Dense Graphene Monolith for High Volumetric Energy Density Li-S Batteries

Li, Huan; Tao, Ying; Zhang, Chen; Liu, Donghai; Luo, Jiayan; Fan, Weichao; Xu, Yue; Li, Youzhi; You, Conghui; Pan, Zheng -Ze; Ye, Mingchun; Chen, Zhengyu; Dong, Zhang; Wang, Da -Wei; Kang, Feiyu; Lu, Jun; Yang, Quan -Hong

doi:10.1002/aenm.201703438

Title: Dense Graphene Monolith for High Volumetric Energy Density Li-S Batteries

Journal Article · 11 March 2018 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201703438 · OSTI ID:1466311

Li, Huan ^[1]; Tao, Ying ^[1]; Zhang, Chen ^[1]; Liu, Donghai ^[1]; Luo, Jiayan ^[1]; Fan, Weichao ^[1]; Xu, Yue ^[1]; Li, Youzhi ^[1]; You, Conghui ^[2]; Pan, Zheng -Ze ^[2]; Ye, Mingchun ^[1]; Chen, Zhengyu ^[1]; Dong, Zhang ^[1]; Wang, Da -Wei ^[3]; Kang, Feiyu ^[2];

^[4]; Yang, Quan -Hong ^[5]

Tianjin Univ., Tianjin (China)
Tsinghua Univ., Shenzhen (China)
UNSW Australia (The Univ. of New South Wales), Sydney, NSW (Australia)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Tianjin Univ., Tianjin (China); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin (China)

Despite the outstanding gravimetric performance of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, their practical volumetric energy density is normally lower than that of lithium-ion batteries, mainly due to the low density of nanostructured sulfur as well as the porous carbon hosts. Here, a novel approach is developed to fabricate high-density graphene bulk materials with ink-bottle-like mesopores by phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) activation. These pores can effectively confine the polysulfides due to their unique structure with a wide body and narrow neck, which shows only a 0.05% capacity fade per cycle for 500 cycles (75% capacity retention) for accommodating polysulfides. With a density of 1.16 g cm^-3, a hybrid cathode containing 54 wt% sulfur delivers a high volumetric capacity of 653 mA h cm^-3. As a result, a device-level volumetric energy density as high as 408 W h L^-1 is achieved with a cathode thickness of 100 mu m. This is a periodic yet practical advance to improve the volumetric performance of Li-S batteries from a device perspective. Furthermore, this work suggests a design principle for the real use Li-S batteries although there is a long way ahead to bridge the gap between Li-S batteries and Li-ion batteries in volumetric performance.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1466311

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1425506

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Energy Materials Journal Issue: 18 Vol. 8; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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graphene monolith
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lithium-polysulfide batteries
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Title: Dense Graphene Monolith for High Volumetric Energy Density Li-S Batteries

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