DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: The broad-band properties of the intermediate synchrotron peaked BL Lac S2 0109+22 from radio to VHE gamma-rays

Abstract

Here, the Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes observed S2 0109+22 in 2015 July during its flaring activity in high-energy gamma-rays observed by Fermi-Large Area Telescope. We analyse the MAGIC data to characterize the very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission of S2 0109+22, which belongs to the subclass of intermediate synchrotron peak (ISP) BL Lacertae (BL Lac) objects. We study the multifrequency emission in order to investigate the source classification. Finally, we compare the source long-term behaviour to other VHE gamma-ray emitting (TeV) blazars. We performed a temporal and spectral analysis of the data centred around the MAGIC interval of observation (MJD 57225–57231). Long-term radio and optical data have also been investigated using the discrete correlation function. The redshift of the source is estimated through optical host-galaxy imaging and also using the amount of VHE gamma-ray absorption. The quasi-simultaneous multifrequency spectral energy distribution (SED) is modelled with the conventional one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. MAGIC observations resulted in the detection of the source at a significance level of 5.3σ. The VHE gamma-ray emission of S2 0109+22 is variable on a daily time scale. VHE gamma-ray luminosity of the source is lower than the average of TeV BL Lacs. Themore » optical polarization and long-term optical/radio behaviour of the source are different from the general population of TeV blazars. All these findings agree with the classification of the source as an ISP BL Lac object. As a result, we estimate the source redshift as z = 0.36 ± 0.07. The SSC parameters describing the SED are rather typical for blazars.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [11];  [12];  [4];  [13];  [7];  [14];  [2];  [15];  [16];  [17] more »;  [18];  [7];  [6];  [16];  [7];  [10];  [9];  [16];  [2];  [16];  [2];  [17];  [2];  [3];  [19];  [20];  [20];  [3];  [9];  [5];  [21];  [3];  [4];  [4]; ORCiD logo [22];  [4];  [3];  [2];  [9];  [3];  [9];  [23];  [7];  [2];  [10];  [14];  [23];  [2];  [5];  [16];  [24];  [7];  [16];  [24];  [10];  [9];  [5];  [24];  [7];  [24];  [24];  [24];  [24];  [2];  [5];  [2];  [22];  [2];  [13];  [9];  [23];  [6];  [25];  [25];  [10];  [21];  [2];  [3];  [16];  [24];  [26];  [4];  [25];  [17];  [7];  [16];  [23];  [16];  [22];  [11];  [9];  [14];  [22];  [16];  [24];  [24];  [16];  [3];  [16];  [7];  [17];  [27];  [14];  [9];  [19];  [28];  [4];  [18];  [3];  [5];  [7];  [4];  [27];  [16];  [2];  [17];  [9];  [24];  [14];  [7];  [11];  [5];  [11];  [2];  [7];  [5];  [2];  [25];  [5];  [26];  [27];  [24];  [10];  [10];  [7];  [16];  [7];  [5];  [29];  [30];  [31];  [31];  [31];  [31];  [31];  [32];  [31];  [33];  [34];  [34];  [35];  [36];  [37];  [36] « less
  1. Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy; Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan, Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan, Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan, RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  2. National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  3. Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  4. Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  5. Croatian MAGIC Consortium: University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, University of Split – FESB, 21000 Split, University of Zagreb – FER, 10000 Zagreb, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, and Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  6. Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Salt Lake, Sector-1, Kolkata 700064, India
  7. Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  8. Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany; now at Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), 22290-180 URCA, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
  9. Unidad de Partículas y Cosmología (UPARCOS), Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  10. Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Dpto. Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  11. Department of Astrophysics, University of Łódź, PL-90236 Łódź, Poland
  12. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany; Institut für Physik, Humboldt University of Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
  13. Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy; also at Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
  14. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
  15. ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  16. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  17. Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
  18. Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
  19. Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
  20. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain; also at Port d’Informació Científica (PIC), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  21. Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  22. Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Tuorla Observatory (Department of Physics and Astronomy) and Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland, Astronomy Division, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
  23. Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
  24. Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan, Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan, Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan, RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  25. Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
  26. Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan, Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan, Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan, RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan; Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  27. Universitat de Barcelona, ICC, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
  28. Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy; INAF-Trieste and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
  29. (Fermi-LAT Collaboration), S. [Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Space Science Data Center, I-00133 Roma, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
  30. (Fermi-LAT Collaboration), R. [Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
  31. Tuorla Observatory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
  32. Astrophysical Sciences Division, BARC, Mumbai-400085, India
  33. Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Aalto University, Metsähovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmälä, Finland; Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, PO Box 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland; Tartu Observatory, Observatooriumi 1, 61602 Tõravere, Estonia
  34. Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Aalto University, Metsähovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmälä, Finland
  35. Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Aalto University, Metsähovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmälä, Finland; Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, PO Box 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
  36. Owens Valley Radio Observatory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
  37. Departmento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Camino El Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
Contributing Org.:
MAGIC Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1475024
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 480; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
Publisher:
Royal Astronomical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual: S2 0109+22; galaxies: jets; gamma-rays: galaxies

