Cyber–Physical Correlation Effects in Defense Games for Large Discrete Infrastructures
Abstract
In certain critical infrastructures, correlations between cyber and physical components can be exploited to launch strategic attacks, so that disruptions to one component may affect others and possibly the entire infrastructure. Such correlations must be explicitly taken into account in ensuring the survival of the infrastructure. For large discrete infrastructures characterized by the number of cyber and physical components, we characterize the cyber–physical interactions at two levels: (i) the cyber–physical failure correlation function specifies the conditional survival probability of the cyber sub-infrastructure given that of the physical sub-infrastructure (both specified by their marginal probabilities), and (ii) individual survival probabilities of both sub-infrastructures are characterized by first-order differential conditions expressed in terms of their multiplier functions. We formulate an abstract problem of ensuring the survival probability of a cyber–physical infrastructure with discrete components as a game between the provider and attacker, whose utility functions are composed of infrastructure survival probability terms and cost terms, both expressed in terms of the number of components attacked and reinforced. We derive Nash equilibrium conditions and sensitivity functions that highlight the dependence of infrastructure survival probability on cost terms, correlation functions, multiplier functions, and sub-infrastructure survival probabilities. We apply these analytical results to characterize themore »
- Authors:
-
[5]
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Hang Seng Management College, Hong Kong (China)
- Texas A & M Univ., Kingsville, TX (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
- Singapore Univ. of Technology and Design (Singapore). Dept. of Computer Science
- Univ. at Buffalo, NY (United States). Dept. of Industrial and Systems Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); USDOD
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1468123
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Games
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2073-4336
- Publisher:
- MDPI
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING; networked systems; cyber-physical infrastructures; aggregated correlations functions; sum-form, product-form, and composite utility functions
Citation Formats
Rao, Nageswara, Ma, Chris, He, Fei, Yau, David, and Zhuang, Jun. Cyber–Physical Correlation Effects in Defense Games for Large Discrete Infrastructures. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.3390/g9030052.
Rao, Nageswara, Ma, Chris, He, Fei, Yau, David, & Zhuang, Jun. Cyber–Physical Correlation Effects in Defense Games for Large Discrete Infrastructures. United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/g9030052
Rao, Nageswara, Ma, Chris, He, Fei, Yau, David, and Zhuang, Jun. Mon .
"Cyber–Physical Correlation Effects in Defense Games for Large Discrete Infrastructures". United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/g9030052. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1468123.
@article{osti_1468123,
title = {Cyber–Physical Correlation Effects in Defense Games for Large Discrete Infrastructures},
author = {Rao, Nageswara and Ma, Chris and He, Fei and Yau, David and Zhuang, Jun},
abstractNote = {In certain critical infrastructures, correlations between cyber and physical components can be exploited to launch strategic attacks, so that disruptions to one component may affect others and possibly the entire infrastructure. Such correlations must be explicitly taken into account in ensuring the survival of the infrastructure. For large discrete infrastructures characterized by the number of cyber and physical components, we characterize the cyber–physical interactions at two levels: (i) the cyber–physical failure correlation function specifies the conditional survival probability of the cyber sub-infrastructure given that of the physical sub-infrastructure (both specified by their marginal probabilities), and (ii) individual survival probabilities of both sub-infrastructures are characterized by first-order differential conditions expressed in terms of their multiplier functions. We formulate an abstract problem of ensuring the survival probability of a cyber–physical infrastructure with discrete components as a game between the provider and attacker, whose utility functions are composed of infrastructure survival probability terms and cost terms, both expressed in terms of the number of components attacked and reinforced. We derive Nash equilibrium conditions and sensitivity functions that highlight the dependence of infrastructure survival probability on cost terms, correlation functions, multiplier functions, and sub-infrastructure survival probabilities. We apply these analytical results to characterize the defense postures of simplified models of metro systems, cloud computing infrastructures, and smart power grids.},
doi = {10.3390/g9030052},
journal = {Games},
number = 3,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jul 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon Jul 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Robust Allocation of a Defensive Budget Considering an Attacker's Private Information: Robust Allocation of a Defensive Budget
journal, November 2011
- Nikoofal, Mohammad E.; Zhuang, Jun
- Risk Analysis, Vol. 32, Issue 5
Hybrid defensive resource allocations in the face of partially strategic attackers in a sequential defender–attacker game
journal, July 2013
- Shan, Xiaojun; Zhuang, Jun
- European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 228, Issue 1
Smart attacks in smart grid communication networks
journal, August 2012
- Chen, Pin-Yu; Cheng, Shin-Ming; Chen, Kwang-Cheng
- IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 50, Issue 8
Critical infrastructure protection under imperfect attacker perception
journal, May 2010
- Jenelius, Erik; Westin, Jonas; Holmgren, Åke J.
