical compositions. These interactions can complicate our understanding of the real volcanic dynamics and remain poorly considered. Here, we present the first complete imagery of a fumarolic plumbing system using three-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography and new acoustic noise localization. We delineate a gas reservoir that feeds the fumaroles through distinct channels. Based on this geometry, a thermodynamic model reveals that near-surface mixing between gas and condensed steam explains the distinct geochemical compositions of fumaroles that originate from the same source. Such modeling of fluid interactions will allow for the simulation of dynamic processes of magmatic degassing, which is crucial to the monitoring of volcanic unrest.

Authors:

^[1]; Vandemeulebrouck, Jean ^[2]; Byrdina, Svetlana ^[2];

^[3]; Roux, Philippe ^[2];

^[4]; Wathelet, Marc ^[2];

^[5]; Letort, Jean ^[2]; Petrillo, Zaccaria ^[6]; Tuccimei, Paola ^[7]; Lucchetti, Carlo ^[7];

^[6]

Univ. of Grenoble (France). Inst. of Earth Sciences (ISTerre); Univ. of Tokyo (Japan). Earthquake Research Inst.
Univ. of Grenoble (France). Inst. of Earth Sciences (ISTerre)
National Inst. of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), Bologna (Italy)
Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zurich) (Switzerland)
National Inst. of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), Rome (Italy)
National Inst. of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), Naples (Italy). Vesuvius Observatory
Roma Tre Univ., Rome (Italy)

Publication Date:: Tue May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE; Rhône-Alpes Region (France); National Agency for Research (ANR) (France); European Union (EU)

OSTI Identifier:: 1477420

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; CPER07_13 CIRA; ANR10 LABX56; ANR-10-EQPX-29-01; 308665

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Scientific Reports

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 58 GEOSCIENCES; geochemistry; geophysics; hydrogeology; seismology; volcanology

Citation Formats


                    Gresse, Marceau, Vandemeulebrouck, Jean, Byrdina, Svetlana, Chiodini, Giovanni, Roux, Philippe, Rinaldi, Antonio Pio, Wathelet, Marc, Ricci, Tullio, Letort, Jean, Petrillo, Zaccaria, Tuccimei, Paola, Lucchetti, Carlo, and Sciarra, Alessandra. Anatomy of a fumarolic system inferred from a multiphysics approach.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1038/s41598-018-25448-y.

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                    Gresse, Marceau, Vandemeulebrouck, Jean, Byrdina, Svetlana, Chiodini, Giovanni, Roux, Philippe, Rinaldi, Antonio Pio, Wathelet, Marc, Ricci, Tullio, Letort, Jean, Petrillo, Zaccaria, Tuccimei, Paola, Lucchetti, Carlo, & Sciarra, Alessandra. Anatomy of a fumarolic system inferred from a multiphysics approach.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25448-y

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                    Gresse, Marceau, Vandemeulebrouck, Jean, Byrdina, Svetlana, Chiodini, Giovanni, Roux, Philippe, Rinaldi, Antonio Pio, Wathelet, Marc, Ricci, Tullio, Letort, Jean, Petrillo, Zaccaria, Tuccimei, Paola, Lucchetti, Carlo, and Sciarra, Alessandra. Tue .  
"Anatomy of a fumarolic system inferred from a multiphysics approach".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25448-y.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1477420.

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@article{osti_1477420,

  title        = {Anatomy of a fumarolic system inferred from a multiphysics approach},

  author       = {Gresse, Marceau and Vandemeulebrouck, Jean and Byrdina, Svetlana and Chiodini, Giovanni and Roux, Philippe and Rinaldi, Antonio Pio and Wathelet, Marc and Ricci, Tullio and Letort, Jean and Petrillo, Zaccaria and Tuccimei, Paola and Lucchetti, Carlo and Sciarra, Alessandra},

