Title: Fabrication of Scaffold-Based 3D Magnetic Nanowires for Domain Wall Applications

Abstract

Three-dimensional magnetic nanostructures hold great potential to revolutionize information technologies and to enable the study of novel physical phenomena. In this work, we describe a hybrid nanofabrication process combining bottom-up 3D nano-printing and top-down thin film deposition, which leads to the fabrication of complex magnetic nanostructures suitable for the study of new 3D magnetic effects. First, a non-magnetic 3D scaffold is nano-printed using Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition; then a thin film magnetic material is thermally evaporated onto the scaffold, leading to a functional 3D magnetic nanostructure. Scaffold geometries are extended beyond recently developed single-segment geometries by introducing a dual-pitch patterning strategy. Additionally, by tilting the substrate during growth, low-angle segments can be patterned, circumventing a major limitation of this nano-printing process; this is demonstrated by the fabrication of ‘staircase’ nanostructures with segments parallel to the substrate. The suitability of nano-printed scaffolds to support thermally evaporated thin films is discussed, outlining the importance of including supporting pillars to prevent deformation during the evaporation process. Employing this set of methods, a set of nanostructures tailored to precisely match a dark-field magneto-optical magnetometer have been fabricated and characterized. In conclusion, this work demonstrates the versatility of this hybrid technique and the interestingmore » magnetic properties of the nanostructures produced, opening a promising route for the development of new 3D devices for applications and fundamental studies.« less

Authors:

Sanz-Hernandez, Dodalo ^[1]; Hamans, Ruben ^[2]; Osterrieth, Johannes ^[3]; Liao, Jung-Wei ^[1]; Skoric, Luka ^[1]; Fowlkes, Jason Davidson  ^[4];

• Search DOE PAGES for author "Fowlkes, Jason Davidson"
• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-6295-5115"

Rack, Philip D.  ^[4];

• Search DOE PAGES for author "Rack, Philip D."
• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-9964-3254"

Lippert, Anna ^[3]; F. Lee, Steven ^[3]; Lavrijsen, Reinoud ^[2]; Fernandez-Pacheco, Amalio  ^[1]

• Search DOE PAGES for author "Fernandez-Pacheco, Amalio"
• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-3862-8472"

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom). Cavendish Lab.
2. Eindhoven Univ. of Technology (Netherlands). Dept. of Applied Physics
3. Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom). Dept. of Chemistry
4. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division; Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research

Publication Date:

Sat Jun 30 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE; Royal Society

OSTI Identifier:

1470874

Grant/Contract Number:  

AC05-00OR22725; RG170262

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Nanomaterials

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2079-4991

Publisher:

MDPI

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 3D-nanoprinting; Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition; nanomagnetism; FEBID; nanowire; nanofabrication; direct write; thin film