Graphene metamaterial modulator for free-space thermal radiation

Fan, Kebin; Suen, Jonathan; Wu, Xueyuan; Padilla, Willie J.

doi:10.1364/OE.24.025189

Title: Graphene metamaterial modulator for free-space thermal radiation

Abstract

We proposed and demonstrated a new metamaterial architecture capable of high speed modulation of free-space space thermal infrared radiation using graphene. Our design completely eliminates channel resistance, thereby maximizing the electrostatic modulation speed, while at the same time effectively modulating infrared radiation. Experiment results verify that our device with area of 100 × 120 µm² can achieve a modulation speed as high as 2.6 GHz. We further highlight the utility of our graphene metamaterial modulator by reconstructing a fast infrared signal using an equivalent time sampling technique. The graphene metamaterial modulator demonstrated here is not only limited to the thermal infrared, but may be scaled to longer infrared and terahertz wavelengths. Our work provides a path forward for realization of frequency selective and all-electronic high speed devices for infrared applications.

Authors:

Fan, Kebin ^[1]; Suen, Jonathan ^[1]; Wu, Xueyuan ^[2]; Padilla, Willie J. ^[1]

Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics

Publication Date:: Wed Oct 19 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Office of Naval Research (ONR) (United States); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1467067

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0014372; N00014-15-1-0051; ECCS-1542015

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Optics Express

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 24; Journal Issue: 22; Journal ID: ISSN 1094-4087

Publisher:: Optical Society of America (OSA)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; invisibility cloaks; liquid crystals; metamaterial absorbers; metamaterial devices; modulation techniques; scanning electron microscopy

Citation Formats


                    Fan, Kebin, Suen, Jonathan, Wu, Xueyuan, and Padilla, Willie J. Graphene metamaterial modulator for free-space thermal radiation.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1364/OE.24.025189.

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                    Fan, Kebin, Suen, Jonathan, Wu, Xueyuan, & Padilla, Willie J. Graphene metamaterial modulator for free-space thermal radiation.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.025189

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                    Fan, Kebin, Suen, Jonathan, Wu, Xueyuan, and Padilla, Willie J. Wed .  
"Graphene metamaterial modulator for free-space thermal radiation".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.025189.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1467067.

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@article{osti_1467067,

  title        = {Graphene metamaterial modulator for free-space thermal radiation},

  author       = {Fan, Kebin and Suen, Jonathan and Wu, Xueyuan and Padilla, Willie J.},

  abstractNote = {We proposed and demonstrated a new metamaterial architecture capable of high speed modulation of free-space space thermal infrared radiation using graphene. Our design completely eliminates channel resistance, thereby maximizing the electrostatic modulation speed, while at the same time effectively modulating infrared radiation. Experiment results verify that our device with area of 100 × 120 µm2 can achieve a modulation speed as high as 2.6 GHz. We further highlight the utility of our graphene metamaterial modulator by reconstructing a fast infrared signal using an equivalent time sampling technique. The graphene metamaterial modulator demonstrated here is not only limited to the thermal infrared, but may be scaled to longer infrared and terahertz wavelengths. Our work provides a path forward for realization of frequency selective and all-electronic high speed devices for infrared applications.},

  doi          = {10.1364/OE.24.025189},

  journal      = {Optics Express},

  number       = 22,

  volume       = 24,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Oct 19 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Wed Oct 19 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

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Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.025189

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Cited by: 21 works

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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1: (a) Schematic of the tunable metamaterial absorber with metamaterial structures patterned on single layer graphene. Spectral tuning is achieved by gating the graphene via applying voltage between metamaterial layer and metallic ground plane. (b) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the patterned metamaterial on graphene by electron beammore »

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Works referencing / citing this record:

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Title: Graphene metamaterial modulator for free-space thermal radiation

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Far-Field Optical Hyperlens Magnifying Sub-Diffraction-Limited Objects journal, March 2007

High speed terahertz modulation from metamaterials with embedded high electron mobility transistors journal, January 2011

Broadband Ground-Plane Cloak journal, January 2009

Realization of a high mobility dual-gated graphene field-effect transistor with Al2O3 dielectric journal, February 2009

Polarization modulation by tunable electromagnetic metamaterial reflector/absorber journal, January 2010

Switching terahertz waves with gate-controlled active graphene metamaterials journal, September 2012

Mid-infrared optical properties of thin films of aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum nitride, and silicon nitride journal, January 2012

A self-consistent theory for graphene transport journal, November 2007

Tunable Meta-Liquid Crystals journal, December 2015

Liquid Crystal Tunable Metamaterial Absorber journal, April 2013

Hysteresis of Electronic Transport in Graphene Transistors journal, November 2010

Optical far-infrared properties of a graphene monolayer and multilayer journal, October 2007

New, directly digital automatic titration apparatus journal, August 1972

Drude conductivity of Dirac fermions in graphene journal, April 2011

Contact resistance in top-gated graphene field-effect transistors journal, July 2011

Sub-Diffraction-Limited Optical Imaging with a Silver Superlens journal, April 2005

Highly Strained Compliant Optical Metamaterials with Large Frequency Tunability journal, October 2010

Thermochromic Infrared Metamaterials journal, November 2015

Toward Clean and Crackless Transfer of Graphene journal, October 2011

Dynamic Manipulation of Infrared Radiation with MEMS Metamaterials journal, June 2013

Experimental Verification of a Negative Index of Refraction journal, April 2001

Contact resistivity and current flow path at metal/graphene contact journal, October 2010

Photoinduced handedness switching in terahertz chiral metamolecules journal, January 2012