  abstractNote = {Fumaroles are a common manifestation of volcanic activity that are associated with large emissions of gases into the atmosphere. These gases originate from the magma, and they can provide indirect and unique insights into magmatic processes. Therefore, they are extensively used to monitor and forecast eruptive activity. During their ascent, the magmatic gases interact with the rock and hydrothermal fluids, which modify their geochemical compositions. These interactions can complicate our understanding of the real volcanic dynamics and remain poorly considered. Here, we present the first complete imagery of a fumarolic plumbing system using three-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography and new acoustic noise localization. We delineate a gas reservoir that feeds the fumaroles through distinct channels. Based on this geometry, a thermodynamic model reveals that near-surface mixing between gas and condensed steam explains the distinct geochemical compositions of fumaroles that originate from the same source. Such modeling of fluid interactions will allow for the simulation of dynamic processes of magmatic degassing, which is crucial to the monitoring of volcanic unrest.},

  doi          = {10.1038/s41598-018-25448-y},

  journal      = {Scientific Reports},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 8,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Tue May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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Title: Anatomy of a fumarolic system inferred from a multiphysics approach

Abstract

Citation Formats

Multiscale matched-field processing for noise-source localization in exploration geophysics journal, September 2012

New constraints on the pyroclastic eruptive history of the Campanian volcanic Plain (Italy) journal, November 2001

Electrical conductivity, ground displacement, gravity changes, and gas flow at Solfatara crater (Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy): Results from numerical modeling journal, October 2011

The plumbing of Old Faithful Geyser revealed by hydrothermal tremor: OLD FAITHFUL GEYSER journal, May 2013

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High-resolution shallow seismic tomography of a hydrothermal area: application to the Solfatara, Pozzuoli: High-resolution shallow seismic tomography journal, April 2012

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Modeling of unrest signals in heterogeneous hydrothermal systems journal, January 2010

The origin of harmonic tremor at Old Faithful geyser journal, February 1996

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An overview of matched field methods in ocean acoustics journal, January 1993

First observations of the fumarolic gas output from a restless caldera: Implications for the current period of unrest (2005-2013) at Campi Flegrei: FUMAROLIC GAS OUTPUT FROM CAMPI FLEGREI journal, October 2013

Application of acoustic noise and self-potential localization techniques to a buried hydrothermal vent (Waimangu Old Geyser site, New Zealand) journal, February 2010

Monitoring of volcanic gas composition at Asama volcano, Japan, during 2004–2014 journal, September 2015

Self-potential and passive seismic monitoring of hydrothermal activity: A case study at Iodine Pool, Waimangu geothermal valley, New Zealand journal, January 2009

Electromagnetic outline of the Solfatara–Pisciarelli hydrothermal system, Campi Flegrei (Southern Italy) journal, May 2014

Geophysical and hydrogeological experiments from a shallow hydrothermal system at Solfatara Volcano, Campi Flegrei, Italy: Response to caldera unrest journal, January 2007

Continuous monitoring of fumarole temperatures at Mount Etna (Italy) journal, May 2013

Unrest episodes at Campi Flegrei: A reconstruction of vertical ground movements during 1905–2009 journal, August 2010

Impact of channelized flow on temperature distribution and fluid flow in restless calderas: Insight from Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy journal, September 2015

Three-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography of the Solfatara Crater (Italy): Implication for the Multiphase Flow Structure of the Shallow Hydrothermal System: Resistivity Model of Solfatara Crater journal, November 2017

The shallow structure of Solfatara Volcano, Italy, revealed by dense, wide-aperture seismic profiling journal, December 2017

Monitoring diffuse volcanic degassing during volcanic unrests: the case of Campi Flegrei (Italy) journal, July 2017

Bubble collapse as the source of tremor at Old Faithful Geyser journal, October 1998

Geochemical Precursors to Volcanic Activity at Mount St. Helens, USA journal, November 2004

Quantifying volcanic ash dispersal and impact of the Campanian Ignimbrite super-eruption: ASH DISPERSAL FROM A SUPER-ERUPTION journal, May 2012

A strongly heterogeneous hydrothermal area imaged by surface waves: the case of Solfatara, Campi Flegrei, Italy journal, April 2016

Seismicity at Old Faithful Geyser: an isolated source of geothermal noise and possible analogue of volcanic seismicity journal, September 1984

A 3D algorithm based on the combined inversion of Rayleigh and Love waves for imaging and monitoring of shallow structures journal, January 2017

Experimental determination of permeability of Neapolitan Yellow Tuff journal, February 2007

