Time-of-flight neutron total scattering with applied electric fields: Ex situ and in situ studies of ferroelectric materials

Usher, Tedi-Marie; Forrester, Jennifer S.; McDonnell, Marshall T.; Neuefeind, Joerg C.; Page, Katharine L.; Peterson, Peter F.; Levin, I.; Jones, Jacob L.

doi:10.1063/1.5037609

Title: Time-of-flight neutron total scattering with applied electric fields: Ex situ and in situ studies of ferroelectric materials

Abstract

Characterizing the structural response of functional materials (e.g., piezoelectrics and ferroelectrics) to electric fields is key for the creation of structure-property relationships. Here in this paper, we present a new sample environment and data reduction routines which allow the measurement of time-of-flight neutron total scattering during the in situ or ex situ application of high voltage (<10 kV) to a sample. Instead of utilizing the entire detector space of the diffractometer, only selected regions of detector pixels with scattering at the desired angle to the sample electric field are interrogated, which allows the generation of orientation-dependent reciprocal space patterns and real-space pair distribution functions (PDFs). We demonstrate the method using the relaxor ferroelectric Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO₃ and observe lattice expansion parallel and contraction perpendicular to the electric field for both in situ or ex situ experiments, revealing the irreversible nature of the local scale structural changes to this composition. Additionally, changes in the distributions of nearest neighbor metal-oxygen bond lengths are observed, which have been difficult to observe in previously measured analogous orientation-dependent X-ray PDFs. Lastly, considerations related to sample positioning and background subtraction are discussed, and future research directions are suggested.

Authors:

^[1];

^[2];

^[1];

^[1]; Levin, I. ^[3]; Jones, Jacob L. ^[4]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Neutron Scattering Division
University of Leeds (United Kingdom). School of Chemical and Process Engineering
National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States). Materials Measurement Science Division
North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States). Department of Materials Science and Engineering

Publication Date:: 2018-09-24

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1474610

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1472216

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; KC040602

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Review of Scientific Instruments

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 89; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0034-6748

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats


                    Usher, Tedi-Marie, Forrester, Jennifer S., McDonnell, Marshall T., Neuefeind, Joerg C., Page, Katharine L., Peterson, Peter F., Levin, I., and Jones, Jacob L.. Time-of-flight neutron total scattering with applied electric fields: Ex situ and in situ studies of ferroelectric materials.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.5037609.

Copy to clipboard


                    Usher, Tedi-Marie, Forrester, Jennifer S., McDonnell, Marshall T., Neuefeind, Joerg C., Page, Katharine L., Peterson, Peter F., Levin, I., & Jones, Jacob L.. Time-of-flight neutron total scattering with applied electric fields: Ex situ and in situ studies of ferroelectric materials.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5037609

Copy to clipboard


                    Usher, Tedi-Marie, Forrester, Jennifer S., McDonnell, Marshall T., Neuefeind, Joerg C., Page, Katharine L., Peterson, Peter F., Levin, I., and Jones, Jacob L.. Mon .  
"Time-of-flight neutron total scattering with applied electric fields: Ex situ and in situ studies of ferroelectric materials".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5037609.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1474610.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1474610,

  title        = {Time-of-flight neutron total scattering with applied electric fields: Ex situ and in situ studies of ferroelectric materials},

  author       = {Usher, Tedi-Marie and Forrester, Jennifer S. and McDonnell, Marshall T. and Neuefeind, Joerg C. and Page, Katharine L. and Peterson, Peter F. and Levin, I. and Jones, Jacob L.},

  abstractNote = {Characterizing the structural response of functional materials (e.g., piezoelectrics and ferroelectrics) to electric fields is key for the creation of structure-property relationships. Here in this paper, we present a new sample environment and data reduction routines which allow the measurement of time-of-flight neutron total scattering during the in situ or ex situ application of high voltage (<10 kV) to a sample. Instead of utilizing the entire detector space of the diffractometer, only selected regions of detector pixels with scattering at the desired angle to the sample electric field are interrogated, which allows the generation of orientation-dependent reciprocal space patterns and real-space pair distribution functions (PDFs). We demonstrate the method using the relaxor ferroelectric Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3 and observe lattice expansion parallel and contraction perpendicular to the electric field for both in situ or ex situ experiments, revealing the irreversible nature of the local scale structural changes to this composition. Additionally, changes in the distributions of nearest neighbor metal-oxygen bond lengths are observed, which have been difficult to observe in previously measured analogous orientation-dependent X-ray PDFs. Lastly, considerations related to sample positioning and background subtraction are discussed, and future research directions are suggested.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.5037609},

  journal      = {Review of Scientific Instruments},

  number       = 9,

  volume       = 89,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {9}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5037609

