Electronic and structural response to pressure in the hyperkagome-lattice Na3Ir3O8

Sun, F.; Zheng, H.; Liu, Y.; Sandoval, E. D.; Xu, C.; Xu, J.; Jin, C. Q.; Sun, C. J.; Yang, W. G.; Mao, H. K.; Mitchell, J. F.; Kolmogorov, A. N.; Haskel, D.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.98.085131

Title: Electronic and structural response to pressure in the hyperkagome-lattice ${Na}_{3} {Ir}_{3} O_{8}$

Abstract

Here, the hyper-kagome lattice iridate Na₃Ir₃O₈, closely related to spin liquid candidate Na₄Ir₃O₈, is unusual in that spin-orbit interactions acting on the 1/3-filled J_eff = 1/2 state lead to a semimetallic ground state, in contrast to the conventional insulating Mott state stabilized by S-O interactions in the 1/2-filled J_eff = 1/2 state of other iridates including Na₄Ir₃O₈. We have studied the evolution of crystal structure, electronic structure, and transport in Na₃Ir₃O₈ under high pressure using x-ray diffraction, x-ray absorption near edge structure, and electrical resistance measurements in a diamond anvil cell. The study was augmented by the use of ab initio calculations, which provided insight into pressure-induced changes in crystal and electronic structure. We found that Na₃Ir₃O₈ transforms from a semimetal to an insulator under pressure, with an estimated energy gap that increases to about 130 meV at P similar to 9 GPa. At approximately 10 GPa, a cubic-to-monoclinic structural transition takes place between two insulating phases. This structural transition features a sizable volume collapse and a high-pressure phase characterized by apparent dimerization of Ir-Ir distances, wide dispersion of Ir-O-Ir bond angles, and an increase in the occupation of 5d states. Although the energy gap is reduced in the high-pressuremore »« less

Authors:

Sun, F. ^[1]; Zheng, H. ^[2]; Liu, Y. ^[3]; Sandoval, E. D. ^[4]; Xu, C. ^[5]; Xu, J. ^[6]; Jin, C. Q. ^[7]; Sun, C. J. ^[2]; Yang, W. G. ^[8]; Mao, H. K. ^[8]; Mitchell, J. F. ^[2]; Kolmogorov, A. N. ^[4]; Haskel, D. ^[2]

Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing (China); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China); Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an (China)
Binghamton Univ., State Univ. of New York, Binghamton, NY (United States)
Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing (China)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China); Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing (China)
Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing (China); Carnegie Inst. of Washington, Argonne, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: 2018-08-20

Research Org.:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1472084

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1465243

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; FG02-99ER45775; NA0001974

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 98; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats


                    Sun, F., Zheng, H., Liu, Y., Sandoval, E. D., Xu, C., Xu, J., Jin, C. Q., Sun, C. J., Yang, W. G., Mao, H. K., Mitchell, J. F., Kolmogorov, A. N., and Haskel, D. Electronic and structural response to pressure in the hyperkagome-lattice Na3Ir3O8.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.98.085131.

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                    Sun, F., Zheng, H., Liu, Y., Sandoval, E. D., Xu, C., Xu, J., Jin, C. Q., Sun, C. J., Yang, W. G., Mao, H. K., Mitchell, J. F., Kolmogorov, A. N., & Haskel, D. Electronic and structural response to pressure in the hyperkagome-lattice Na3Ir3O8.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.085131

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                    Sun, F., Zheng, H., Liu, Y., Sandoval, E. D., Xu, C., Xu, J., Jin, C. Q., Sun, C. J., Yang, W. G., Mao, H. K., Mitchell, J. F., Kolmogorov, A. N., and Haskel, D. Mon .  
"Electronic and structural response to pressure in the hyperkagome-lattice Na3Ir3O8".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.085131.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1472084.

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@article{osti_1472084,

  title        = {Electronic and structural response to pressure in the hyperkagome-lattice Na3Ir3O8},

  author       = {Sun, F. and Zheng, H. and Liu, Y. and Sandoval, E. D. and Xu, C. and Xu, J. and Jin, C. Q. and Sun, C. J. and Yang, W. G. and Mao, H. K. and Mitchell, J. F. and Kolmogorov, A. N. and Haskel, D.},

