Material Properties for the Interiors of Massive Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs
Abstract
Here, we present thermodynamic material and transport properties for the extreme conditions prevalent in the interiors of massive giant planets and brown dwarfs. They are obtained from extensive ab initio simulations of hydrogen–helium mixtures along the isentropes of three representative objects. In particular, we determine the heat capacities, the thermal expansion coefficient, the isothermal compressibility, and the sound velocity. Important transport properties such as the electrical and thermal conductivity, opacity, and shear viscosity are also calculated. Further results for associated quantities, including magnetic and thermal diffusivity, kinematic shear viscosity, as well as the static Love number k2 and the equidistance, are presented. In comparison to Jupiter-mass planets, the behavior inside massive giant planets and brown dwarfs is stronger dominated by degenerate matter. We discuss the implications on possible dynamics and magnetic fields of those massive objects. The consistent data set compiled here may serve as a starting point to obtain material and transport properties for other substellar H–He objects with masses above one Jovian mass and finally may be used as input for dynamo simulations.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Rostock (Germany). Dept. of Physics
- Univ. of Rostock (Germany). Dept. of Physics; Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Max Planck Inst. for Solar System Research (MPS), Gottingen (Germany)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); German Research Foundation (DFG)
- Contributing Org.:
- North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN) (Germany)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1474392
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-746469
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-3881; 930019
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; SFB 652; FOR 2440
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astronomical Journal (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astronomical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 156; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-3881
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing - AAAS
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; brown dwarfs; conduction; dense matter; equation of state; planets and satellites: interiors; planets and satellites: magnetic fields
Citation Formats
Becker, Andreas, Bethkenhagen, Mandy, Kellermann, Clemens, Wicht, Johannes, and Redmer, Ronald. Material Properties for the Interiors of Massive Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad735.
Becker, Andreas, Bethkenhagen, Mandy, Kellermann, Clemens, Wicht, Johannes, & Redmer, Ronald. Material Properties for the Interiors of Massive Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aad735
Becker, Andreas, Bethkenhagen, Mandy, Kellermann, Clemens, Wicht, Johannes, and Redmer, Ronald. Mon .
"Material Properties for the Interiors of Massive Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aad735. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1474392.
@article{osti_1474392,
title = {Material Properties for the Interiors of Massive Giant Planets and Brown Dwarfs},
author = {Becker, Andreas and Bethkenhagen, Mandy and Kellermann, Clemens and Wicht, Johannes and Redmer, Ronald},
abstractNote = {Here, we present thermodynamic material and transport properties for the extreme conditions prevalent in the interiors of massive giant planets and brown dwarfs. They are obtained from extensive ab initio simulations of hydrogen–helium mixtures along the isentropes of three representative objects. In particular, we determine the heat capacities, the thermal expansion coefficient, the isothermal compressibility, and the sound velocity. Important transport properties such as the electrical and thermal conductivity, opacity, and shear viscosity are also calculated. Further results for associated quantities, including magnetic and thermal diffusivity, kinematic shear viscosity, as well as the static Love number k2 and the equidistance, are presented. In comparison to Jupiter-mass planets, the behavior inside massive giant planets and brown dwarfs is stronger dominated by degenerate matter. We discuss the implications on possible dynamics and magnetic fields of those massive objects. The consistent data set compiled here may serve as a starting point to obtain material and transport properties for other substellar H–He objects with masses above one Jovian mass and finally may be used as input for dynamo simulations.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-3881/aad735},
journal = {The Astronomical Journal (Online)},
number = 4,
volume = 156,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Sep 10 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon Sep 10 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Mean-Value Point in the Brillouin Zone
journal, June 1973
- Baldereschi, A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 7, Issue 12
AB INITIO EQUATIONS OF STATE FOR HYDROGEN (H-REOS.3) AND HELIUM (He-REOS.3) AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERIOR OF BROWN DWARFS
journal, January 2014
- Becker, Andreas; Lorenzen, Winfried; Fortney, Jonathan J.