Progressive approach to eruption at Campi Flegrei caldera in southern Italy journal, May 2017

An overview of recent (1988 to 2014) caldera unrest: Knowledge and perspectives: CALDERA UNREST journal, August 2015

Locating hydrothermal acoustic sources at Old Faithful Geyser using Matched Field Processing: Old Faithful viewed through array processing journal, August 2011

Characteristics of hydrothermal eruptions, with examples from New Zealand and elsewhere journal, February 2001

Depth estimation of fumarolic gas source deduced by fume pressure measurement journal, August 2008

Hydrothermal instability and ground displacement at the Campi Flegrei caldera journal, February 2010

A review on phreatic eruptions and their precursors journal, October 1992

Long-term variations of the Campi Flegrei, Italy, volcanic system as revealed by the monitoring of hydrothermal activity journal, January 2010

Diffuse soil emission of hydrothermal gases (CO2, CH4, and C6H6) at Solfatara crater (Campi Flegrei, southern Italy) journal, August 2013

Ultrasonic velocity measurements in volcanic rocks: correlation with microtexture journal, April 2002

Hydrothermal activity and subsoil complexity: implication for degassing processes at Solfatara crater, Campi Flegrei caldera journal, November 2017

Heat and Mass Transport in a Vapor‐Dominated Hydrothermal Area in Yellowstone National Park, USA: Inferences From Magnetic, Electrical, Electromagnetic, Subsurface Temperature, and Diffuse CO 2 Flux Measurements journal, January 2019

Insight Into Campi Flegrei Caldera Unrest Through Seismic Tremor Measurements at Pisciarelli Fumarolic Field journal, November 2019

Multiscale matched-field processing for noise-source localization in exploration geophysics
journal, September 2012

New constraints on the pyroclastic eruptive history of the Campanian volcanic Plain (Italy)
journal, November 2001

Electrical conductivity, ground displacement, gravity changes, and gas flow at Solfatara crater (Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy): Results from numerical modeling
journal, October 2011

The plumbing of Old Faithful Geyser revealed by hydrothermal tremor: OLD FAITHFUL GEYSER
journal, May 2013

Geochemical precursors of the activity of an open-conduit volcano: The Stromboli 2002-2003 eruptive events: STROMBOLI 2002-2003 ERUPTIVE EVENTS
journal, April 2004

High-resolution shallow seismic tomography of a hydrothermal area: application to the Solfatara, Pozzuoli: High-resolution shallow seismic tomography
journal, April 2012

3D ultra-high resolution seismic imaging of shallow Solfatara crater in Campi Flegrei (Italy): New insights on deep hydrothermal fluid circulation processes
journal, June 2017

Hydrothermal alteration of surficial rocks at Solfatara (Campi Flegrei): Petrophysical properties and implications for phreatic eruption processes
journal, June 2016

Multiple magma degassing sources at an explosive volcano
journal, April 2013

Relations between electrical resistivity, carbon dioxide flux, and self-potential in the shallow hydrothermal system of Solfatara (Phlegrean Fields, Italy)
journal, August 2014

Modeling of unrest signals in heterogeneous hydrothermal systems
journal, January 2010

The origin of harmonic tremor at Old Faithful geyser
journal, February 1996

Magma injection beneath the urban area of Naples: a new mechanism for the 2012–2013 volcanic unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera
journal, August 2015

Evidence of thermal-driven processes triggering the 2005–2014 unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera
journal, March 2015

An improved neighborhood algorithm: Parameter conditions and dynamic scaling
journal, January 2008

Long-term monitoring on a closed-conduit volcano: A 25 year long time-series of temperatures recorded at La Fossa cone (Vulcano Island, Italy), ranging from 250 °C to 520 °C
journal, October 2017

Magmas near the critical degassing pressure drive volcanic unrest towards a critical state
journal, December 2016

Stratigraphy, structure, and volcano-tectonic evolution of Solfatara maar-diatreme (Campi Flegrei, Italy)
journal, May 2015

An overview of matched field methods in ocean acoustics
journal, January 1993

First observations of the fumarolic gas output from a restless caldera: Implications for the current period of unrest (2005-2013) at Campi Flegrei: FUMAROLIC GAS OUTPUT FROM CAMPI FLEGREI
journal, October 2013