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 2 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Figure 1: (a) Schematic of the NOMAD detector layout with 50 detector 8-packs. The black dot in the center indicates the sample position. The neutron beam (black line) enters from the center of the 154° detector on the left side of the schematic. (b) Neutron diffraction patterns from the 6more »

All figures and tables (10 total)

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Deformation induced bond orientational order in metallic glasses
journal, December 1995

Egami, T.; Dmowski, W.; Kosmetatos, P.
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol. 192-193
DOI: 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00411-4

Event-based processing of neutron scattering data
journal, December 2015

Peterson, Peter F.; Campbell, Stuart I.; Reuter, Michael A.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 803
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2015.09.016

Diffraction theory of nanotwin superlattices with low symmetry phase: Application to rhombohedral nanotwins and monoclinic $M_{A}$ and $M_{B}$ phases
journal, July 2007

Wang, Yu U.
Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.024108

Mantid—Data analysis and visualization package for neutron scattering and $μ$ SR experiments
journal, November 2014

Arnold, O.; Bilheux, J. C.; Borreguero, J. M.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 764
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2014.07.029

Structure and properties of La-modified Na _0.5 Bi _0.5 TiO ₃ at ambient and elevated temperatures
journal, September 2012

Aksel, Elena; Forrester, Jennifer S.; Foronda, Humberto M.
Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 112, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.4751357

Nano- and Mesoscale Structure of Na$_{1 \over 2}$Bi$_{1 \over 2}$TiO3: A TEM Perspective
journal, May 2012

Levin, Igor; Reaney, Ian M.
Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 16
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201200282

Bifurcated Polarization Rotation in Bismuth-Based Piezoelectrics
journal, August 2012

Keeble, Dean S.; Barney, Emma R.; Keen, David A.
Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201201564

Electric-field-induced local and mesoscale structural changes in polycrystalline dielectrics and ferroelectrics
journal, October 2015

Usher, Tedi-Marie; Levin, Igor; Daniels, John E.
Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/srep14678

The Nanoscale Ordered MAterials Diffractometer NOMAD at the Spallation Neutron Source SNS
journal, September 2012

Neuefeind, Jörg; Feygenson, Mikhail; Carruth, John
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 287
DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2012.05.037

Local atomic structure deviation from average structure of Na $_{0.5}$ Bi $_{0.5}$ TiO $_{3}$ : Combined x-ray and neutron total scattering study
journal, March 2013

Aksel, Elena; Forrester, Jennifer S.; Nino, Juan C.
Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.87.104113

Ferroelectric Ceramics: History and Technology
journal, April 1999

Haertling, Gene H.
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 82, Issue 4, p. 797-818
DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01840.x

Electric field dependent local structure of ${(K_{x} N a_{1 - x})}_{0.5} B i_{0.5} Ti O_{3}$
journal, July 2017

Goetzee-Barral, A. J.; Usher, T. -M.; Stevenson, T. J.
Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.96.014118

Applications of an amorphous silicon-based area detector for high-resolution, high-sensitivity and fast time-resolved pair distribution function measurements
journal, May 2007

Chupas, Peter J.; Chapman, Karena W.; Lee, Peter L.
Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 40, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1107/s0021889807007856

PDFfit2 and PDFgui: computer programs for studying nanostructure in crystals
journal, July 2007

Farrow, C. L.; Juhas, P.; Liu, J. W.
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 19, Issue 33
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/19/33/335219

Electric-field-driven monoclinic-to-rhombohedral transformation in Na $_{1 / 2}$ Bi $_{1 / 2}$ TiO $_{3}$
journal, October 2012

Rao, Badari Narayana; Ranjan, Rajeev
Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 13
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.86.134103

In situ characterization of polycrystalline ferroelectrics using x-ray and neutron diffraction
journal, November 2014

Esteves, Giovanni; Fancher, Chris M.; Jones, Jacob L.
Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 30, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2014.302

A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures
journal, June 1969

Rietveld, H. M.
Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 2, Issue 2, p. 65-71
DOI: 10.1107/s0021889869006558

Deformation in Metallic Glasses Studied by Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction
journal, January 2016

Egami, Takeshi; Tong, Yang; Dmowski, Wojciech
Metals, Vol. 6, Issue 1
DOI: 10.3390/met6010022

Total scattering atomic pair distribution function: new methodology for nanostructure determination
journal, May 2016

Masadeh, Ahmad S.
Journal of Experimental Nanoscience, Vol. 11, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1080/17458080.2016.1184769