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 215, Issue 2
First Detection of a Strong Magnetic Field on a Bursty Brown Dwarf: Puzzle Solved
journal, September 2017
- Berdyugina, S. V.; Harrington, D. M.; Kuzmychov, O.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 847, Issue 1
Temperature dependence of de Gennes narrowing and transport properties of liquid rubidium: Experimental and simulation results
journal, September 2007
- Bertolini, D.; Demmel, F.; Tani, A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 9
Projector augmented-wave method
journal, December 1994
- Blöchl, P. E.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 50, Issue 24, p. 17953-17979
Zonal flow magnetic field interaction in the semi-conducting region of giant planets
journal, November 2017
- Cao, Hao; Stevenson, David J.
- Icarus, Vol. 296
Energy flux determines magnetic field strength of planets and stars
journal, January 2009
- Christensen, Ulrich R.; Holzwarth, Volkmar; Reiners, Ansgar
- Nature, Vol. 457, Issue 7226
A New Model of Jupiter's Magnetic Field From Juno's First Nine Orbits
journal, March 2018
- Connerney, J. E. P.; Kotsiaros, S.; Oliversen, R. J.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 6
Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission : VI. CoRoT-Exo-3b: the first secure inhabitant of the brown-dwarf desert
journal, October 2008
- Deleuil, M.; Deeg, H. J.; Alonso, R.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 491, Issue 3
Physical conditions for Jupiter-like dynamo models
journal, January 2018
- Duarte, Lúcia D. V.; Wicht, Johannes; Gastine, Thomas
- Icarus, Vol. 299
Transport properties of dense matter
journal, May 1976
- Flowers, E.; Itoh, N.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 206
Synthetic Spectra and Colors of Young Giant Planet Atmospheres: Effects of Initial Conditions and Atmospheric Metallicity
journal, August 2008
- Fortney, J. J.; Marley, M. S.; Saumon, D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 683, Issue 2
Ab Initio Simulations for Material Properties Along the Jupiter Adiabat
journal, August 2012
- French, Martin; Becker, Andreas; Lorenzen, Winfried
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 202, Issue 1
Dynamical Screening and Ionic Conductivity in Water from Ab Initio Simulations
journal, October 2011
- French, Martin; Hamel, Sebastien; Redmer, Ronald
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 18
Dipolar versus multipolar dynamos: the influence of the background density stratification
journal, September 2012
- Gastine, T.; Duarte, L.; Wicht, J.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 546
Explaining Jupiter's magnetic field and equatorial jet dynamics
journal, August 2014
- Gastine, T.; Wicht, J.; Duarte, L. D. V.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 15
Detection of Jovian seismic waves: a new probe of its interior structure
journal, June 2011
- Gaulme, P.; Schmider, F. -X.; Gay, J.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 531
The free oscillations of Jupiter
journal, October 1999
- Gudkova, T. V.; Zharkov, V. N.
- Planetary and Space Science, Vol. 47, Issue 10-11
Interiors of Giant Planets Inside and Outside the Solar System
journal, October 1999
- Guillot, T.
- Science, Vol. 286, Issue 5437
Ab-initio simulations of materials using VASP: Density-functional theory and beyond
journal, October 2008
- Hafner, Jürgen
- Journal of Computational Chemistry, Vol. 29, Issue 13
Electrical conductivity of a warm neutron star crust in magnetic fields
journal, August 2016
- Harutyunyan, Arus; Sedrakian, Armen
- Physical Review C, Vol. 94, Issue 2
KOI-200 b and KOI-889 b: Two transiting exoplanets detected and characterized with Kepler , SOPHIE, and HARPS-N
journal, June 2013
- Hébrard, G.; Almenara, J. -M.; Santerne, A.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 554
Erratum: “Hybrid functionals based on a screened Coulomb potential” [J. Chem. Phys. 118, 8207 (2003)]
journal, June 2006
- Heyd, Jochen; Scuseria, Gustavo E.; Ernzerhof, Matthias
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 124, Issue 21
Electronic transport coefficients from ab initio simulations and application to dense liquid hydrogen
journal, June 2011
- Holst, Bastian; French, Martin; Redmer, Ronald
- Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 23
Studies in Stellar Evolution. V. Transport Coefficients of Degenerate Stellar Matter
journal, December 1966
- Hubbard, W. B.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 146
Thermal Conduction by Electrons in Stellar Matter
journal, June 1969
- Hubbard, W. B.; Lampe, Martin
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 18
Fuel gain exceeding unity in an inertially confined fusion implosion
journal, February 2014
- Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A.; Casey, D. T.