Citation Formats

Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Arcaro, C., Baack, D., Babić, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berse, R. Ch, Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Chatterjee, A., Colak, S. M., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Cumani, P., D’Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Di Pierro, F., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Elsaesser, D., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fattorini, A., Fernández-Barral, A., Ferrara, G., Fidalgo, D., Foffano, L., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Gallozzi, S., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Masuda, S., Mazin, D., Mielke, K., Minev, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Ninci, D., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pedaletti, G., Peñil, P., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pfrang, K., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Garcia, J. R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Šnidarić, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strzys, M., Surić, T., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Torres-Albà, N., Tsujimoto, S., Vanzo, G., Vazquez Acosta, M., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Zarić, D., Ciprini , Desiante , Barcewicz, S., Hovatta, T., Jormanainen, J., Takalo, L., Reinthal, R., Mankuzhiyil, N., Wierda, F., Lähteenmäki, A., Tammi, J., Tornikoski, M., Vera, R. J. C., Kiehlmann, S., Max-Moerbeck, W., and Readhead, A. C. S. The broad-band properties of the intermediate synchrotron peaked BL Lac S2 0109+22 from radio to VHE gamma-rays. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1753.
Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Arcaro, C., Baack, D., Babić, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berse, R. Ch, Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Chatterjee, A., Colak, S. M., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Cumani, P., D’Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Di Pierro, F., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Elsaesser, D., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fattorini, A., Fernández-Barral, A., Ferrara, G., Fidalgo, D., Foffano, L., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Gallozzi, S., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Masuda, S., Mazin, D., Mielke, K., Minev, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Ninci, D., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pedaletti, G., Peñil, P., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pfrang, K., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Garcia, J. R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Šnidarić, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strzys, M., Surić, T., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Torres-Albà, N., Tsujimoto, S., Vanzo, G., Vazquez Acosta, M., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Zarić, D., Ciprini , Desiante , Barcewicz, S., Hovatta, T., Jormanainen, J., Takalo, L., Reinthal, R., Mankuzhiyil, N., Wierda, F., Lähteenmäki, A., Tammi, J., Tornikoski, M., Vera, R. J. C., Kiehlmann, S., Max-Moerbeck, W., & Readhead, A. C. S. The broad-band properties of the intermediate synchrotron peaked BL Lac S2 0109+22 from radio to VHE gamma-rays. United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1753
Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Arcaro, C., Baack, D., Babić, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berse, R. Ch, Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Chatterjee, A., Colak, S. M., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Cumani, P., D’Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Di Pierro, F., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Elsaesser, D., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fattorini, A., Fernández-Barral, A., Ferrara, G., Fidalgo, D., Foffano, L., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Gallozzi, S., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Masuda, S., Mazin, D., Mielke, K., Minev, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Ninci, D., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pedaletti, G., Peñil, P., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pfrang, K., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Garcia, J. R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Šnidarić, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strzys, M., Surić, T., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Torres-Albà, N., Tsujimoto, S., Vanzo, G., Vazquez Acosta, M., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Zarić, D., Ciprini , Desiante , Barcewicz, S., Hovatta, T., Jormanainen, J., Takalo, L., Reinthal, R., Mankuzhiyil, N., Wierda, F., Lähteenmäki, A., Tammi, J., Tornikoski, M., Vera, R. J. C., Kiehlmann, S., Max-Moerbeck, W., and Readhead, A. C. S. Thu . "The broad-band properties of the intermediate synchrotron peaked BL Lac S2 0109+22 from radio to VHE gamma-rays". United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1753. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1475024.
