Direct Observation of Large Flexoelectric Bending at the Nanoscale in Lanthanide Scandates
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the flexoelectric effect, since at the nanoscale it is predicted to be very large. However, there have been no direct observations of flexoelectric bending consistent with current theoretical work that implies strains comparable to or exceeding the yield strains of typical materials. In this work, we show a direct observation of extraordinarily large, two-dimensional reversible bending at the nanoscale in dysprosium scandate due to the converse flexoelectric effect, with similar results for terbium and gadolinium scandate. Within a transmission electron microscope, thin features bend up to 90° with radii of curvature of about 1 μm, corresponding to very large nominal strains. Analysis including independent experimental determination of the flexoelectric coefficient is semiquantitatively consistent with interpreting the results as due to flexoelectricity. These results experimentally demonstrate large flexoelectric bending at the nanoscale.
- Authors:
-
[1];
- Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1469325
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-01ER45945
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nano Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1530-6984
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; Flexoelectricity; in situ; lanthanide scandates; transmission electron microscopy
Citation Formats
Koirala, Pratik, Mizzi, Christopher A., and Marks, Laurence D. Direct Observation of Large Flexoelectric Bending at the Nanoscale in Lanthanide Scandates. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01126.
Koirala, Pratik, Mizzi, Christopher A., & Marks, Laurence D. Direct Observation of Large Flexoelectric Bending at the Nanoscale in Lanthanide Scandates. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01126
Koirala, Pratik, Mizzi, Christopher A., and Marks, Laurence D. Mon .
"Direct Observation of Large Flexoelectric Bending at the Nanoscale in Lanthanide Scandates". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01126. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1469325.
@article{osti_1469325,
title = {Direct Observation of Large Flexoelectric Bending at the Nanoscale in Lanthanide Scandates},
author = {Koirala, Pratik and Mizzi, Christopher A. and Marks, Laurence D.},
abstractNote = {There is a growing interest in the flexoelectric effect, since at the nanoscale it is predicted to be very large. However, there have been no direct observations of flexoelectric bending consistent with current theoretical work that implies strains comparable to or exceeding the yield strains of typical materials. In this work, we show a direct observation of extraordinarily large, two-dimensional reversible bending at the nanoscale in dysprosium scandate due to the converse flexoelectric effect, with similar results for terbium and gadolinium scandate. Within a transmission electron microscope, thin features bend up to 90° with radii of curvature of about 1 μm, corresponding to very large nominal strains. Analysis including independent experimental determination of the flexoelectric coefficient is semiquantitatively consistent with interpreting the results as due to flexoelectricity. These results experimentally demonstrate large flexoelectric bending at the nanoscale.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01126},
journal = {Nano Letters},
number = 6,
volume = 18,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon May 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon May 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Does Flexoelectricity Drive Triboelectricity?
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