- Nature, Vol. 506, Issue 7488
Theory of interparticle correlations in dense, high-temperature plasmas. V. Electric and thermal conductivities
journal, September 1985
- Ichimaru, Setsuo; Tanaka, Shigenori
- Physical Review A, Vol. 32, Issue 3
Auroral Radio Emission from late l and t Dwarfs: a new Constraint on Dynamo Theory in the Substellar Regime
journal, February 2016
- Kao, Melodie M.; Hallinan, Gregg; Pineda, J. Sebastian
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 818, Issue 1
Interior structure models and fluid Love numbers of exoplanets in the super-Earth regime
journal, July 2018
- Kellermann, C.; Becker, A.; Redmer, R.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 615
Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set
journal, October 1996
- Kresse, G.; Furthmüller, J.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 54, Issue 16, p. 11169-11186
Ab initiomolecular dynamics for liquid metals
journal, January 1993
- Kresse, G.; Hafner, J.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 47, Issue 1, p. 558-561
Ab initio molecular-dynamics simulation of the liquid-metal–amorphous-semiconductor transition in germanium
journal, May 1994
- Kresse, G.; Hafner, J.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 49, Issue 20, p. 14251-14269
Statistical-Mechanical Theory of Irreversible Processes. I. General Theory and Simple Applications to Magnetic and Conduction Problems
journal, June 1957
- Kubo, Ryogo
- Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 12, Issue 6
Pulsation Frequencies and Modes of Giant Exoplanets
journal, January 2013
- Le Bihan, Bastien; Burrows, Adam
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 764, Issue 1
An electron conductivity model for dense plasmas
journal, January 1984
- Lee, Y. T.; More, R. M.
- Physics of Fluids, Vol. 27, Issue 5
The physics basis for ignition using indirect-drive targets on the National Ignition Facility
journal, February 2004
- Lindl, John D.; Amendt, Peter; Berger, Richard L.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Bestimmung der Wärmegrade in absolutem Maasse
journal, January 1872
- Lorenz, L.
- Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Vol. 223, Issue 11
Atmospheric, Evolutionary, and Spectral Models of the Brown Dwarf Gliese 229 B
journal, June 1996
- Marley, M. S.; Saumon, D.; Guillot, T.
- Science, Vol. 272, Issue 5270
The National Ignition Facility: an experimental platform for studying behavior of matter under extreme conditions
journal, November 2010
- Moses, Edward
- Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol. 336, Issue 1
Transport coefficients of dense matter in the liquid metal regime
journal, August 1984
- Nandkumar, R.; Pethick, C. J.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 209, Issue 3
Jupiter Models with Improved ab Initio Hydrogen Equation of State (H-Reos.2)
journal, April 2012
- Nettelmann, N.; Becker, A.; Holst, B.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 750, Issue 1
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996
- Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868
Probing the Interiors of very hot Jupiters Using Transit Light Curves
journal, June 2009
- Ragozzine, Darin; Wolf, Aaron S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 698, Issue 2
On the magnetic topology of partially and fully convective stars
journal, January 2009
- Reiners, A.; Basri, G.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 496, Issue 3
A magnetic field evolution scenario for brown dwarfs and giant planets
journal, October 2010
- Reiners, A.; Christensen, U. R.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 522
Astrophysical Opacity
journal, January 1994
- Rogers, F. J.; Iglesias, C. A.
