DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Background Free‐Tropospheric Ice Nucleating Particle Concentrations at Mixed‐Phase Cloud Conditions

Abstract

Abstract Clouds containing ice are vital for precipitation formation and are important in determining the Earth's radiative budget. However, primary formation of ice in clouds is not fully understood. In the presence of ice nucleating particles (INPs), the phase change to ice is promoted, but identification and quantification of INPs in a natural environment remains challenging because of their low numbers. In this paper, we quantify INP number concentrations in the free troposphere (FT) as measured at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch (JFJ), during the winter, spring, and summer of the years 2014–2017. INPs were measured at conditions relevant for mixed‐phase cloud formation at T  = 241/242 K. To date, this is the longest timeline of semiregular measurements akin to online INP monitoring at this site and sampling conditions. We find that INP concentrations in the background FT are on average capped at 10/stdL (liter of air at standard conditions [ T  = 273 K and p  = 1013 hPa]) with an interquartile range of 0.4–9.6/stdL, as compared to measurements during times when other air mass origins (e.g., Sahara or marine boundary layer) prevailed. Elevated concentrations were measured in the field campaigns of 2016, which might be due to enhanced influence from Saharan dust andmore » marine boundary layer air arriving at the JFJ. The upper limit of INP concentrations in the background FT is supported by measurements performed at similar conditions, but at different locations in the FT, where we find INP concentrations to be below 13/stdL most of the time.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [9]; ORCiD logo [9]
  1. Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETHZ Zurich Switzerland, Now at Atmospheric Aerosol Research Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, KIT Karlsruhe Germany
  2. Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
  3. Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA, Now at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
  4. Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETHZ Zurich Switzerland, Now at Institute for Atmospheric Physics German Aerospace Center Oberpfaffenhofen‐Wessling Germany
  5. Institute for Earth Science Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel, Now at Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
  6. Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen Switzerland
  7. Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Duebendorf Switzerland
  8. Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
  9. Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETHZ Zurich Switzerland
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1471435
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1472159; OSTI ID: 1475199
Grant/Contract Number:  
DE‐SC0014354; 240627; AC05-76RL01830; 654109; 603445; H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015; FP7/2007-2013; SC0014354; AGS1358495; 15.0159-1; MeteoSwiss GAW-CH+ 2014-2017
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Journal Volume: 123 Journal Issue: 18; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-897X
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; atmospheric ice nucleation; mixed‐phase clouds; free troposphere

Citation Formats

Lacher, Larissa, DeMott, Paul J., Levin, Ezra J. T., Suski, Kaitlyn J., Boose, Yvonne, Zipori, Assaf, Herrmann, Erik, Bukowiecki, Nicolas, Steinbacher, Martin, Gute, Ellen, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Lohmann, Ulrike, and Kanji, Zamin A. Background Free‐Tropospheric Ice Nucleating Particle Concentrations at Mixed‐Phase Cloud Conditions. United States: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1029/2018JD028338.
Lacher, Larissa, DeMott, Paul J., Levin, Ezra J. T., Suski, Kaitlyn J., Boose, Yvonne, Zipori, Assaf, Herrmann, Erik, Bukowiecki, Nicolas, Steinbacher, Martin, Gute, Ellen, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Lohmann, Ulrike, & Kanji, Zamin A. Background Free‐Tropospheric Ice Nucleating Particle Concentrations at Mixed‐Phase Cloud Conditions. United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD028338
Lacher, Larissa, DeMott, Paul J., Levin, Ezra J. T., Suski, Kaitlyn J., Boose, Yvonne, Zipori, Assaf, Herrmann, Erik, Bukowiecki, Nicolas, Steinbacher, Martin, Gute, Ellen, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Lohmann, Ulrike, and Kanji, Zamin A. Tue . "Background Free‐Tropospheric Ice Nucleating Particle Concentrations at Mixed‐Phase Cloud Conditions". United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD028338.
@article{osti_1471435,
title = {Background Free‐Tropospheric Ice Nucleating Particle Concentrations at Mixed‐Phase Cloud Conditions},
author = {Lacher, Larissa and DeMott, Paul J. and Levin, Ezra J. T. and Suski, Kaitlyn J. and Boose, Yvonne and Zipori, Assaf and Herrmann, Erik and Bukowiecki, Nicolas and Steinbacher, Martin and Gute, Ellen and Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. and Lohmann, Ulrike and Kanji, Zamin A.},
abstractNote = {Abstract Clouds containing ice are vital for precipitation formation and are important in determining the Earth's radiative budget. However, primary formation of ice in clouds is not fully understood. In the presence of ice nucleating particles (INPs), the phase change to ice is promoted, but identification and quantification of INPs in a natural environment remains challenging because of their low numbers. In this paper, we quantify INP number concentrations in the free troposphere (FT) as measured at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch (JFJ), during the winter, spring, and summer of the years 2014–2017. INPs were measured at conditions relevant for mixed‐phase cloud formation at T  = 241/242 K. To date, this is the longest timeline of semiregular measurements akin to online INP monitoring at this site and sampling conditions. We find that INP concentrations in the background FT are on average capped at 10/stdL (liter of air at standard conditions [ T  = 273 K and p  = 1013 hPa]) with an interquartile range of 0.4–9.6/stdL, as compared to measurements during times when other air mass origins (e.g., Sahara or marine boundary layer) prevailed. Elevated concentrations were measured in the field campaigns of 2016, which might be due to enhanced influence from Saharan dust and marine boundary layer air arriving at the JFJ. The upper limit of INP concentrations in the background FT is supported by measurements performed at similar conditions, but at different locations in the FT, where we find INP concentrations to be below 13/stdL most of the time.},
doi = {10.1029/2018JD028338},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres},
number = 18,
volume = 123,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Sep 18 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Tue Sep 18 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD028338