@article{osti_1475024,
title = {The broad-band properties of the intermediate synchrotron peaked BL Lac S2 0109+22 from radio to VHE gamma-rays},
author = {Ansoldi, S. and Antonelli, L. A. and Arcaro, C. and Baack, D. and Babić, A. and Banerjee, B. and Bangale, P. and Barres de Almeida, U. and Barrio, J. A. and Becerra González, J. and Bednarek, W. and Bernardini, E. and Berse, R. Ch and Berti, A. and Besenrieder, J. and Bhattacharyya, W. and Bigongiari, C. and Biland, A. and Blanch, O. and Bonnoli, G. and Carosi, R. and Ceribella, G. and Chatterjee, A. and Colak, S. M. and Colin, P. and Colombo, E. and Contreras, J. L. and Cortina, J. and Covino, S. and Cumani, P. and D’Elia, V. and Da Vela, P. and Dazzi, F. and De Angelis, A. and De Lotto, B. and Delfino, M. and Delgado, J. and Di Pierro, F. and Domínguez, A. and Dominis Prester, D. and Dorner, D. and Doro, M. and Einecke, S. and Elsaesser, D. and Fallah Ramazani, V. and Fattorini, A. and Fernández-Barral, A. and Ferrara, G. and Fidalgo, D. and Foffano, L. and Fonseca, M. V. and Font, L. and Fruck, C. and Gallozzi, S. and García López, R. J. and Garczarczyk, M. and Gaug, M. and Giammaria, P. and Godinović, N. and Guberman, D. and Hadasch, D. and Hahn, A. and Hassan, T. and Hayashida, M. and Herrera, J. and Hoang, J. and Hrupec, D. and Inoue, S. and Ishio, K. and Iwamura, Y. and Konno, Y. and Kubo, H. and Kushida, J. and Lamastra, A. and Lelas, D. and Leone, F. and Lindfors, E. and Lombardi, S. and Longo, F. and López, M. and Maggio, C. and Majumdar, P. and Makariev, M. and Maneva, G. and Manganaro, M. and Mannheim, K. and Maraschi, L. and Mariotti, M. and Martínez, M. and Masuda, S. and Mazin, D. and Mielke, K. and Minev, M. and Miranda, J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Moralejo, A. and Moreno, V. and Moretti, E. and Neustroev, V. and Niedzwiecki, A. and Nievas Rosillo, M. and Nigro, C. and Nilsson, K. and Ninci, D. and Nishijima, K. and Noda, K. and Nogués, L. and Paiano, S. and Palacio, J. and Paneque, D. and Paoletti, R. and Paredes, J. M. and Pedaletti, G. and Peñil, P. and Peresano, M. and Persic, M. and Pfrang, K. and Prada Moroni, P. G. and Prandini, E. and Puljak, I. and Garcia, J. R. and Rhode, W. and Ribó, M. and Rico, J. and Righi, C. and Rugliancich, A. and Saha, L. and Saito, T. and Satalecka, K. and Schweizer, T. and Sitarek, J. and Šnidarić, I. and Sobczynska, D. and Stamerra, A. and Strzys, M. and Surić, T. and Tavecchio, F. and Temnikov, P. and Terzić, T. and Teshima, M. and Torres-Albà, N. and Tsujimoto, S. and Vanzo, G. and Vazquez Acosta, M. and Vovk, I. and Ward, J. E. and Will, M. and Zarić, D. and Ciprini  and Desiante  and Barcewicz, S. and Hovatta, T. and Jormanainen, J. and Takalo, L. and Reinthal, R. and Mankuzhiyil, N. and Wierda, F. and Lähteenmäki, A. and Tammi, J. and Tornikoski, M. and Vera, R. J. C. and Kiehlmann, S. and Max-Moerbeck, W. and Readhead, A. C. S.},
abstractNote = {Here, the Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes observed S2 0109+22 in 2015 July during its flaring activity in high-energy gamma-rays observed by Fermi-Large Area Telescope. We analyse the MAGIC data to characterize the very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission of S2 0109+22, which belongs to the subclass of intermediate synchrotron peak (ISP) BL Lacertae (BL Lac) objects. We study the multifrequency emission in order to investigate the source classification. Finally, we compare the source long-term behaviour to other VHE gamma-ray emitting (TeV) blazars. We performed a temporal and spectral analysis of the data centred around the MAGIC interval of observation (MJD 57225–57231). Long-term radio and optical data have also been investigated using the discrete correlation function. The redshift of the source is estimated through optical host-galaxy imaging and also using the amount of VHE gamma-ray absorption. The quasi-simultaneous multifrequency spectral energy distribution (SED) is modelled with the conventional one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. MAGIC observations resulted in the detection of the source at a significance level of 5.3σ. The VHE gamma-ray emission of S2 0109+22 is variable on a daily time scale. VHE gamma-ray luminosity of the source is lower than the average of TeV BL Lacs. The optical polarization and long-term optical/radio behaviour of the source are different from the general population of TeV blazars. All these findings agree with the classification of the source as an ISP BL Lac object. As a result, we estimate the source redshift as z = 0.36 ± 0.07. The SSC parameters describing the SED are rather typical for blazars.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/sty1753},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 1,
volume = 480,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Thu Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 6 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