- Science, Vol. 263, Issue 5143
The FeH Wing‐Ford Band in Spectra of M Stars
journal, July 1997
- Schiavon, Ricardo P.; Barbuy, B.; Singh, Patan D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 484, Issue 1
The phase diagram and transport properties for hydrogen-helium fluid planets
journal, October 1977
- Stevenson, D. J.; Salpeter, E. E.
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 35
Explaining the Coexistence of Large-Scale and Small-Scale Magnetic Fields in Fully Convective Stars
journal, November 2015
- Yadav, Rakesh K.; Christensen, Ulrich R.; Morin, Julien
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 813, Issue 2
Scaling laws in spherical shell dynamos with free-slip boundaries
journal, July 2013
- Yadav, Rakesh K.; Gastine, Thomas; Christensen, Ulrich R.
- Icarus, Vol. 225, Issue 1
Electronic structure of AlFeN films exhibiting crystallographic orientation change from c- to a-axis with Fe concentrations and annealing effect
journal, February 2020
- Tatemizo, Nobuyuki; Imada, Saki; Okahara, Kizuna
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Probing the Interiors of Very Hot Jupiters Using Transit Light Curves
journal, May 2008
- Wolf, Aaron S.; Ragozzine, Darin
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, Vol. 4, Issue S253
Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission VI. CoRoT-Exo-3b: The first secure inhabitant of the brown-dwarf desert
text, January 2008
- Deleuil, M.; Deeg, H. J.; Alonso, R.
- arXiv
On the magnetic topology of partially and fully convective stars
text, January 2009
- Reiners, Ansgar; Basri, Gibor
- arXiv
A magnetic field evolution scenario for brown dwarfs and giant planets
text, January 2010
- Reiners, Ansgar; Christensen, Ulrich R.
- arXiv
Detection of Jovian seismic waves: a new probe of its interior structure
text, January 2011
- Gaulme, Patrick; Schmider, François-Xavier; Gay, Jean
- arXiv
Pulsation Frequencies and Modes of Giant Exoplanets
text, January 2012
- Bihan, Bastien Le; Burrows, Adam
- arXiv
KOI-200b and KOI-889b: two transiting exoplanets detected and characterized with Kepler, SOPHIE and HARPS-N
text, January 2013
- Hebrard, G.; Almenara, J. -M.; Santerne, A.
- arXiv
Explaining Jupiter's magnetic field and equatorial jet dynamics
text, January 2014
- Gastine, T.; Wicht, J.; Duarte, L.
- arXiv
Explaining the coexistence of large-scale and small-scale magnetic fields in fully convective stars
text, January 2015
- Yadav, Rakesh K.; Christensen, Ulrich R.; Morin, Julien
- arXiv
Auroral radio emission from late L and T dwarfs: A new constraint on dynamo theory in the substellar regime
text, January 2015
- Kao, Melodie M.; Hallinan, Gregg; Pineda, J. Sebastian
- arXiv
Zonal Flow Magnetic Field Interaction in the Semi-Conducting Region of Giant Planets
text, January 2017
- Cao, Hao; Stevenson, David J.
- arXiv
First Detection of a Strong Magnetic Field on a Bursty Brown Dwarf: Puzzle Solved
text, January 2017
- Berdyugina, S. V.; Harrington, D. M.; Kuzmychov, O.
- arXiv
Atmospheric, Evolutionary, and Spectral Models of the Brown Dwarf Gliese 229 B
text, January 1996
- Marley, M. S.; Saumon, D.; Guillot, T.
- arXiv
The FeH Wing-Ford Band in Spectra of M Stars
text, January 1997
- Schiavon, Ricardo P.; Barbuy, B.; Singh, Patan D.
- arXiv
The first principles calculation of transport coefficients
text, January 1998
- Alfe`, Dario; Gillan, Michael J.
- arXiv
Works referencing / citing this record:
Small Anisotropy in Stellar Objects in Modified Theories of Gravity
journal, October 2019
- Chowdhury, Shaswata; Sarkar, Tapobrata
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 884, Issue 1
Small Anisotropy in Stellar Objects in Modified Theories of Gravity
text, January 2018
- Chowdhury, Shaswata; Sarkar, Tapobrata
- arXiv