  abstractNote = {Here, the hyper-kagome lattice iridate Na3Ir3O8, closely related to spin liquid candidate Na4Ir3O8, is unusual in that spin-orbit interactions acting on the 1/3-filled Jeff = 1/2 state lead to a semimetallic ground state, in contrast to the conventional insulating Mott state stabilized by S-O interactions in the 1/2-filled Jeff = 1/2 state of other iridates including Na4Ir3O8. We have studied the evolution of crystal structure, electronic structure, and transport in Na3Ir3O8 under high pressure using x-ray diffraction, x-ray absorption near edge structure, and electrical resistance measurements in a diamond anvil cell. The study was augmented by the use of ab initio calculations, which provided insight into pressure-induced changes in crystal and electronic structure. We found that Na3Ir3O8 transforms from a semimetal to an insulator under pressure, with an estimated energy gap that increases to about 130 meV at P similar to 9 GPa. At approximately 10 GPa, a cubic-to-monoclinic structural transition takes place between two insulating phases. This structural transition features a sizable volume collapse and a high-pressure phase characterized by apparent dimerization of Ir-Ir distances, wide dispersion of Ir-O-Ir bond angles, and an increase in the occupation of 5d states. Although the energy gap is reduced in the high-pressure phase, insulating behavior remains to the highest pressures similar to 1 Mbar. The strongly pressure-dependent insulating gap shows a positive correlation with the expectation value of the angular part of the S-O interaction, < L • S >, which may indicate an active role of S-O interactions in stabilizing the insulating state that emerges in the compressed Na3Ir3O8 structure.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevB.98.085131},

  journal      = {Physical Review B},

  number       = 8,

  volume       = 98,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {8}

}

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Witczak-Krempa, William; Chen, Gang; Kim, Yong Baek
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1305.2193

Surface States of Perovskite Iridates AIrO$_3$; Signatures of Topological Crystalline Metal with Nontrivial $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Index
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Kim, Heung-Sik; Chen, Yige; Kee, Hae-Young
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1411.1406

High-pressure versus isoelectronic doping effect on the honeycomb iridate Na$_2$IrO$_3$
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Hermann, V.; Ebad-Allah, J.; Freund, F.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1711.00713

Complexity in Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems
text, January 2005

Dagotto, Elbio
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0509041

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Title: Electronic and structural response to pressure in the hyperkagome-lattice Na 3 Ir 3 O 8

Abstract

Citation Formats

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple journal, October 1996

Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling Effects on the Fermi Surface of Sr 2 RuO 4 and Sr 2 RhO 4 journal, July 2008

Ab initio analysis of the tight-binding parameters and magnetic interactions in Na 2 IrO 3 journal, July 2013

Imaging the evolution of metallic states in a correlated iridate journal, May 2013

Pressure tuning of bond-directional exchange interactions and magnetic frustration in the hyperhoneycomb iridate β − Li 2 IrO 3 journal, October 2017

Projector augmented-wave method journal, December 1994

Lattice-driven magnetoresistivity and metal-insulator transition in single-layered iridates journal, September 2011

Correlated Quantum Phenomena in the Strong Spin-Orbit Regime journal, March 2014

Mott physics and band topology in materials with strong spin–orbit interaction journal, March 2010

Pressure-Driven Evolution of the Covalent Network in CaB 6 journal, August 2012

Iron-Based Layered Superconductor La[O 1- x F x ]FeAs ( x = 0.05−0.12) with T c = 26 K journal, March 2008

Linear relation between x-ray absorption branching ratio and valence-band spin-orbit expectation value journal, August 1988

Electron-energy-loss spectra and the structural stability of nickel oxide: An LSDA+U study journal, January 1998

Transition Metal Oxides journal, October 1989

Competition between spin-orbit coupling, magnetism, and dimerization in the honeycomb iridates: α − Li 2 IrO 3 under pressure journal, January 2018

Controlled vapor crystal growth of N a 4 I r 3 O 8 : A three-dimensional quantum spin liquid candidate journal, April 2018

"Special points for Brillouin-zone integrations"—a reply journal, August 1977

Density-functional theory and strong interactions: Orbital ordering in Mott-Hubbard insulators journal, August 1995

Local Probe for Spin-Orbit Interaction journal, May 1988

Synthesis of a predicted layered LiB via cold compression journal, October 2015

First-principles study of the lattice dynamics, thermodynamic properties and electron-phonon coupling of Y B 6 journal, December 2007

Phase-Sensitive Observation of a Spin-Orbital Mott State in Sr2IrO4 journal, March 2009

Evolution of magnetic, transport, and thermal properties in Na 4 − x Ir 3 O 8 journal, June 2015

Ab initiomolecular dynamics for liquid metals journal, January 1993

Superconductivity in iron compounds journal, December 2011

Metal-insulator transition of ferromagnetic ordered double perovskites: ( Sr 1 − y Ca y ) 2 FeReO 6 journal, March 2002