Subcoercive Cyclic Electrical Loading of Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics II: Time-Resolved X-Ray Diffraction
journal, October 2009

Pramanick, Abhijit; Daniels, John E.; Jones, Jacob L.
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 92, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03219.x

High temperature dielectric ceramics: a review of temperature-stable high-permittivity perovskites
journal, September 2015

Zeb, A.; Milne, S. J.
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, Vol. 26, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1007/s10854-015-3707-7

Time filtering of event based neutron scattering data: A pathway to study the dynamic structural responses of materials
journal, September 2018

Fancher, C. M.; Hoffmann, C.; Sedov, V.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1063/1.5031798

Extrinsic contributions to piezoelectric Rayleigh behavior in morphotropic PbTiO3 - BiScO3
journal, September 2017

Tutuncu, G.; Forrester, J. S.; Chen, J.
Acta Materialia, Vol. 137
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.07.032

Domain wall and interphase boundary motion in a two-phase morphotropic phase boundary ferroelectric: Frequency dispersion and contribution to piezoelectric and dielectric properties
journal, July 2012

Jones, Jacob L.; Aksel, Elena; Tutuncu, Goknur
Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.86.024104

Monoclinic crystal structure of polycrystalline Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3
journal, April 2011

Aksel, Elena; Forrester, Jennifer S.; Jones, Jacob L.
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 15
DOI: 10.1063/1.3573826

Local structure in $BaTi O_{3} − BiSc O_{3}$ dipole glasses
journal, March 2016

Levin, I.; Krayzman, V.; Woicik, J. C.
Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.93.104106

Local structural behavior of PbZr _0.5 Ti _0.5 O ₃ during electric field application via in situ pair distribution function study
journal, November 2017

Zhao, Changhao; Hou, Dong; Chung, Ching-Chang
Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 122, Issue 17
DOI: 10.1063/1.5010192

Ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase coexistence in Na $_{1 / 2}$ Bi $_{1 / 2}$ TiO $_{3}$
journal, February 2013

Rao, Badari Narayana; Fitch, Andy N.; Ranjan, Rajeev
Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.87.060102

Ferroelectric memories
journal, February 1995

Scott, James F.
Physics World, Vol. 8, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1088/2058-7058/8/2/34

Ferroelectric Memories
journal, December 1989

Scott, J. F.; Paz de Araujo, C. A.
Science, Vol. 246, Issue 4936
DOI: 10.1126/science.246.4936.1400

Works referencing / citing this record:

Time filtering of event based neutron scattering data: A pathway to study the dynamic structural responses of materials
journal, September 2018

Fancher, C. M.; Hoffmann, C.; Sedov, V.
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1063/1.5031798

Figures / Tables found in this record:

Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Field-induced polarization rotation and phase transitions in $0.70 Pb (M g_{1 / 3} N b_{2 / 3}) O_{3} - 0.30 PbTi O_{3}$ piezoceramics observed by in situ high-energy x-ray scattering

Journal Article Hou, Dong ; Usher, Tedi -Marie ; Fulanovic, Lovro ; ... - Physical Review B

Changes to the crystal structure of 0.70Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–0.30PbTiO₃ (PMN-0.30PT) piezoceramic under application of electric fields at the long-range and local scale are revealed by in situ high-energy x-ray diffraction (XRD) and pair-distribution function (PDF) analyses, respectively. The crystal structure of unpoled samples is identified as monoclinic Cm at both the long-range and local scale. In situ XRD results suggest that field-induced polarization rotation and phase transitions occur at specific field strengths. A polarization rotation pathway is proposed based on the Bragg-peak behaviors and the Le Bail fitting results of the in situ XRD patterns. The PDF results show systematic changes tomore »« less
Cited by 21
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.214102

Full Text Available
Electric-field-induced local and mesoscale structural changes in polycrystalline dielectrics and ferroelectrics

Journal Article Usher, Tedi -Marie ; Levin, Igor ; Daniels, John E. ; ... - Scientific Reports

In this study, the atomic-scale response of dielectrics/ferroelectrics to electric fields is central to their functionality. Here we introduce an in situ characterization method that reveals changes in the local atomic structure in polycrystalline materials under fields. The method employs atomic pair distribution functions (PDFs), determined from X-ray total scattering that depends on orientation relative to the applied field, to probe structural changes over length scales from sub-Ångstrom to several nanometres. The PDF is sensitive to local ionic displacements and their short-range order, a key uniqueness relative to other techniques. The method is applied to representative ferroelectrics, BaTiO₃ and Na_½Bi_½TiO₃,more »« less
Cited by 58
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14678