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 22 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Works referenced in this record:

Analysis of long‐term aerosol size distribution data from Jungfraujoch with emphasis on free tropospheric conditions, cloud influence, and air mass transport
journal, September 2015

  • Herrmann, Erik; Weingartner, Ernest; Henne, Stephan
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1002/2015JD023660

Targeting and impacts of AgI cloud seeding based on rain chemical composition and cloud top phase characterization
journal, October 2012


Assessment of parameters describing representativeness of air quality in-situ measurement sites
journal, January 2010


Tracking isotopic signatures of CO 2 at the high altitude site Jungfraujoch with laser spectroscopy: analytical improvements and representative results
journal, January 2013

  • Sturm, P.; Tuzson, B.; Henne, S.
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 6, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-6-1659-2013

Cross Sections of Ice Nucleus Concentrations at Altitude over Long Paths
journal, March 1967


Atmospheric ice nuclei in the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash plume
journal, January 2012

  • Bingemer, H.; Klein, H.; Ebert, M.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-857-2012

CalWater Field Studies Designed to Quantify the Roles of Atmospheric Rivers and Aerosols in Modulating U.S. West Coast Precipitation in a Changing Climate
journal, July 2016

  • Ralph, F. M.; Prather, K. A.; Cayan, D.
  • Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 97, Issue 7, p. 1209-1228
  • DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00043.1

Seasonal variability of measured ozone production efficiencies in the lower free troposphere of Central Europe
journal, January 2007

  • Zanis, P.; Ganser, A.; Zellweger, C.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-7-223-2007

Ice nucleating particles at a coastal marine boundary layer site: correlations with aerosol type and meteorological conditions
journal, January 2015


Transport of PAN and NOy from different source regions to the Swiss high alpine site Jungfraujoch
journal, January 2013


Partitioning of reactive nitrogen (NO<sub>y</sub>) and dependence on meteorological conditions in the lower free troposphere
journal, January 2003

  • Zellweger, C.; Forrer, J.; Hofer, P.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-3-779-2003

African dust aerosols as atmospheric ice nuclei: AFRICAN DUST AEROSOLS AS ICE NUCLEI
journal, July 2003

  • DeMott, Paul J.; Sassen, Kenneth; Poellot, Michael R.
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1029/2003GL017410

Heterogeneous ice nucleation on dust particles sourced from nine deserts worldwide – Part 1: Immersion freezing
journal, January 2016

  • Boose, Yvonne; Welti, André; Atkinson, James
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-15075-2016

A comprehensive laboratory study on the immersion freezing behavior of illite NX particles: a comparison of 17 ice nucleation measurement techniques
journal, January 2015

  • Hiranuma, N.; Augustin-Bauditz, S.; Bingemer, H.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-2489-2015

