Measurement of temperature and density using non-collective X-ray Thomson scattering in pulsed power produced warm dense plasmas
Abstract
We present the first experimental measurement of temperature and density of a warm dense plasma produced by a pulsed power driver at the Nevada Terawatt Facility (NTF). In the early phases of discharge, most of the mass remains in the core, and it has been challenging to diagnose with traditional methods, e.g. optical probing, because of the high density and low temperature. Accurate knowledge of the transport coefficients as well as the thermodynamic state of the plasma is important to precisely test or develop theoretical models. Here, we have used spectrally resolved non-collective X-ray Thomson scattering to characterize the dense core region. We used a graphite load driven by the Zebra current generator (0.6 MA in 200 ns rise time) and the Ti He-α line produced by irradiating a Ti target with the Leopard laser (30 J, 0.8 ns) as an X-ray probing source. Using this configuration, we obtained a signal-to-noise ratio ~2.5 for the scattered signal. Finally, by fitting the experimental data with predicted spectra, we measured T = 2±1.9 eV, ρ = 0.6±0.5 gr/cc, 70 ns into the current pulse. The complexity of the dense core is revealed by the electrons in the dense core that are foundmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
- Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Center for Energy Research
- Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics
- Univ. of Nevada, Reno, NV (United States). Nevada Terawatt Facility, Dept. of Physics
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1466942
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-755378
Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322; 942273
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; NA0001995; LFR-17-449059; EP/M022331; EP/N014472/1
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Scientific Reports
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
Citation Formats
Valenzuela, J. C., Krauland, C., Mariscal, D., Krasheninnikov, I., Niemann, C., Ma, T., Mabey, P., Gregori, G., Wiewior, P., Covington, A. M., and Beg, F. N. Measurement of temperature and density using non-collective X-ray Thomson scattering in pulsed power produced warm dense plasmas. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26608-w.
Valenzuela, J. C., Krauland, C., Mariscal, D., Krasheninnikov, I., Niemann, C., Ma, T., Mabey, P., Gregori, G., Wiewior, P., Covington, A. M., & Beg, F. N. Measurement of temperature and density using non-collective X-ray Thomson scattering in pulsed power produced warm dense plasmas. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26608-w
Valenzuela, J. C., Krauland, C., Mariscal, D., Krasheninnikov, I., Niemann, C., Ma, T., Mabey, P., Gregori, G., Wiewior, P., Covington, A. M., and Beg, F. N. Wed .
"Measurement of temperature and density using non-collective X-ray Thomson scattering in pulsed power produced warm dense plasmas". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26608-w. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1466942.
@article{osti_1466942,
title = {Measurement of temperature and density using non-collective X-ray Thomson scattering in pulsed power produced warm dense plasmas},
author = {Valenzuela, J. C. and Krauland, C. and Mariscal, D. and Krasheninnikov, I. and Niemann, C. and Ma, T. and Mabey, P. and Gregori, G. and Wiewior, P. and Covington, A. M. and Beg, F. N.},
abstractNote = {We present the first experimental measurement of temperature and density of a warm dense plasma produced by a pulsed power driver at the Nevada Terawatt Facility (NTF). In the early phases of discharge, most of the mass remains in the core, and it has been challenging to diagnose with traditional methods, e.g. optical probing, because of the high density and low temperature. Accurate knowledge of the transport coefficients as well as the thermodynamic state of the plasma is important to precisely test or develop theoretical models. Here, we have used spectrally resolved non-collective X-ray Thomson scattering to characterize the dense core region. We used a graphite load driven by the Zebra current generator (0.6 MA in 200 ns rise time) and the Ti He-α line produced by irradiating a Ti target with the Leopard laser (30 J, 0.8 ns) as an X-ray probing source. Using this configuration, we obtained a signal-to-noise ratio ~2.5 for the scattered signal. Finally, by fitting the experimental data with predicted spectra, we measured T = 2±1.9 eV, ρ = 0.6±0.5 gr/cc, 70 ns into the current pulse. The complexity of the dense core is revealed by the electrons in the dense core that are found to be degenerate and weakly coupled, while the ions remain highly coupled.},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-26608-w},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = 1,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {2018},
month = {5}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 2 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Observations of Plasmons in Warm Dense Matter
journal, February 2007
- Glenzer, S. H.; Landen, O. L.; Neumayer, P.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 6
Compton Scattering of X Rays from Bound Electrons
journal, August 1970
- Eisenberger, P.; Platzman, P. M.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 2, Issue 2
A new quotidian equation of state (QEOS) for hot dense matter
journal, January 1988
- More, R. M.; Warren, K. H.; Young, D. A.