Full Text Available
In situ transmission electron microscopy study of the microstructural origins for the electric field-induced phenomena in ferroelectric perovskites

Thesis/Dissertation Guo, Hanzheng

Ferroelectrics are important materials due to their extensive technological applications, such as non-volatile memories, field-effect transistors, ferroelectric tunneling junctions, dielectric capacitors, piezoelectric transducers, sensors and actuators. As is well known, the outstanding dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of these functional oxides originate from their ferroelectric domain arrangements and the corresponding evolution under external stimuli (e.g. electric field, stress, and temperature). Electric field has been known as the most efficient stimulus to manipulate the ferroelectric domains through polarization switching and alignment. Therefore, direct observation of the dynamic process of electric field-induced domain evolution and crystal structure transformation is of significant importancemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1342570

Full Text Available
In-situ lattice-strain analysis of a ferroelectric thin film under an applied pulse electric field

Journal Article Sakata, O ; JST-CREST, Sanbancho Bldg., 5, Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075 ; Yasui, S ; ... - AIP Conference Proceedings

We developed an in-situ measurement system for characterizing the relationship between ferroelectricity and lattice distortion of a ferroelectric thin film at BL13XU, SPring-8. The dielectric polarization obtained and the lattice strain evaluated provide us with the electrostrictive coefficient of the film. The system for the method consists of a refractive lens for two dimensional micron focusing, ferroelectric characterization system, high-precision four-circle diffractometer, and time-resolved photon counting system. It enables in-situ measurements of the electric polarization of the film and an electric-field-induced strain using nano-second order time-resolved synchrotron diffraction. We applied the method to determining the lattice constant distorted by themore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3463162
Relationship among the Crystal Structure, Texture, and Macroscopic Properties of Tetragonal (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O₃ Ferroelectrics Investigated by In Situ High-Energy Synchrotron Diffraction

Journal Article Fan, Longlong ; Zhang, Linxing ; Ren, Yang ; ... - Inorganic Chemistry

In situ diffraction investigations have played an important role in experimentally revealing the mechanism of piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties. In this study, a pure tetragonal ferroelectric ceramic of La-doped PbZr_0.5Ti_0.5O₃ (LaPZT50) was investigated to eliminate the complex influence of phase coexistence. The electric field evolutions of the crystal structure, domain switching, and lattice deformation of the tetragonal phase have been revealed by in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, we found that the crystal structure of LaPZT50 is quite stable, showing a negligible change in the Pb–O bond length, unit cell volume, and spontaneous polarization upon application of an inmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02002

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Time-of-flight neutron total scattering with applied electric fields: Ex situ and in situ studies of ferroelectric materials

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Deformation induced bond orientational order in metallic glasses journal, December 1995

Event-based processing of neutron scattering data journal, December 2015

Diffraction theory of nanotwin superlattices with low symmetry phase: Application to rhombohedral nanotwins and monoclinic M A and M B phases journal, July 2007

Mantid—Data analysis and visualization package for neutron scattering and μ SR experiments journal, November 2014

Structure and properties of La-modified Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 at ambient and elevated temperatures journal, September 2012

Nano- and Mesoscale Structure of Na$_{1 \over 2}$Bi$_{1 \over 2}$TiO3: A TEM Perspective journal, May 2012

Bifurcated Polarization Rotation in Bismuth-Based Piezoelectrics journal, August 2012

Electric-field-induced local and mesoscale structural changes in polycrystalline dielectrics and ferroelectrics journal, October 2015

The Nanoscale Ordered MAterials Diffractometer NOMAD at the Spallation Neutron Source SNS journal, September 2012

Local atomic structure deviation from average structure of Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 : Combined x-ray and neutron total scattering study journal, March 2013

Ferroelectric Ceramics: History and Technology journal, April 1999

Electric field dependent local structure of ( K x N a 1 − x ) 0.5 B i 0.5 Ti O 3 journal, July 2017

Applications of an amorphous silicon-based area detector for high-resolution, high-sensitivity and fast time-resolved pair distribution function measurements journal, May 2007

PDFfit2 and PDFgui: computer programs for studying nanostructure in crystals journal, July 2007

Electric-field-driven monoclinic-to-rhombohedral transformation in Na 1 / 2 Bi 1 / 2 TiO 3 journal, October 2012

In situ characterization of polycrystalline ferroelectrics using x-ray and neutron diffraction journal, November 2014

A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures journal, June 1969

Deformation in Metallic Glasses Studied by Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction journal, January 2016

Total scattering atomic pair distribution function: new methodology for nanostructure determination journal, May 2016

Subcoercive Cyclic Electrical Loading of Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics II: Time-Resolved X-Ray Diffraction journal, October 2009