BRIGHT ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SOURCE LIST FROM THE FIRST THREE MONTHS OF THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ALL-SKY SURVEY
journal, July 2009


FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE FIRST SOURCE CATALOG
journal, May 2010

  • Abdo, A. A.; Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 188, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/188/2/405

THE SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION OF FERMI BRIGHT BLAZARS
journal, May 2010


INSIGHTS INTO THE HIGH-ENERGY γ-RAY EMISSION OF MARKARIAN 501 FROM EXTENSIVE MULTIFREQUENCY OBSERVATIONS IN THE FERMI ERA
journal, January 2011


FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF MARKARIAN 421: THE MISSING PIECE OF ITS SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION
journal, July 2011


Discovery of very high Energy Gamma rays from pks 1424+240 and Multiwavelength Constraints on its Redshift
journal, December 2009


FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE THIRD SOURCE CATALOG
journal, June 2015

  • Acero, F.; Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 218, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/218/2/23

DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODEL OF GALACTIC INTERSTELLAR EMISSION FOR STANDARD POINT-SOURCE ANALYSIS OF FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DATA
journal, April 2016

  • Acero, F.; Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 223, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/0067-0049/223/2/26

THE SECOND CATALOG OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI DETECTED BY THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE
journal, December 2011


THE FIRST FERMI -LAT CATALOG OF SOURCES ABOVE 10 GeV
journal, November 2013

  • Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 209, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/209/2/34

THE THIRD CATALOG OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI DETECTED BY THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE
journal, August 2015


2FHL: THE SECOND CATALOG OF HARD FERMI -LAT SOURCES
journal, January 2016

  • Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Atwood, W. B.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 222, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/0067-0049/222/1/5

A low level of extragalactic background light as revealed by γ-rays from blazars
journal, April 2006

  • Aharonian, F.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Bazer-Bachi, A. R.
  • Nature, Vol. 440, Issue 7087
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature04680

Investigating the peculiar emission from the new VHE gamma-ray source H1722+119
journal, March 2016

  • Ahnen, M. L.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 459, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw689

MAGIC detection of very high energy γ-ray emission from the low-luminosity blazar 1ES 1741+196
journal, February 2017

  • Ahnen, M. L.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 468, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx472

A cut-off in the TeV gamma-ray spectrum of the SNR Cassiopeia A
journal, August 2017