Strontium in rainwater from Israel: Sources, isotopes and chemistry
journal, November 1993


Ice formation in ash-influenced clouds after the eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in April 2010
journal, January 2011

  • Seifert, P.; Ansmann, A.; Groß, S.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116
  • DOI: 10.1029/2011JD015702

Ice Nucleating Particle Measurements at 241 K during Winter Months at 3580 m MSL in the Swiss Alps
journal, May 2016

  • Boose, Yvonne; Kanji, Zamin A.; Kohn, Monika
  • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 73, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0236.1

Microspectroscopic imaging and characterization of individually identified ice nucleating particles from a case field study: CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIVIDUAL IN
journal, September 2014

  • Knopf, D. A.; Alpert, P. A.; Wang, B.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, Issue 17
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014JD021866

An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology
book, January 1988


The background aerosol size distribution in the free troposphere: An analysis of the annual cycle at a high-alpine site
journal, December 1998

  • Nyeki, S.; Li, F.; Weingartner, E.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 103, Issue D24
  • DOI: 10.1029/1998JD200029

Resurgence in Ice Nuclei Measurement Research
journal, December 2011

  • DeMott, Paul J.; Möhler, Ottmar; Stetzer, Olaf
  • Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 92, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1175/2011BAMS3119.1

The Horizontal Ice Nucleation Chamber (HINC): INP measurements at conditions relevant for mixed-phase clouds at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch
journal, January 2017

  • Lacher, Larissa; Lohmann, Ulrike; Boose, Yvonne
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 24
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-17-15199-2017

Atmospheric Aerosols: Composition, Transformation, Climate and Health Effects
journal, November 2005


Measurements of the concentration and composition of nuclei for cirrus formation
journal, December 2003

  • DeMott, P. J.; Cziczo, D. J.; Prenni, A. J.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 100, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2532677100

Ground-based measurements of immersion freezing in the eastern Mediterranean
journal, January 2014


Development and Evaluation of a Prototype Ambient Particle Concentrator for Inhalation Exposure Studies
journal, January 1995


Seasonal and diurnal variation of aerosol size distributions (10< D <750 nm) at a high-alpine site (Jungfraujoch 3580 m asl)
journal, November 1999

  • Weingartner, E.; Nyeki, S.; Baltensperger, U.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 104, Issue D21
  • DOI: 10.1029/1999JD900170

Integrating laboratory and field data to quantify the immersion freezing ice nucleation activity of mineral dust particles
journal, January 2015

  • DeMott, P. J.; Prenni, A. J.; McMeeking, G. R.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-393-2015

Seasonal variability of Saharan desert dust and ice nucleating particles over Europe
journal, January 2015


Results from the University of Toronto continuous flow diffusion chamber at ICIS 2007: instrument intercomparison and ice onsets for different aerosol types
journal, January 2011

  • Kanji, Z. A.; DeMott, P. J.; Möhler, O.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-31-2011

A marine biogenic source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles
journal, September 2015

  • Wilson, Theodore W.; Ladino, Luis A.; Alpert, Peter A.
  • Nature, Vol. 525, Issue 7568
  • DOI: 10.1038/nature14986

Saharan dust events at the Jungfraujoch: detection by wavelength dependence of the single scattering albedo and first climatology analysis
journal, January 2004

  • Collaud Coen, M.; Weingartner, E.; Schaub, D.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 4, Issue 11/12
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-4-2465-2004

Ice cloud formation potential by free tropospheric particles from long-range transport over the Northern Atlantic Ocean: ICE CLOUD FORMATION BY AGED PARTICLES
journal, March 2017

  • China, Swarup; Alpert, Peter A.; Zhang, Bo
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1002/2016JD025817

Contact freezing: a review of experimental studies
journal, January 2013

  • Ladino Moreno, L. A.; Stetzer, O.; Lohmann, U.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-13-9745-2013

Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
journal, January 2005


Frequency of occurrence of rain from liquid-, mixed-, and ice-phase clouds derived from A-Train satellite retrievals: RAIN FROM LIQUID- AND ICE-PHASE CLOUDS
journal, August 2015

  • Mülmenstädt, Johannes; Sourdeval, O.; Delanoë, J.
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 15
  • DOI: 10.1002/2015GL064604