High temperature dielectric ceramics: a review of temperature-stable high-permittivity perovskites journal, September 2015

Time filtering of event based neutron scattering data: A pathway to study the dynamic structural responses of materials journal, September 2018

Extrinsic contributions to piezoelectric Rayleigh behavior in morphotropic PbTiO3 - BiScO3 journal, September 2017

Domain wall and interphase boundary motion in a two-phase morphotropic phase boundary ferroelectric: Frequency dispersion and contribution to piezoelectric and dielectric properties journal, July 2012

Monoclinic crystal structure of polycrystalline Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 journal, April 2011

Local structure in BaTi O 3 − BiSc O 3 dipole glasses journal, March 2016

Local structural behavior of PbZr 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 3 during electric field application via in situ pair distribution function study journal, November 2017

Ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase coexistence in Na 1 / 2 Bi 1 / 2 TiO 3 journal, February 2013

Ferroelectric memories journal, February 1995

Ferroelectric Memories journal, December 1989

Time filtering of event based neutron scattering data: A pathway to study the dynamic structural responses of materials journal, September 2018

Deformation induced bond orientational order in metallic glasses
journal, December 1995

Event-based processing of neutron scattering data
journal, December 2015

Diffraction theory of nanotwin superlattices with low symmetry phase: Application to rhombohedral nanotwins and monoclinic $M_{A}$ and $M_{B}$ phases
journal, July 2007

Mantid—Data analysis and visualization package for neutron scattering and $μ$ SR experiments
journal, November 2014

Structure and properties of La-modified Na _0.5 Bi _0.5 TiO ₃ at ambient and elevated temperatures
journal, September 2012

Nano- and Mesoscale Structure of Na$_{1 \over 2}$Bi$_{1 \over 2}$TiO3: A TEM Perspective
journal, May 2012

Bifurcated Polarization Rotation in Bismuth-Based Piezoelectrics
journal, August 2012

Electric-field-induced local and mesoscale structural changes in polycrystalline dielectrics and ferroelectrics
journal, October 2015

The Nanoscale Ordered MAterials Diffractometer NOMAD at the Spallation Neutron Source SNS
journal, September 2012

Local atomic structure deviation from average structure of Na $_{0.5}$ Bi $_{0.5}$ TiO $_{3}$ : Combined x-ray and neutron total scattering study
journal, March 2013

Ferroelectric Ceramics: History and Technology
journal, April 1999

Electric field dependent local structure of ${(K_{x} N a_{1 - x})}_{0.5} B i_{0.5} Ti O_{3}$
journal, July 2017

Applications of an amorphous silicon-based area detector for high-resolution, high-sensitivity and fast time-resolved pair distribution function measurements
journal, May 2007

PDFfit2 and PDFgui: computer programs for studying nanostructure in crystals
journal, July 2007

Electric-field-driven monoclinic-to-rhombohedral transformation in Na $_{1 / 2}$ Bi $_{1 / 2}$ TiO $_{3}$
journal, October 2012

In situ characterization of polycrystalline ferroelectrics using x-ray and neutron diffraction
journal, November 2014

A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures
journal, June 1969

Deformation in Metallic Glasses Studied by Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction
journal, January 2016

Total scattering atomic pair distribution function: new methodology for nanostructure determination
journal, May 2016

Subcoercive Cyclic Electrical Loading of Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics II: Time-Resolved X-Ray Diffraction
journal, October 2009

High temperature dielectric ceramics: a review of temperature-stable high-permittivity perovskites
journal, September 2015

Time filtering of event based neutron scattering data: A pathway to study the dynamic structural responses of materials
journal, September 2018

Extrinsic contributions to piezoelectric Rayleigh behavior in morphotropic PbTiO3 - BiScO3
journal, September 2017

Domain wall and interphase boundary motion in a two-phase morphotropic phase boundary ferroelectric: Frequency dispersion and contribution to piezoelectric and dielectric properties
journal, July 2012

Monoclinic crystal structure of polycrystalline Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3
journal, April 2011

Local structure in $BaTi O_{3} − BiSc O_{3}$ dipole glasses
journal, March 2016

Local structural behavior of PbZr _0.5 Ti _0.5 O ₃ during electric field application via in situ pair distribution function study
journal, November 2017

Ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase coexistence in Na $_{1 / 2}$ Bi $_{1 / 2}$ TiO $_{3}$
journal, February 2013

Ferroelectric memories
journal, February 1995

Ferroelectric Memories
journal, December 1989

Time filtering of event based neutron scattering data: A pathway to study the dynamic structural responses of materials
journal, September 2018