Attosecond time–energy structure of X-ray free-electron laser pulses

Hartmann, N.; Hartmann, G.; Heider, R.; Wagner, M. S.; Ilchen, M.; Buck, J.; Lindahl, A. O.; Benko, C.; Grünert, J.; Krzywinski, J.; Liu, J.; Lutman, A. A.; Marinelli, A.; Maxwell, T.; Miahnahri, A. A.; Moeller, S. P.; Planas, M.; Robinson, J.; Kazansky, A. K.; Kabachnik, N. M.; Viefhaus, J.; Feurer, T.; Kienberger, R.; Coffee, R. N.; Helml, W.

doi:10.1038/s41566-018-0107-6

Title: Attosecond time–energy structure of X-ray free-electron laser pulses

Journal Article · 05 March 2018 · Nature Photonics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0107-6 · OSTI ID:1469768

Hartmann, N. ^[1]; Hartmann, G. ^[2]; Heider, R. ^[3]; Wagner, M. S. ^[3]; Ilchen, M. ^[4];

^[5]; Lindahl, A. O. ^[6]; Benko, C. ^[7];

^[8]; Krzywinski, J. ^[4]; Liu, J. ^[8]; Lutman, A. A. ^[4]; Marinelli, A. ^[4];

^[4]; Miahnahri, A. A. ^[4]; Moeller, S. P. ^[4]; Planas, M. ^[8]; Robinson, J. ^[4]; Kazansky, A. K. ^[9]; Kabachnik, N. M. ^[10] more »

SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Univ. of Bern, Bern (Switzerland); Coherent Inc., Santa Clara, CA (United States)
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany); Univ. Kassel, Kassel (Germany)
Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany); European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld (Germany)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Univ. of Gothenburg, Gothenburg (Sweden); Qamcom Research & Technology AB, Goteborg (Sweden)
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld (Germany)
Univ. of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastian/Donostia (Spain); Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastian/Donostia (Spain); IKERBASQUE, Bilbao (Spain)
European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld (Germany); Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Moscow (Russia)
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany)
Univ. of Bern, Bern (Switzerland)
Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany); Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Garching (Germany)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany); Ludwig-Maximilians-Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany)

Here, the time–energy information of ultrashort X-ray free-electron laser pulses generated by the Linac Coherent Light Source is measured with attosecond resolution via angular streaking of neon 1s photoelectrons. The X-ray pulses promote electrons from the neon core level into an ionization continuum, where they are dressed with the electric field of a circularly polarized infrared laser. This induces characteristic modulations of the resulting photoelectron energy and angular distribution. From these modulations we recover the single-shot attosecond intensity structure and chirp of arbitrary X-ray pulses based on self-amplified spontaneous emission, which have eluded direct measurement so far. We characterize individual attosecond pulses, including their instantaneous frequency, and identify double pulses with well-defined delays and spectral properties, thus paving the way for X-ray pump/X-ray probe attosecond free-electron laser science.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1469768

Journal Information:: Nature Photonics, Vol. 12, Issue 4; ISSN 1749-4885

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 108 works

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