Analysis of elevated springtime levels of Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) at the high Alpine research sites Jungfraujoch and Zugspitze
journal, January 2014


A Review of More than 20 Years of Aerosol Observation at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland (3580 m asl)
journal, January 2016

  • Bukowiecki, Nicolas; Weingartner, Ernest; Gysel, Martin
  • Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Vol. 16, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.4209/aaqr.2015.05.0305

Measuring ice- and liquid-water properties in mixed-phase cloud layers at the Leipzig Cloudnet station
journal, January 2016

  • Bühl, Johannes; Seifert, Patric; Myagkov, Alexander
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-10609-2016

Development of a continuous flow thermal gradient diffusion chamber for ice nucleation studies
journal, July 1988


Satellite climatology of African dust transport in the Mediterranean atmosphere
journal, June 1998

  • Moulin, C.; Lambert, C. E.; Dayan, U.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 103, Issue D11
  • DOI: 10.1029/98JD00171

A Particle-Surface-Area-Based Parameterization of Immersion Freezing on Desert Dust Particles
journal, October 2012

  • Niemand, Monika; Möhler, Ottmar; Vogel, Bernhard
  • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 69, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0249.1

Measurements of heterogeneous ice nuclei in the western United States in springtime and their relation to aerosol characteristics
journal, January 2007

  • Richardson, Mathews S.; DeMott, Paul J.; Kreidenweis, Sonia M.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue D2
  • DOI: 10.1029/2006JD007500

Addressing the ice nucleating abilities of marine aerosol: A combination of deposition mode laboratory and field measurements
journal, May 2016


Ice nuclei in marine air: biogenic particles or dust?
journal, January 2013

  • Burrows, S. M.; Hoose, C.; Pöschl, U.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-13-245-2013

Measurements of ice nucleating aerosols during SUCCESS
journal, May 1998

  • Rogers, David C.; DeMott, Paul J.; Kreidenweis, Sonia M.
  • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 25, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1029/97GL03478

Studies of heterogeneous freezing by three different desert dust samples
journal, January 2009

  • Connolly, P. J.; Möhler, O.; Field, P. R.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-9-2805-2009

Aerosol climatology and planetary boundary influence at the Jungfraujoch analyzed by synoptic weather types
journal, January 2011

  • Collaud Coen, M.; Weingartner, E.; Furger, M.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-5931-2011

Laboratory investigations of the impact of mineral dust aerosol on cold cloud formation
journal, January 2010

  • Koehler, K. A.; Kreidenweis, S. M.; DeMott, P. J.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-11955-2010

Predicting global atmospheric ice nuclei distributions and their impacts on climate
journal, June 2010

  • DeMott, P. J.; Prenni, A. J.; Liu, X.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0910818107

Comparing contact and immersion freezing from continuous flow diffusion chambers
journal, January 2016

  • Nagare, Baban; Marcolli, Claudia; Welti, André
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-8899-2016

Heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmospheric aerosols: a review of results from laboratory experiments
journal, January 2012


Influence of Saharan dust on cloud glaciation in southern Morocco during the Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment
journal, January 2008

  • Ansmann, A.; Tesche, M.; Althausen, D.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D4
  • DOI: 10.1029/2007JD008785

Monitoring climate at Jungfraujoch in the high Swiss Alpine region
journal, March 2008


Warm rain processes over tropical oceans and climate implications: WARM RAIN PROCESSES OVER TROPICAL OCEANS
journal, December 2003


Aerosol transport to the high Alpine sites Jungfraujoch (3454 m asl) and Colle Gnifetti (4452 m asl)
journal, February 1998


Ice nuclei properties within a Saharan dust event at the Jungfraujoch in the Swiss Alps
journal, January 2011

  • Chou, C.; Stetzer, O.; Weingartner, E.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-4725-2011

Anthropogenic Aerosol Influences on Mixed-Phase Clouds
journal, February 2017


Atmospheric particles acting as Ice Forming Nuclei in different size ranges
journal, May 2010


Surface-to-mountaintop transport characterised by radon observations at the Jungfraujoch
journal, January 2014

  • Griffiths, A. D.; Conen, F.; Weingartner, E.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-12763-2014

Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles
journal, December 2015

  • DeMott, Paul J.; Hill, Thomas C. J.; McCluskey, Christina S.
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 21
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1514034112

