Search Menu
DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Search Scholarly Publications

Title: Quantitative Analysis of Ultralow-Density Materials Using Laboratory-Based Quasi-Monochromatic Radiography

Abstract

The measurement of the density of materials, especially ultralow-density foams, is difficult in that the measurement must be precise and localizable. The density of the material is often governed by its cellular (i.e., porous) structure, and many techniques exist to create that structure. Often, the cellular structure can vary from one location within the material to another, and when at low densities (i.e., densities lower than ~500 mg/cm3), it can vary due to shrinkage during syneresis, collapse under the weight of gravity, or gas/water vapor uptake. Quantifying this variation is important for a variety of applications, especially when used in plasma physics targets. Knowing the density and its variation across the sample is critical for experimental results to be accurately predicted by physics calculations and for modeling the results of the physics targets. The use of quasi-monochromatic radiography provides a means to image the two-dimensional (2-D) distribution of density variation within silica aerogel materials and to quantitatively measure that variation from sample to sample and lot to lot. For this work, two batches of silica aerogels with targeted densities of ~20 mg/cm3 were created, one batch at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and the other batch at Los Alamos National Laboratory.more » Outlined here is a quasi-monochromatic radiography system using various X-ray sources coupled to a doubly curved crystal optic and X-ray charge-coupled device camera to image and characterize these materials. It was found that measuring the density both gravimetrically and using quasi-monochromatic radiography were statistically identical, although the two batches were found to be slightly higher than their targeted density due to shrinkage. The radiography system also provided 2-D information as to the aerogel quality, i.e., presence of voids, chipped material, or inclusions.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [2]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  2. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
OSTI Identifier:
1525751
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1467269
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-754514; LA-UR-17-24939
Journal ID: ISSN 1536-1055; 941281
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344; AC52-06NA25396
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Fusion Science and Technology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 73; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1536-1055
Publisher:
American Nuclear Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Silica aerogel; quasi-monochromatic radiography; density measurement

Citation Formats

Patterson, Brian M., Sain, John, Seugling, Richard, Santiago-Cordoba, Miguel, Goodwin, Lynne, Oertel, John, Cowan, Joseph, Hamilton, Christopher E., Cordes, Nikolaus L., Gammon, Stuart A., and Baumann, Theodore F. Quantitative Analysis of Ultralow-Density Materials Using Laboratory-Based Quasi-Monochromatic Radiography. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1080/15361055.2017.1364923.
Copy to clipboard
Patterson, Brian M., Sain, John, Seugling, Richard, Santiago-Cordoba, Miguel, Goodwin, Lynne, Oertel, John, Cowan, Joseph, Hamilton, Christopher E., Cordes, Nikolaus L., Gammon, Stuart A., & Baumann, Theodore F. Quantitative Analysis of Ultralow-Density Materials Using Laboratory-Based Quasi-Monochromatic Radiography. United States. https://doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1364923
Copy to clipboard
Patterson, Brian M., Sain, John, Seugling, Richard, Santiago-Cordoba, Miguel, Goodwin, Lynne, Oertel, John, Cowan, Joseph, Hamilton, Christopher E., Cordes, Nikolaus L., Gammon, Stuart A., and Baumann, Theodore F. Mon . "Quantitative Analysis of Ultralow-Density Materials Using Laboratory-Based Quasi-Monochromatic Radiography". United States. https://doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1364923. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1525751.
Copy to clipboard
@article{osti_1525751,
title = {Quantitative Analysis of Ultralow-Density Materials Using Laboratory-Based Quasi-Monochromatic Radiography},
author = {Patterson, Brian M. and Sain, John and Seugling, Richard and Santiago-Cordoba, Miguel and Goodwin, Lynne and Oertel, John and Cowan, Joseph and Hamilton, Christopher E. and Cordes, Nikolaus L. and Gammon, Stuart A. and Baumann, Theodore F.},
abstractNote = {The measurement of the density of materials, especially ultralow-density foams, is difficult in that the measurement must be precise and localizable. The density of the material is often governed by its cellular (i.e., porous) structure, and many techniques exist to create that structure. Often, the cellular structure can vary from one location within the material to another, and when at low densities (i.e., densities lower than ~500 mg/cm3), it can vary due to shrinkage during syneresis, collapse under the weight of gravity, or gas/water vapor uptake. Quantifying this variation is important for a variety of applications, especially when used in plasma physics targets. Knowing the density and its variation across the sample is critical for experimental results to be accurately predicted by physics calculations and for modeling the results of the physics targets. The use of quasi-monochromatic radiography provides a means to image the two-dimensional (2-D) distribution of density variation within silica aerogel materials and to quantitatively measure that variation from sample to sample and lot to lot. For this work, two batches of silica aerogels with targeted densities of ~20 mg/cm3 were created, one batch at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and the other batch at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Outlined here is a quasi-monochromatic radiography system using various X-ray sources coupled to a doubly curved crystal optic and X-ray charge-coupled device camera to image and characterize these materials. It was found that measuring the density both gravimetrically and using quasi-monochromatic radiography were statistically identical, although the two batches were found to be slightly higher than their targeted density due to shrinkage. The radiography system also provided 2-D information as to the aerogel quality, i.e., presence of voids, chipped material, or inclusions.},
doi = {10.1080/15361055.2017.1364923},
journal = {Fusion Science and Technology},
number = 2,
volume = 73,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Mon Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
Copy to clipboard
Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1364923
Copyright Statement
Other availability
Search WorldCat Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 1 work
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Photograph of DCS instrument. The X-ray source is the gray box on top. The source is mounted at an angle so that the X-rays, as they pass down the cylinder, are vertical. For the different X-ray energies, the angle is different. The sample door is seen as themore » clear plastic disk in the center of the image. The camera is hanging from the flat plate underneath (not visible in the image). The gray box on the tabletop is the X-ray controller and high-voltage power supply. The images are recorded on a laptop computer.« less
All figures and tables (10 total)
Save / Share:
Export Metadata
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.

