In situ decay of polyfluorinated benzoic acids under anaerobic conditions

Paradis, Charles J.; Moon, Ji-Won; Elias, Dwayne A.; McKay, Larry D.; Hazen, Terry C.

doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.08.009

Title: In situ decay of polyfluorinated benzoic acids under anaerobic conditions

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Abstract

© 2018 The Authors Polyfluorinated benzoic acids (PBAs) can be used as non-reactive tracers to characterize reactive mass transport mechanisms in groundwater. The use of PBAs as non-reactive tracers assumes that their reactivities are negligible. If this assumption is not valid, PBAs may not be appropriate to use as non-reactive tracers. In this study, the reactivity of two PBAs, 2,6-difluorobenzoic acid (2,6-DFBA) and pentafluorobenzoic acid (PFBA), was tested in situ. A series of two single-well push-pull tests were conducted in two hydrogeologically similar, yet spatially distinct, groundwater monitoring wells. Bromide, 2,6-DFBA, and PFBA were added to the injection fluid and periodically measured in the extraction fluid along with chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and fluoride. Linear regression of the dilution-adjusted breakthrough curves of both PBAs indicated zero-order decay accompanied by nitrate and subsequent sulfate removal. The dilution-adjusted breakthrough curves of chloride, a non-reactive halide similar to bromide, showed no evidence of reactivity. These results strongly suggested that biodegradation of both PBAs occurred under anaerobic conditions. The results of this study implied that PBAs may not be appropriate to use as non-reactive tracers in certain hydrogeologic settings, presumably those where they can serve as carbon and/or electron donors to stimulate microbial activity. Futuremore »« less

Authors:

Paradis, Charles J.; Moon, Ji-Won; Elias, Dwayne A.; McKay, Larry D.;

Publication Date:: 2018-10-01

Research Org.:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); Geological Society of America

OSTI Identifier:: 1468668

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1479446; OSTI ID: 1479741

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC05-00OR22725; 11472-16

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology Journal Volume: 217 Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0169-7722

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: Netherlands

Language:: English

Subject:: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; tracer; fluorobenzoic acid; biodegradation; anaerobic

Citation Formats


                    Paradis, Charles J., Moon, Ji-Won, Elias, Dwayne A., McKay, Larry D., and Hazen, Terry C. In situ decay of polyfluorinated benzoic acids under anaerobic conditions.  Netherlands: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.08.009.

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                    Paradis, Charles J., Moon, Ji-Won, Elias, Dwayne A., McKay, Larry D., & Hazen, Terry C. In situ decay of polyfluorinated benzoic acids under anaerobic conditions.  Netherlands.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.08.009

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                    Paradis, Charles J., Moon, Ji-Won, Elias, Dwayne A., McKay, Larry D., and Hazen, Terry C. Mon .  
"In situ decay of polyfluorinated benzoic acids under anaerobic conditions".  Netherlands.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.08.009.

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@article{osti_1468668,

  title        = {In situ decay of polyfluorinated benzoic acids under anaerobic conditions},

  author       = {Paradis, Charles J. and Moon, Ji-Won and Elias, Dwayne A. and McKay, Larry D. and Hazen, Terry C.},

  abstractNote = {© 2018 The Authors Polyfluorinated benzoic acids (PBAs) can be used as non-reactive tracers to characterize reactive mass transport mechanisms in groundwater. The use of PBAs as non-reactive tracers assumes that their reactivities are negligible. If this assumption is not valid, PBAs may not be appropriate to use as non-reactive tracers. In this study, the reactivity of two PBAs, 2,6-difluorobenzoic acid (2,6-DFBA) and pentafluorobenzoic acid (PFBA), was tested in situ. A series of two single-well push-pull tests were conducted in two hydrogeologically similar, yet spatially distinct, groundwater monitoring wells. Bromide, 2,6-DFBA, and PFBA were added to the injection fluid and periodically measured in the extraction fluid along with chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and fluoride. Linear regression of the dilution-adjusted breakthrough curves of both PBAs indicated zero-order decay accompanied by nitrate and subsequent sulfate removal. The dilution-adjusted breakthrough curves of chloride, a non-reactive halide similar to bromide, showed no evidence of reactivity. These results strongly suggested that biodegradation of both PBAs occurred under anaerobic conditions. The results of this study implied that PBAs may not be appropriate to use as non-reactive tracers in certain hydrogeologic settings, presumably those where they can serve as carbon and/or electron donors to stimulate microbial activity. Future studies would benefit from using ring-14C-labeled PBAs to determine the fate of carbon combined with microbial analyses to characterize the PBA-degrading members of the microbial community.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.08.009},

  journal      = {Journal of Contaminant Hydrology},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 217,

  place        = {Netherlands},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {10}

}

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