- Physics of Fluids, Vol. 31, Issue 10
X-ray Thomson scattering in high energy density plasmas
journal, December 2009
- Glenzer, Siegfried H.; Redmer, Ronald
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 81, Issue 4
X-ray scattering by many-particle systems
journal, January 2013
- Crowley, B. J. B.; Gregori, G.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 1
Electrothermal instability growth in magnetically driven pulsed power liners
journal, September 2012
- Peterson, Kyle J.; Sinars, Daniel B.; Yu, Edmund P.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 9
Observations of strong ion-ion correlations in dense plasmas
journal, May 2014
- Ma, T.; Fletcher, L.; Pak, A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 5
Free-Electron X-Ray Laser Measurements of Collisional-Damped Plasmons in Isochorically Heated Warm Dense Matter
journal, September 2015
- Sperling, P.; Gamboa, E. J.; Lee, H. J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 11
Quantum theory of Thomson scattering
journal, December 2014
- Crowley, B. J. B.; Gregori, G.
- High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 13
Quenching of the Nonlocal Electron Heat Transport by Large External Magnetic Fields in a Laser-Produced Plasma Measured with Imaging Thomson Scattering
journal, March 2007
- Froula, D.; Ross, J.; Pollock, B.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 13
Demonstration of Spectrally Resolved X-Ray Scattering in Dense Plasmas
journal, May 2003
- Glenzer, S. H.; Gregori, G.; Lee, R. W.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 90, Issue 17
Spin-polarized electron liquid at arbitrary temperatures: Exchange-correlation energies, electron-distribution functions, and the static response functions
journal, December 2000
- Perrot, François; Dharma-wardana, M. W. C.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 62, Issue 24
Demonstration of space-resolved x-ray Thomson scattering capability for warm dense matter experiments on the Z accelerator
journal, March 2016
- Ao, T.; Harding, E. C.; Bailey, J. E.
- High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 18
Interaction of photons with plasmas and liquid metals - photoabsorption and scattering
journal, December 1999
- Chihara, Junzo
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 12, Issue 3
Derivation of the static structure factor in strongly coupled non-equilibrium plasmas for X-ray scattering studies
journal, May 2007
- Gregori, G.; Ravasio, A.; Höll, A.
- High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 1-2
Thermal instability during an electrical wire explosion
journal, September 2008
- Oreshkin, V. I.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, Issue 9
Real-space Green's function calculations of Compton profiles
journal, March 2012
- Mattern, Brian A.; Seidler, Gerald T.; Kas, Joshua J.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 85, Issue 11
Dense matter characterization by X-ray Thomson scattering
journal, October 2001
- Landen, O. L.; Glenzer, S. H.; Edwards, M. J.
- Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 71, Issue 2-6
Ultrabright X-ray laser scattering for dynamic warm dense matter physics
journal, March 2015
- Fletcher, L. B.; Lee, H. J.; Döppner, T.
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Progress toward x-ray Thomson scattering of warm dense matter on the Z accelerator
journal, May 2014
- Ao, T.; Harding, E. C.; Bailey, J. E.
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 500, Issue 8
Investigation of the transport properties of metals in the biphase region
journal, July 2010
- Oreshkin, V. I.; Rousskikh, A. G.; Chaikovsky, S. A.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 7
Theoretical model of x-ray scattering as a dense matter probe
journal, February 2003
- Gregori, G.; Glenzer, S. H.; Rozmus, W.
- Physical Review E, Vol. 67, Issue 2
X-ray Thomson scattering for measuring dense beryllium plasma collisionality
journal, August 2010
- Döppner, T.; Fortmann, C.; Davis, P. F.
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 244, Issue 3
Interaction of photons with plasmas and liquid metals: photoabsorption and scattering
text, January 1999
- Chihara, Junzo
- arXiv
Works referencing / citing this record:
Ab initio Path Integral Monte Carlo Results for the Dynamic Structure Factor of Correlated Electrons: From the Electron Liquid to Warm Dense Matter
journal, December 2018
- Dornheim, T.; Groth, S.; Vorberger, J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 25