- International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Defense of Cyber Infrastructures Against Cyber-Physical Attacks Using Game-Theoretic Models: Defense of Cyber Infrastructures Against Cyber-Physical Attacks
journal, February 2015
- Rao, Nageswara S. V.; Poole, Stephen W.; Ma, Chris Y. T.
- Risk Analysis, Vol. 36, Issue 4
Game theory meets network security and privacy
journal, June 2013
- Manshaei, Mohammad Hossein; Zhu, Quanyan; Alpcan, Tansu
- ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 45, Issue 3
Markov Game Analysis for Attack-Defense of Power Networks Under Possible Misinformation
journal, May 2013
- Ma, Chris Y. T.; Yau, David K. Y.; Lou, Xin
- IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 28, Issue 2
A bilevel mixed-integer program for critical infrastructure protection planning
journal, June 2008
- Scaparra, Maria P.; Church, Richard L.
- Computers & Operations Research, Vol. 35, Issue 6
Defense Strategies for Asymmetric Networked Systems with Discrete Components
journal, May 2018
- Rao, Nageswara; Ma, Chris; Hausken, Kjell
- Sensors, Vol. 18, Issue 5
A Game-Theoretical Scheme in the Smart Grid With Demand-Side Management: Towards a Smart Cyber-Physical Power Infrastructure
journal, June 2013
- Bu, Shengrong; Yu, F. Richard
- IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Scalable Solutions of Markov Games for Smart-Grid Infrastructure Protection
journal, March 2013
- Ma, Chris Y. T.; Yau, David K. Y.; Rao, Nageswara S. V.
- IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 4, Issue 1
An Integrated Cyber Security Risk Management Approach for a Cyber-Physical System
journal, May 2018
- Kure, Halima; Islam, Shareeful; Razzaque, Mohammad
- Applied Sciences, Vol. 8, Issue 6
Modelling ‘contracts’ between a terrorist group and a government in a sequential game
journal, June 2012
- He, F.; Zhuang, J.
- Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 63, Issue 6
Cost of Equity in Homeland Security Resource Allocation in the Face of a Strategic Attacker: Cost of Equity in Homeland Security Resource Allocation
journal, December 2012
- Shan, Xiaojun; Zhuang, Jun
- Risk Analysis, Vol. 33, Issue 6
Cyber–Physical Security of a Smart Grid Infrastructure
journal, January 2012
- Yilin Mo, ; Kim, Tiffany Hyun-Jin; Brancik, K.
- Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 100, Issue 1
Technology Adoption, Accumulation, and Competition in Multiperiod Attacker-Defender Games
journal, September 2013
- Jose, Victor Richmond R.; Zhuang, Jun
- Military Operations Research, Vol. 18, Issue 3
Defending Critical Infrastructure
journal, December 2006
- Brown, Gerald; Carlyle, Matthew; Salmerón, Javier
- Interfaces, Vol. 36, Issue 6
Cyber-Physical Security Testbeds: Architecture, Application, and Evaluation for Smart Grid
journal, June 2013
- Hahn, Adam; Ashok, Aditya; Sridhar, Siddharth
- IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 4, Issue 2
Terrorism & Game Theory
journal, September 2003
- Sandler, Todd; M., Daniel G. Arce
- Simulation & Gaming, Vol. 34, Issue 3
Strategic defense and attack of series systems when agents move sequentially
journal, April 2011
- Hausken, Kjell
- IIE Transactions, Vol. 43, Issue 7
Cyber-Physical Systems in the SmartGrid
conference, July 2011
- Karnouskos, Stamatis
- 2011 9th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)
Works referencing / citing this record:
Discrete game-theoretic analysis of defense in correlated cyber-physical systems
journal, September 2019
- He, Fei; Zhuang, Jun; Rao, Nageswara S. V.
- Annals of Operations Research, Vol. 294, Issue 1-2
Formation of Stable and Efficient Social Storage Cloud
journal, November 2019
- Mane, Pramod C.; Krishnamurthy, Nagarajan; Ahuja, Kapil
- Games, Vol. 10, Issue 4