Application of acoustic noise and self-potential localization techniques to a buried hydrothermal vent (Waimangu Old Geyser site, New Zealand)
journal, February 2010

Monitoring of volcanic gas composition at Asama volcano, Japan, during 2004–2014
journal, September 2015

Self-potential and passive seismic monitoring of hydrothermal activity: A case study at Iodine Pool, Waimangu geothermal valley, New Zealand
journal, January 2009

Electromagnetic outline of the Solfatara–Pisciarelli hydrothermal system, Campi Flegrei (Southern Italy)
journal, May 2014

Geophysical and hydrogeological experiments from a shallow hydrothermal system at Solfatara Volcano, Campi Flegrei, Italy: Response to caldera unrest
journal, January 2007

Continuous monitoring of fumarole temperatures at Mount Etna (Italy)
journal, May 2013

Unrest episodes at Campi Flegrei: A reconstruction of vertical ground movements during 1905–2009
journal, August 2010

Impact of channelized flow on temperature distribution and fluid flow in restless calderas: Insight from Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy
journal, September 2015

Three-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography of the Solfatara Crater (Italy): Implication for the Multiphase Flow Structure of the Shallow Hydrothermal System: Resistivity Model of Solfatara Crater
journal, November 2017

The shallow structure of Solfatara Volcano, Italy, revealed by dense, wide-aperture seismic profiling
journal, December 2017

Monitoring diffuse volcanic degassing during volcanic unrests: the case of Campi Flegrei (Italy)
journal, July 2017

Bubble collapse as the source of tremor at Old Faithful Geyser
journal, October 1998

Geochemical Precursors to Volcanic Activity at Mount St. Helens, USA
journal, November 2004

Quantifying volcanic ash dispersal and impact of the Campanian Ignimbrite super-eruption: ASH DISPERSAL FROM A SUPER-ERUPTION
journal, May 2012

A strongly heterogeneous hydrothermal area imaged by surface waves: the case of Solfatara, Campi Flegrei, Italy
journal, April 2016

Seismicity at Old Faithful Geyser: an isolated source of geothermal noise and possible analogue of volcanic seismicity
journal, September 1984

A 3D algorithm based on the combined inversion of Rayleigh and Love waves for imaging and monitoring of shallow structures
journal, January 2017

Experimental determination of permeability of Neapolitan Yellow Tuff
journal, February 2007

Progressive approach to eruption at Campi Flegrei caldera in southern Italy
journal, May 2017

An overview of recent (1988 to 2014) caldera unrest: Knowledge and perspectives: CALDERA UNREST
journal, August 2015

Locating hydrothermal acoustic sources at Old Faithful Geyser using Matched Field Processing: Old Faithful viewed through array processing
journal, August 2011

Characteristics of hydrothermal eruptions, with examples from New Zealand and elsewhere
journal, February 2001

Depth estimation of fumarolic gas source deduced by fume pressure measurement
journal, August 2008

Hydrothermal instability and ground displacement at the Campi Flegrei caldera
journal, February 2010

A review on phreatic eruptions and their precursors
journal, October 1992

Long-term variations of the Campi Flegrei, Italy, volcanic system as revealed by the monitoring of hydrothermal activity
journal, January 2010

Diffuse soil emission of hydrothermal gases (CO2, CH4, and C6H6) at Solfatara crater (Campi Flegrei, southern Italy)
journal, August 2013

Ultrasonic velocity measurements in volcanic rocks: correlation with microtexture
journal, April 2002

Hydrothermal activity and subsoil complexity: implication for degassing processes at Solfatara crater, Campi Flegrei caldera
journal, November 2017

Heat and Mass Transport in a Vapor‐Dominated Hydrothermal Area in Yellowstone National Park, USA: Inferences From Magnetic, Electrical, Electromagnetic, Subsurface Temperature, and Diffuse CO ₂ Flux Measurements
journal, January 2019

Insight Into Campi Flegrei Caldera Unrest Through Seismic Tremor Measurements at Pisciarelli Fumarolic Field
journal, November 2019