Pressure induced second-order structural transition in Sr 3 Ir 2 O 7 journal, May 2014

Pressure-induced insulating state in ( L a , S r ) CoO 3 journal, April 2004

Spin-Liquid State in the S = 1 / 2 Hyperkagome Antiferromagnet Na 4 Ir 3 O 8 journal, September 2007

Method for locating low-energy solutions within DFT + U journal, November 2010

Metal–insulator transition in double perovskite Sr2Fe(Re,W)O6 compound journal, February 2004

Pressure Tuning of the Spin-Orbit Coupled Ground State in Sr 2 IrO 4 journal, July 2012

Critical Pressure for the Metal-Semiconductor Transition in V 2 O 3 journal, April 1969

Occupation matrix control of d- and f-electron localisations using DFT + U journal, January 2014

Zigzag Magnetic Order in the Iridium Oxide Na 2 IrO 3 journal, February 2013

High-pressure versus isoelectronic doping effect on the honeycomb iridate Na 2 IrO 3 journal, November 2017

Spin liquids in frustrated magnets journal, March 2010

Direct observation of a pressure-induced metal-to-semiconductor transition in lithium journal, March 2009

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996)] journal, February 1997

Interplay between spin-orbit coupling and Hubbard interaction in SrIrO 3 and related Pbnm perovskite oxides journal, August 2012

Complexity in Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems journal, July 2005

Novel J eff = 1 / 2 Mott State Induced by Relativistic Spin-Orbit Coupling in Sr 2 IrO 4 journal, August 2008

High-pressure insulator-to-metal transition in Sr 3 Ir 2 O 7 studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy journal, January 2018

Reduction of the bulk modulus at high pressure in CrN journal, October 2009

Possible highT c superconductivity in the Ba?La?Cu?O system journal, June 1986

Temperature dependence of the electronic structure of the J eff = 1 2 Mott insulator Sr 2 IrO 4 studied by optical spectroscopy journal, November 2009

Spin-orbit coupling induced semi-metallic state in the 1/3 hole-doped hyper-kagome Na3Ir3O8 journal, October 2014

Short-Range Correlations in the Magnetic Ground State of Na 4 Ir 3 O 8 journal, December 2014

Special points for Brillouin-zone integrations journal, June 1976

Phase stability and incompressibility of tungsten boride (WB) researched by in-situ high pressure x-ray diffraction journal, September 2017

From quantum matter to high-temperature superconductivity in copper oxides journal, February 2015

Metal-insulator transitions journal, October 1998

DFT + U calculations of the ground state and metastable states of uranium dioxide journal, June 2009

Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set journal, October 1996

The high-pressure phase transition sequence from the rutile-type through to the cotunnite-type structure in journal, March 1996

Spin Waves and Revised Crystal Structure of Honeycomb Iridate Na 2 IrO 3 journal, March 2012

Electron-doped Sr 2 IrO 4 − δ ( 0 ≤ δ ≤ 0.04 ) : Evolution of a disordered J eff = 1 2 Mott insulator into an exotic metallic state journal, September 2010

Dynamics and Control in Complex Transition Metal Oxides journal, July 2014

Orbital-quenching–induced magnetism in Ba 2 NaOsO 6 journal, October 2007

Kitaev magnetism in honeycomb RuCl 3 with intermediate spin-orbit coupling journal, June 2015

Surface states of perovskite iridates AIrO 3 : Signatures of a topological crystalline metal with nontrivial Z 2 index journal, June 2015

Multiferroics progress and prospects in thin films journal, January 2007

Dimensionality-Controlled Insulator-Metal Transition and Correlated Metallic State in 5 d Transition Metal Oxides Sr n + 1 Ir n O 3 n + 1 ( n = 1 , 2, and ∞ ) journal, November 2008

Giant magnetoelectric effect in the J eff = 1 2 Mott insulator Sr 2 IrO 4 journal, October 2009

Pressure-Induced Confined Metal from the Mott Insulator Sr 3 Ir 2 O 7 journal, May 2016

Exploring the microscopic origin of magnetic anisotropies with X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectroscopy journal, October 1999

Different response of transport and magnetic properties of BaIrO 3 to chemical and physical pressure journal, July 2014

Superconductivity in Strong Spin Orbital Coupling Compound Sb2Se3 journal, October 2014

Instrument for x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at high pressures journal, August 2007

Predominance of the Kitaev interaction in a three-dimensional honeycomb iridate: From ab initio to spin model journal, December 2015