  • Ahnen, M. L.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 472, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx2079

MAGIC long-term study of the distant TeV blazar PKS 1424+240 in a multiwavelength context
journal, July 2014


The major upgrade of the MAGIC telescopes, Part I: The hardware improvements and the commissioning of the system
journal, January 2016


The major upgrade of the MAGIC telescopes, Part II: A performance study using observations of the Crab Nebula
journal, January 2016


INVESTIGATING BROADBAND VARIABILITY OF THE TeV BLAZAR 1ES 1959+650
journal, December 2014


SIMULTANEOUS MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATION OF Mkn 501 IN A LOW STATE IN 2006
journal, October 2009


Optical and Infrared Polarization of Active Extragalactic Objects
journal, September 1980


RoboPol: the optical polarization of gamma-ray-loud and gamma-ray-quiet blazars
journal, September 2016

  • Angelakis, E.; Hovatta, T.; Blinov, D.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 463, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw2217

THE LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE MISSION
journal, May 2009


RoboPol: optical polarization-plane rotations and flaring activity in blazars
journal, February 2016

  • Blinov, D.; Pavlidou, V.; Papadakis, I. E.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 457, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw158

Intermediate BL Lac objects
journal, August 2001


The Swift X-Ray Telescope
conference, February 2004

  • Burrows, David N.; Hill, Joanne E.; Nousek, John A.
  • Optical Science and Technology, SPIE's 48th Annual Meeting, SPIE Proceedings
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.504868

Optical variability of the BL Lacertae object GC 0109+224: Multiband behaviour and time scales from a 7-years monitoring campaign
journal, March 2003


Radio-optical flux behaviour and spectral energy distribution of the intermediate blazar GC 0109+224
journal, March 2004


Temporal Correlations Between Optical and Gamma-Ray Activity in Blazars
journal, December 2014

  • Cohen, Daniel P.; Romani, Roger W.; Filippenko, Alexei V.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 797, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/137

Time-dependent models of magnetized pair plasmas
journal, October 1992

  • Coppi, Paolo S.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 258, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/258.4.657

Short timescale photometric and polarimetric behavior of two BL Lacertae type objects
journal, June 2015


The NRAO 5-GHz radio source survey. I. A survey of faint sources.
journal, December 1971


The e-ASTROGAM mission: Exploring the extreme Universe with gamma rays in the MeV – GeV range
journal, June 2017


On the location of the acceleration and emission sites in gamma-ray blazars
journal, February 1994

  • Dermer, Charles D.; Schlickeiser, Reinhard
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 90
  • DOI: 10.1086/191929

Extragalactic background light inferred from AEGIS galaxy-SED-type fractions: EBL from AEGIS galaxy-SED-type fractions
journal, October 2010


First Results from the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey
journal, April 2009


The discrete correlation function - A new method for analyzing unevenly sampled variability data
journal, October 1988

  • Edelson, R. A.; Krolik, J. H.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 333
  • DOI: 10.1086/166773

Empirical multi-wavelength prediction method for very high energy gamma-ray emitting BL Lacertae objects
journal, December 2017


Modeling the Extragalactic Background Light from Stars and dust
journal, February 2010


Extragalactic optical-infrared background radiation, its time evolution and the cosmic photon-photon opacity
journal, June 2008


Atmospheric monitoring in MAGIC and data corrections
journal, January 2015


Detection of significant cm to sub-mm band radio and  -ray correlated variability in Fermi bright blazars
journal, May 2014

  • Fuhrmann, L.; Larsson, S.; Chiang, J.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 441, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu540

Semi-analytic modelling of the extragalactic background light and consequences for extragalactic gamma-ray spectra: Modelling of the EBL and gamma-ray spectra
journal, April 2012

  • Gilmore, Rudy C.; Somerville, Rachel S.; Primack, Joel R.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 422, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20841.x

BL Lac reunification
journal, May 1994

  • Giommi, P.; Padovani, P.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 268, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/268.1.L51