Stimulation of ice nucleation by marine diatoms
journal, December 2010

  • Knopf, D. A.; Alpert, P. A.; Wang, B.
  • Nature Geoscience, Vol. 4, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1037

A Dynamic Link between Ice Nucleating Particles Released in Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol and Oceanic Biological Activity during Two Mesocosm Experiments
journal, January 2017

  • McCluskey, Christina S.; Hill, Thomas C. J.; Malfatti, Francesca
  • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 74, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-16-0087.1

Connections Between Clouds, Radiation, and Midlatitude Dynamics: a Review
journal, April 2015


The formation of ice in a long-lived supercooled layer cloud: Ice Formation in Altocumulus
journal, January 2013

  • Westbrook, C. D.; Illingworth, A. J.
  • Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 139, Issue 677
  • DOI: 10.1002/qj.2096

Biological residues define the ice nucleation properties of soil dust
journal, January 2011

  • Conen, F.; Morris, C. E.; Leifeld, J.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-9643-2011

Irreversible loss of ice nucleation active sites in mineral dust particles caused by sulphuric acid condensation
journal, January 2010

  • Sullivan, R. C.; Petters, M. D.; DeMott, P. J.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-11471-2010

Ice nuclei characteristics from M-PACE and their relation to ice formation in clouds
journal, April 2009


Ice nucleating particles in the Saharan Air Layer
journal, January 2016

  • Boose, Yvonne; Sierau, Berko; García, M. Isabel
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-9067-2016

Effects of aerosol sources and chemical compositions on cloud drop sizes and glaciation temperatures
journal, September 2015

  • Zipori, Assaf; Rosenfeld, Daniel; Tirosh, Ofir
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 18
  • DOI: 10.1002/2015JD023270

Improved mixing height monitoring through a combination of lidar and radon measurements
journal, January 2013

  • Griffiths, A. D.; Parkes, S. D.; Chambers, S. D.
  • Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 6, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-6-207-2013

Ice nucleation active particles are efficiently removed by precipitating clouds
journal, November 2015

  • Stopelli, Emiliano; Conen, Franz; Morris, Cindy E.
  • Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep16433

Mixed-Phase Clouds: Progress and Challenges
journal, January 2017


Free tropospheric ozone changes over Europe as observed at Jungfraujoch (1990–2008): An analysis based on backward trajectories
journal, January 2011

  • Cui, J.; Pandey Deolal, S.; Sprenger, M.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue D10
  • DOI: 10.1029/2010JD015154

An overview of aircraft observations from the Pacific Dust Experiment campaign
journal, January 2009

  • Stith, J. L.; Ramanathan, V.; Cooper, W. A.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, Issue D5
  • DOI: 10.1029/2008JD010924

Aerosol climatology at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, Switzerland
journal, August 1997

  • Baltensperger, U.; Gäggeler, H. W.; Jost, D. T.
  • Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 102, Issue D16
  • DOI: 10.1029/97JD00928

Contribution of feldspar and marine organic aerosols to global ice nucleating particle concentrations
journal, January 2017

  • Vergara-Temprado, Jesús; Murray, Benjamin J.; Wilson, Theodore W.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-17-3637-2017

Global simulations of aerosol processing in clouds
journal, January 2008

  • Hoose, C.; Lohmann, U.; Bennartz, R.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-8-6939-2008

Technical note: The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART version 6.2
journal, January 2005

  • Stohl, A.; Forster, C.; Frank, A.
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-5-2461-2005

Laboratory studies of immersion and deposition mode ice nucleation of ozone aged mineral dust particles
journal, January 2013


Ice in Clouds Experiment–Layer Clouds. Part II: Testing Characteristics of Heterogeneous Ice Formation in Lee Wave Clouds
journal, March 2012

  • Field, P. R.; Heymsfield, A. J.; Shipway, B. J.
  • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 69, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-11-026.1

Aerosol Measurement: Principles, Techniques, and Applications
book, June 2011


Clues that decaying leaves enrich Arctic air with ice nucleating particles
journal, March 2016


Ice nucleating particles over the Eastern Mediterranean measured by unmanned aircraft systems
journal, January 2017

  • Schrod, Jann; Weber, Daniel; Drücke, Jaqueline
  • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-17-4817-2017

Overview of Ice Nucleating Particles
journal, January 2017