Experimental demonstration of frequency-agile terahertz metamaterials journal, April 2008

Reconfigurable Terahertz Metamaterials journal, October 2009

Optically Tunable Terahertz Metamaterials on Highly Flexible Substrates journal, November 2013

Memory Metamaterials journal, August 2009

A metamaterial solid-state terahertz phase modulator journal, February 2009

Three-dimensional broadband tunable terahertz metamaterials journal, April 2013

Polarization dependent state to polarization independent state change in THz metamaterials journal, November 2011

Low contact resistance metals for graphene based devices journal, April 2012

Three-Dimensional Invisibility Cloak at Optical Wavelengths journal, March 2010

Three-dimensional optical metamaterial with a negative refractive index journal, August 2008

Active terahertz metamaterial devices journal, November 2006

Impact of Graphene Interface Quality on Contact Resistance and RF Device Performance journal, August 2011

A self-consistent theory for graphene transport text, January 2007

Optical far-infrared properties of graphene monolayer and multilayers text, January 2007

Memory Metamaterials text, January 2010

Drude Conductivity of Dirac Fermions in Graphene text, January 2010

Contact resistivity and current flow path at metal/graphene contact text, January 2010

Polarization modulation by tunable electromagnetic metamaterial reflector/absorber text, January 2010

Hysteresis of Electronic Transport in Graphene Transistors text, January 2010

Three Dimensional Broadband Tunable Terahertz Metamaterials text, January 2013

Hybrid graphene metasurfaces for high-speed mid-infrared light modulation and single-pixel imaging journal, August 2018

Integrating microsystems with metamaterials towards metadevices journal, January 2019

Real-time tunable phase response and group delay in broadside coupled split-ring resonators journal, June 2019

Integrating Microsystems with Metamaterials Towards Metadevices conference, June 2019

Integrating Microsystems with Metamaterials Towards Metadevices conference, June 2019

Far-Field Optical Hyperlens Magnifying Sub-Diffraction-Limited Objects
journal, March 2007

High speed terahertz modulation from metamaterials with embedded high electron mobility transistors
journal, January 2011

Broadband Ground-Plane Cloak
journal, January 2009

Realization of a high mobility dual-gated graphene field-effect transistor with Al2O3 dielectric
journal, February 2009

Polarization modulation by tunable electromagnetic metamaterial reflector/absorber
journal, January 2010

Switching terahertz waves with gate-controlled active graphene metamaterials
journal, September 2012

Mid-infrared optical properties of thin films of aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum nitride, and silicon nitride
journal, January 2012

A self-consistent theory for graphene transport
journal, November 2007

Tunable Meta-Liquid Crystals
journal, December 2015

Liquid Crystal Tunable Metamaterial Absorber
journal, April 2013

Hysteresis of Electronic Transport in Graphene Transistors
journal, November 2010

Optical far-infrared properties of a graphene monolayer and multilayer
journal, October 2007

New, directly digital automatic titration apparatus
journal, August 1972

Drude conductivity of Dirac fermions in graphene
journal, April 2011

Contact resistance in top-gated graphene field-effect transistors
journal, July 2011

Sub-Diffraction-Limited Optical Imaging with a Silver Superlens
journal, April 2005

Highly Strained Compliant Optical Metamaterials with Large Frequency Tunability
journal, October 2010

Thermochromic Infrared Metamaterials
journal, November 2015

Toward Clean and Crackless Transfer of Graphene
journal, October 2011

Dynamic Manipulation of Infrared Radiation with MEMS Metamaterials
journal, June 2013

Experimental Verification of a Negative Index of Refraction
journal, April 2001

Contact resistivity and current flow path at metal/graphene contact
journal, October 2010

Photoinduced handedness switching in terahertz chiral metamolecules
journal, January 2012

Experimental demonstration of frequency-agile terahertz metamaterials
journal, April 2008

Reconfigurable Terahertz Metamaterials
journal, October 2009

Optically Tunable Terahertz Metamaterials on Highly Flexible Substrates
journal, November 2013

Memory Metamaterials
journal, August 2009

A metamaterial solid-state terahertz phase modulator
journal, February 2009

Three-dimensional broadband tunable terahertz metamaterials
journal, April 2013

Polarization dependent state to polarization independent state change in THz metamaterials
journal, November 2011

Low contact resistance metals for graphene based devices
journal, April 2012

Three-Dimensional Invisibility Cloak at Optical Wavelengths
journal, March 2010

Three-dimensional optical metamaterial with a negative refractive index
journal, August 2008

Active terahertz metamaterial devices
journal, November 2006

Impact of Graphene Interface Quality on Contact Resistance and RF Device Performance
journal, August 2011

A self-consistent theory for graphene transport
text, January 2007

Optical far-infrared properties of graphene monolayer and multilayers
text, January 2007

Memory Metamaterials
text, January 2010

Drude Conductivity of Dirac Fermions in Graphene
text, January 2010

Contact resistivity and current flow path at metal/graphene contact
text, January 2010

Polarization modulation by tunable electromagnetic metamaterial reflector/absorber
text, January 2010

Hysteresis of Electronic Transport in Graphene Transistors
text, January 2010

Three Dimensional Broadband Tunable Terahertz Metamaterials
text, January 2013

Hybrid graphene metasurfaces for high-speed mid-infrared light modulation and single-pixel imaging
journal, August 2018

Integrating microsystems with metamaterials towards metadevices
journal, January 2019

Real-time tunable phase response and group delay in broadside coupled split-ring resonators
journal, June 2019

Integrating Microsystems with Metamaterials Towards Metadevices
conference, June 2019

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conference, June 2019