Correlated radio and optical variations in a sample of AGN
journal, October 2002


CGRaBS: An All‐Sky Survey of Gamma‐Ray Blazar Candidates
journal, March 2008

  • Healey, Stephen E.; Romani, Roger W.; Cotter, Garret
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 175, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/523302

RECONSTRUCTING THE γ-RAY PHOTON OPTICAL DEPTH OF THE UNIVERSE TO z ∼ 4 FROM MULTIWAVELENGTH GALAXY SURVEY DATA
journal, September 2012


A multiwavelength view of the flaring state of PKS 2155-304 in 2006
journal, March 2012


Discovery of very high energy γ -ray emission from the BL Lacertae object PKS 0301−243 with H.E.S.S.
journal, November 2013


Long-term radio variability of AGN: flare characteristics
journal, May 2008


Mojave: Monitoring of jets in Active Galactic Nuclei with vlba Experiments. xi. Spectral Distributions
journal, May 2014


Optical polarization of high-energy BL Lacertae objects
journal, December 2016


Extragalactic Background Light from Hierarchical Galaxy Formation: Gamma-Ray Attenuation up to the Epoch of Cosmic Reionization and the First Stars
journal, April 2013

  • Inoue, Yoshiyuki; Inoue, Susumu; Kobayashi, Masakazu A. R.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 768, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/768/2/197

The Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI: Final data release of the combined LDS and IAR surveys with improved stray-radiation corrections
journal, September 2005


A lower-limit flux for the extragalactic background light
journal, June 2010


The RGB Sample of Intermediate BL Lacertae Objects
journal, November 1999

  • Laurent‐Muehleisen, S. A.; Kollgaard, R. I.; Feigelson, E. D.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 525, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/307881

The Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope Gamma‐Ray Burst Alert System, and Observations of GRB 020813
journal, July 2003

  • Li, Weidong; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Chornock, Ryan
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 115, Issue 809
  • DOI: 10.1086/376432

Optical and radio variability of the northern VHE gamma-ray emitting BL Lacertae objects
journal, September 2016


TeV gamma-rays from proton blazars
journal, January 1996


The Jet‐Disk Connection and Blazar Unification
journal, August 2003

  • Maraschi, Laura; Tavecchio, Fabrizio
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 593, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/342118

A jet model for the gamma-ray emitting blazar 3C 279
journal, September 1992

  • Maraschi, L.; Ghisellini, G.; Celotti, A.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 397
  • DOI: 10.1086/186531

A method for the estimation of the significance of cross-correlations in unevenly sampled red-noise time series
journal, September 2014

  • Max-Moerbeck, W.; Richards, J. L.; Hovatta, T.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 445, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu1707

Break in the Very High Energy Spectrum of PG 1553+113: New Upper Limit on Its Redshift?
journal, January 2007

  • Mazin, Daniel; Goebel, Florian
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 655, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/511751

The radiative deceleration of ultrarelativistic jets in active galactic nuclei
journal, May 1989

  • Melia, Fulvio; Konigl, Arieh
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 340
  • DOI: 10.1086/167382

Limits on the extragalactic background light in the Fermi era
journal, June 2012


A proton synchrotron blazar model for flaring in Markarian 501
journal, March 2001


R -band imaging of the host galaxies of RGB BL Lacertae objects
journal, February 2003


FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SECOND SOURCE CATALOG
journal, March 2012

  • Nolan, P. L.; Abdo, A. A.; Ackermann, M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 199, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/199/2/31

Extragalactic sources with strong millimeter-wave emission
journal, October 1977

  • Owen, F. N.; Muffson, S. L.
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 82
  • DOI: 10.1086/112124

On the redshift of the very high-energy gamma-ray BL Lac object S2 0109+22
journal, March 2016

  • Paiano, S.; Landoni, M.; Falomo, R.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 458, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw472

X-Ray Intraday Variability of Five TeV Blazars with NuSTAR
journal, June 2017

  • Pandey, Ashwani; Gupta, Alok C.; Wiita, Paul J.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 841, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa705e

The NRAO 5-GHz radio source survey. II. The 140-ft "Strong", "Intermediate", and "Deep" source surveys.
journal, May 1972

  • Pauliny-Toth, I. I. K.; Kellermann, K. I.; Davis, M. M.
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 77
  • DOI: 10.1086/111278

Photometric calibration of the Swift ultraviolet/optical telescope: Photometric calibration of the Swift UVOT
journal, December 2007


Constraining blazar distances with combined Fermi and TeV data: an empirical approach: Blazar distance indications from gamma-rays
journal, April 2010


Constraints on a Proton Synchrotron Origin of VHE Gamma Rays from the Extended Jet of AP Librae
journal, July 2017

  • Basumallick, Partha Pratim; Gupta, Nayantara
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 844, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa7a12

Another look at the BL Lacertae flux and spectral variability: Observations by GASP-WEBT, XMM-
journal, November 2010


BLAZARS IN THE FERMI ERA: THE OVRO 40 m TELESCOPE MONITORING PROGRAM
journal, May 2011

  • Richards, Joseph L.; Max-Moerbeck, Walter; Pavlidou, Vasiliki
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 194, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/194/2/29

Confidence intervals and upper bounds for small signals in the presence of background noise
journal, February 2001

  • Rolke, Wolfgang A.; López, Angel M.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 458, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00935-9

Imaging Redshifts of BL Lacertae Objects
journal, December 2005

  • Sbarufatti, B.; Treves, A.; Falomo, R.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 635, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1086/497022

Measuring Reddening with Sloan Digital sky Survey Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating sfd
journal, August 2011


Comptonization of diffuse ambient radiation by a relativistic jet: The source of gamma rays from blazars?
journal, January 1994

  • Sikora, Marek; Begelman, Mitchell C.; Rees, Martin J.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 421
  • DOI: 10.1086/173633

An Empirical Determination of the Intergalactic Background Light from uv to fir Wavelengths Using fir deep Galaxy Surveys and the Gamma-Ray Opacity of the Universe
journal, August 2016

  • Stecker, Floyd W.; Scully, Sean T.; Malkan, Matthew A.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 827, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/6

Multifrequency observations of blazars. 5: Long-term millimeter, submillimeter, and infrared monitoring
journal, December 1994

  • Stevens, J. A.; Litchfield, S. J.; Robson, E. I.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 437
  • DOI: 10.1086/174978

TeV BL Lac objects at the dawn of the Fermi era
journal, January 2010


Fifteen years monitoring of extragalactic radio sources at 22, 37 and 87 GHz
journal, November 1998

  • Teräsranta, H.; Tornikoski, M.; Mujunen, A.
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, Vol. 132, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1051/aas:1998297

The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE)
conference, July 2016

  • Weisskopf, Martin C.; Ramsey, Brian; O'Dell, Stephen
  • SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2235240

On the Reliability of Cross‐Correlation Function Lag Determinations in Active Galactic Nuclei
journal, November 1999

  • Welsh, W. F.
  • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 111, Issue 765
  • DOI: 10.1086/316457

McDONALD OBSERVATORY ARCHIVE OF OPTICAL LINEAR POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS
journal, April 2011

  • Wills, Beverley J.; Wills, D.; Breger, M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 194, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/194/2/19

Works referencing / citing this record:

High-energy neutrino flux from individual blazar flares
journal, September 2019

  • Oikonomou, Foteini; Murase, Kohta; Padovani, Paolo
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 489, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz2246

Testing emission models on the extreme blazar 2WHSP J073326.7+515354 detected at very high energies with the MAGIC telescopes
journal, September 2019

  • Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 490, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz2725

Signature of Stochastic Acceleration and Cooling Processes in an Outburst Phase of the TeV Blazar ON 231
journal, July 2019

  • Kalita, Nibedita; Sawangwit, Utane; Gupta, Alok C.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 880, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab2765

Testing emission models on the extreme blazar 2WHSP J073326.7+515354 detected at very high energies with the MAGIC telescopes
text, January 2019

  • Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.
  • Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
  • DOI: 10.3204/pubdb-2019-04815

High energy neutrino flux from individual blazar flares
text, January 2019