Orbital Physics in Transition-Metal Oxides journal, April 2000

Persistent non-metallic behavior in Sr 2 IrO 4 and Sr 3 Ir 2 O 7 at high pressures journal, June 2014

Metal-insulator transitions journal, June 1991

Voltage- and time-dependent valence state transition in cobalt oxide catalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction journal, April 2020

Electronic structure of AlFeN films exhibiting crystallographic orientation change from c- to a-axis with Fe concentrations and annealing effect journal, February 2020

Transition metal oxides journal, April 1996

Superconductivity in Iron Compounds text, January 2011

Title: Electronic and structural response to pressure in the hyperkagome-lattice ${Na}_{3} {Ir}_{3} O_{8}$

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple
journal, October 1996

Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling Effects on the Fermi Surface of ${Sr}_{2} {RuO}_{4}$ and ${Sr}_{2} {RhO}_{4}$
journal, July 2008

Ab initio analysis of the tight-binding parameters and magnetic interactions in Na $_{2}$ IrO $_{3}$
journal, July 2013

Imaging the evolution of metallic states in a correlated iridate
journal, May 2013

Pressure tuning of bond-directional exchange interactions and magnetic frustration in the hyperhoneycomb iridate $β - {Li}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, October 2017

Projector augmented-wave method
journal, December 1994

Lattice-driven magnetoresistivity and metal-insulator transition in single-layered iridates
journal, September 2011

Correlated Quantum Phenomena in the Strong Spin-Orbit Regime
journal, March 2014

Mott physics and band topology in materials with strong spin–orbit interaction
journal, March 2010

Pressure-Driven Evolution of the Covalent Network in ${CaB}_{6}$
journal, August 2012

Iron-Based Layered Superconductor La[O _1- _x F _x ]FeAs ( x = 0.05−0.12) with T _c = 26 K
journal, March 2008

Linear relation between x-ray absorption branching ratio and valence-band spin-orbit expectation value
journal, August 1988

Electron-energy-loss spectra and the structural stability of nickel oxide: An LSDA+U study
journal, January 1998

Transition Metal Oxides
journal, October 1989

Competition between spin-orbit coupling, magnetism, and dimerization in the honeycomb iridates: $α - {Li}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$ under pressure
journal, January 2018

Controlled vapor crystal growth of $N a_{4} I r_{3} O_{8}$ : A three-dimensional quantum spin liquid candidate
journal, April 2018

"Special points for Brillouin-zone integrations"—a reply
journal, August 1977

Density-functional theory and strong interactions: Orbital ordering in Mott-Hubbard insulators
journal, August 1995

Local Probe for Spin-Orbit Interaction
journal, May 1988

Synthesis of a predicted layered LiB via cold compression
journal, October 2015

First-principles study of the lattice dynamics, thermodynamic properties and electron-phonon coupling of $Y B_{6}$
journal, December 2007

Phase-Sensitive Observation of a Spin-Orbital Mott State in Sr2IrO4
journal, March 2009

Evolution of magnetic, transport, and thermal properties in ${Na}_{4 - x} {Ir}_{3} O_{8}$
journal, June 2015

Ab initiomolecular dynamics for liquid metals
journal, January 1993

Superconductivity in iron compounds
journal, December 2011

Metal-insulator transition of ferromagnetic ordered double perovskites: $({Sr}_{1 - y} {Ca}_{y})_{2} {FeReO}_{6}$
journal, March 2002

Pressure induced second-order structural transition in Sr ₃ Ir ₂ O ₇
journal, May 2014

Pressure-induced insulating state in $(L a, S r) {CoO}_{3}$
journal, April 2004

Spin-Liquid State in the $S = 1 / 2$ Hyperkagome Antiferromagnet ${Na}_{4} {Ir}_{3} O_{8}$
journal, September 2007

Method for locating low-energy solutions within $DFT + U$
journal, November 2010

Metal–insulator transition in double perovskite Sr2Fe(Re,W)O6 compound
journal, February 2004

Pressure Tuning of the Spin-Orbit Coupled Ground State in ${Sr}_{2} {IrO}_{4}$
journal, July 2012

Critical Pressure for the Metal-Semiconductor Transition in $V_{2}$ $O_{3}$
journal, April 1969

Occupation matrix control of d- and f-electron localisations using DFT + U
journal, January 2014

Zigzag Magnetic Order in the Iridium Oxide ${Na}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, February 2013

High-pressure versus isoelectronic doping effect on the honeycomb iridate ${Na}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, November 2017

Spin liquids in frustrated magnets
journal, March 2010

Direct observation of a pressure-induced metal-to-semiconductor transition in lithium
journal, March 2009

Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996)]
journal, February 1997

Interplay between spin-orbit coupling and Hubbard interaction in SrIrO $_{3}$ and related $Pbnm$ perovskite oxides
journal, August 2012

Complexity in Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems
journal, July 2005

Novel $J_{eff} = 1 / 2$ Mott State Induced by Relativistic Spin-Orbit Coupling in ${Sr}_{2} {IrO}_{4}$
journal, August 2008

High-pressure insulator-to-metal transition in ${Sr}_{3} {Ir}_{2} O_{7}$ studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy
journal, January 2018

Reduction of the bulk modulus at high pressure in CrN
journal, October 2009

Possible highT c superconductivity in the Ba?La?Cu?O system
journal, June 1986

Temperature dependence of the electronic structure of the $J_{eff} = \frac{1}{2}$ Mott insulator ${Sr}_{2} {IrO}_{4}$ studied by optical spectroscopy
journal, November 2009

Spin-orbit coupling induced semi-metallic state in the 1/3 hole-doped hyper-kagome Na3Ir3O8
journal, October 2014

Short-Range Correlations in the Magnetic Ground State of ${Na}_{4} {Ir}_{3} O_{8}$
journal, December 2014

Special points for Brillouin-zone integrations
journal, June 1976

Phase stability and incompressibility of tungsten boride (WB) researched by in-situ high pressure x-ray diffraction
journal, September 2017

From quantum matter to high-temperature superconductivity in copper oxides
journal, February 2015

Metal-insulator transitions
journal, October 1998

$DFT + U$ calculations of the ground state and metastable states of uranium dioxide
journal, June 2009

Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set
journal, October 1996

The high-pressure phase transition sequence from the rutile-type through to the cotunnite-type structure in
journal, March 1996

Spin Waves and Revised Crystal Structure of Honeycomb Iridate ${Na}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, March 2012

Electron-doped ${Sr}_{2} {IrO}_{4 - δ}$ $(0 \leq δ \leq 0.04)$ : Evolution of a disordered $J_{eff} = \frac{1}{2}$ Mott insulator into an exotic metallic state
journal, September 2010

Dynamics and Control in Complex Transition Metal Oxides
journal, July 2014

Orbital-quenching–induced magnetism in Ba ₂ NaOsO ₆
journal, October 2007

Kitaev magnetism in honeycomb ${RuCl}_{3}$ with intermediate spin-orbit coupling
journal, June 2015

Surface states of perovskite iridates ${AIrO}_{3}$ : Signatures of a topological crystalline metal with nontrivial $Z_{2}$ index
journal, June 2015

Multiferroics progress and prospects in thin films
journal, January 2007

Dimensionality-Controlled Insulator-Metal Transition and Correlated Metallic State in $5 d$ Transition Metal Oxides ${Sr}_{n + 1} {Ir}_{n} O_{3 n + 1}$ ( $n = 1$ , 2, and $\infty$ )
journal, November 2008

Giant magnetoelectric effect in the $J_{eff} = \frac{1}{2}$ Mott insulator ${Sr}_{2} {IrO}_{4}$
journal, October 2009

Pressure-Induced Confined Metal from the Mott Insulator ${Sr}_{3} {Ir}_{2} O_{7}$
journal, May 2016

Exploring the microscopic origin of magnetic anisotropies with X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectroscopy
journal, October 1999

Different response of transport and magnetic properties of ${BaIrO}_{3}$ to chemical and physical pressure
journal, July 2014

Superconductivity in Strong Spin Orbital Coupling Compound Sb2Se3
journal, October 2014

Instrument for x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at high pressures
journal, August 2007

Predominance of the Kitaev interaction in a three-dimensional honeycomb iridate: From ab initio to spin model
journal, December 2015

Orbital Physics in Transition-Metal Oxides
journal, April 2000

Persistent non-metallic behavior in Sr ₂ IrO ₄ and Sr ₃ Ir ₂ O ₇ at high pressures
journal, June 2014

Metal-insulator transitions
journal, June 1991

Voltage- and time-dependent valence state transition in cobalt oxide catalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction
journal, April 2020

Electronic structure of AlFeN films exhibiting crystallographic orientation change from c- to a-axis with Fe concentrations and annealing effect
journal, February 2020

Transition metal oxides
journal, April 1996

Superconductivity in Iron Compounds
text, January 2011

Correlated quantum phenomena in the strong spin-orbit regime
text, January 2013

Surface States of Perovskite Iridates AIrO$_3$; Signatures of Topological Crystalline Metal with Nontrivial $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Index
text, January 2014