Works referenced in this record:

Observation of Shrinkage of Silica Aerogel during Capillary Condensation of 4He
journal, June 2007

Manufacturing Complex Silica Aerogel Target Components
journal, May 2009

  • Obrey, Kimberly A. DeFriend; Day, Robert D.; Hatch, Doug
  • Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 55, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.13182/FST55-4-490

Aerographite: Ultra Lightweight, Flexible Nanowall, Carbon Microtube Material with Outstanding Mechanical Performance
journal, June 2012

  • Mecklenburg, Matthias; Schuchardt, Arnim; Mishra, Yogendra Kumar
  • Advanced Materials, Vol. 24, Issue 26
  • DOI: 10.1002/adma.201200491

Granulated Activated Carbon Modified with Hydrophobic Silica Aerogel-Potential Composite Materials for the Removal of Uranium from Aqueous Solutions
journal, May 2003

  • Coleman, Sabre J.; Coronado, Paul R.; Maxwell, Robert S.
  • Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 37, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1021/es020929e

Three-dimensional structures and elemental distributions of Stardust impact tracks using synchrotron microtomography and X-ray fluorescence analysis
journal, August 2009

Aerogel applications
journal, April 1998

Irreversible volume shrinkage of silica aerogels under isostatic pressure
journal, February 1996

Incorporation of Tracer Elements Within Aerogels and CH Foams
journal, January 2011

  • Hamilton, Christopher E.; Honnell, Diana; Patterson, Brian M.
  • Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 59, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.13182/FST59-194

Templating Silica Aerogel with Polystyrene to Improve Their Mechanical Properties
journal, May 2007

  • DeFriend, Kimberly A.; Espinoza, Brent; Patterson, Brian
  • Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 51, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.13182/FST07-A1466

Static characterization of aerogel targets for high energy density physics using x-ray radiography
journal, October 2004

  • Keiter, Paul A.; Kyrala, George A.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 75, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.1789260

X-ray radiographic technique for measuring density uniformity of silica aerogel
journal, January 2013

  • Tabata, Makoto; Hatakeyama, Yoshikiyo; Adachi, Ichiro
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 697
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2012.09.001

A monochromatic x-ray imaging system for characterizing low-density foams
journal, October 2012

  • Lanier, N. E.; Hamilton, C.; Taccetti, J. M.
  • Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4732183

Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis
journal, June 2012

  • Schindelin, Johannes; Arganda-Carreras, Ignacio; Frise, Erwin
  • Nature Methods, Vol. 9, Issue 7
  • DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2019
    Sort by:
    [ × clear filter / sort ]

    Figures / Tables found in this record:

    Fig. 1 (p. 5)figure
    Fig. 2 (p. 6)figure
    Fig. 3 (p. 8)figure
    Fig. 4 (p. 9)figure
    Fig. 5 (p. 10)figure
    Fig. 6 (p. 11)figure
    Fig. 7 (p. 12)figure
    Fig. 8 (p. 12)figure
    Fig. 9 (p. 13)figure
    Table 1 (p. 13)table
      [ × clear filter / sort ]
      Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

      Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections: