Microphase-Separated Morphologies and Molecular Network Topologies in Multiblock Copolymer Gels
Abstract
Strong physical gels derived from thermoplastic elastomeric ABA triblock copolymers solvated with a midblock-selective oil continue to find use in increasingly diverse applications requiring highly elastic and mechanically robust soft materials with tunable properties. Here, in this study, we first investigate the morphological characteristics of thermoplastic elastomer gels (TPEGs) derived from a homologous series of linear A(BA)n multiblock copolymers composed of styrene and hydrogenated isoprene repeat units and possessing comparable molecular weight but varying in the number of B-blocks: 1 (triblock), 2 (pentablock), and 3 (heptablock). Small-angle X-ray scattering performed at ambient temperature confirms that (i) increasing hydrogenation reduces the microdomain periodicity of the neat copolymers and (ii) increasing the oil concentration of the TPEGs tends to swell the nanostructure (increasing the periodicity), but concurrently decreases the size of the styrenic micelles, to different extents depending on the molecular architecture. Complementary dissipative particle dynamics simulations reveal the level to which midblock bridging, which is primarily responsible for the elasticity in this class of materials, is influenced by both oil concentration and molecular architecture. Since constrained topological complexity increases with increasing block number, we introduce a midblock conformation index that facilitates systematic classification of the different topologies involved in nearest-micelle bridgemore »
- Authors:
-
- North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States). Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States). Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH (United States). Corporate Research & Development
- Imperial College, London (United Kingdom). Department of Materials
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
- North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States). Fiber & Polymer Science Program
- North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States). Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Materials Science & Engineering ; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin (Germany). IRIS Adlershof
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); Nonwovens Institute (NWI); German Research Foundation (DFG)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1465729
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Macromolecules
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 51; Journal Issue: 14; Journal ID: ISSN 0024-9297
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Tuhin, Mohammad O., Ryan, Justin J., Sadler, J. David, Han, Zexiang, Lee, Byeongdu, Smith, Steven D., Pasquinelli, Melissa A., and Spontak, Richard J. Microphase-Separated Morphologies and Molecular Network Topologies in Multiblock Copolymer Gels. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00853.
Tuhin, Mohammad O., Ryan, Justin J., Sadler, J. David, Han, Zexiang, Lee, Byeongdu, Smith, Steven D., Pasquinelli, Melissa A., & Spontak, Richard J. Microphase-Separated Morphologies and Molecular Network Topologies in Multiblock Copolymer Gels. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00853
Tuhin, Mohammad O., Ryan, Justin J., Sadler, J. David, Han, Zexiang, Lee, Byeongdu, Smith, Steven D., Pasquinelli, Melissa A., and Spontak, Richard J. Fri .
"Microphase-Separated Morphologies and Molecular Network Topologies in Multiblock Copolymer Gels". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00853. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1465729.
@article{osti_1465729,
title = {Microphase-Separated Morphologies and Molecular Network Topologies in Multiblock Copolymer Gels},
author = {Tuhin, Mohammad O. and Ryan, Justin J. and Sadler, J. David and Han, Zexiang and Lee, Byeongdu and Smith, Steven D. and Pasquinelli, Melissa A. and Spontak, Richard J.},
abstractNote = {Strong physical gels derived from thermoplastic elastomeric ABA triblock copolymers solvated with a midblock-selective oil continue to find use in increasingly diverse applications requiring highly elastic and mechanically robust soft materials with tunable properties. Here, in this study, we first investigate the morphological characteristics of thermoplastic elastomer gels (TPEGs) derived from a homologous series of linear A(BA)n multiblock copolymers composed of styrene and hydrogenated isoprene repeat units and possessing comparable molecular weight but varying in the number of B-blocks: 1 (triblock), 2 (pentablock), and 3 (heptablock). Small-angle X-ray scattering performed at ambient temperature confirms that (i) increasing hydrogenation reduces the microdomain periodicity of the neat copolymers and (ii) increasing the oil concentration of the TPEGs tends to swell the nanostructure (increasing the periodicity), but concurrently decreases the size of the styrenic micelles, to different extents depending on the molecular architecture. Complementary dissipative particle dynamics simulations reveal the level to which midblock bridging, which is primarily responsible for the elasticity in this class of materials, is influenced by both oil concentration and molecular architecture. Since constrained topological complexity increases with increasing block number, we introduce a midblock conformation index that facilitates systematic classification of the different topologies involved in nearest-micelle bridge formation. Lastly, those possessing at least one bridged and one looped midblock with no dangling ends are found to be the most predominant topologies in the pentablock and heptablock networks.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00853},
journal = {Macromolecules},
number = 14,
volume = 51,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jul 06 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Fri Jul 06 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Phase Behaviour and Morphologies of Block Copolymers
book, January 2005
- Abetz, Volker; Simon, Peter F. W.
- Block Copolymers I
Enabling nanotechnology with self assembled block copolymer patterns
journal, October 2003
- Park, Cheolmin; Yoon, Jongseung; Thomas, Edwin L.
- Polymer, Vol. 44, Issue 22, p. 6725-6760
Conjugated Block Copolymer Photovoltaics with near 3% Efficiency through Microphase Separation
journal, May 2013
- Guo, Changhe; Lin, Yen-Hao; Witman, Matthew D.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 6
Mechanochromic Photonic Gels
journal, June 2013
- Chan, Edwin P.; Walish, Joseph J.; Urbas, Augustine M.
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 29
Structural Color for Additive Manufacturing: 3D-Printed Photonic Crystals from Block Copolymers
journal, February 2017
- Boyle, Bret M.; French, Tracy A.; Pearson, Ryan M.
- ACS Nano, Vol. 11, Issue 3
Preface to Forum on Block Copolymers for Nanotechnology Applications
journal, March 2017
- Müller-Buschbaum, Peter
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 37
50th Anniversary Perspective : Block Polymers—Pure Potential
journal, December 2016
- Bates, Christopher M.; Bates, Frank S.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 50, Issue 1
Stabilizing the Ordered Bicontinuous Double Diamond Structure of Diblock Copolymer by Configurational Regularity
journal, May 2018
- Lin, Chih-Hsuan; Higuchi, Takeshi; Chen, Hsin-Lung
- Macromolecules, Vol. 51, Issue 11
The Gyroid: A New Equilibrium Morphology in Weakly Segregated Diblock Copolymers
journal, July 1994
- Hajduk, Damian A.; Harper, Paul E.; Gruner, Sol M.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 27, Issue 15
Microstructural Analysis of a Cubic Bicontinuous Morphology in a Neat SIS Triblock Copolymer
journal, June 1997
- Laurer, Jonathan H.; Hajduk, Damian A.; Fung, Jennifer C.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 30, Issue 13
Direct Measurement of Interfacial Curvature Distributions in a Bicontinuous Block Copolymer Morphology
journal, January 2000
- Jinnai, Hiroshi; Nishikawa, Yukihiro; Spontak, Richard J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 84, Issue 3
Orthorhombic Network in Triblock and Diblock Copolymer Melts
journal, May 2005
- Tyler, Christopher A.; Morse, David C.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 94, Issue 20
Orthorhombic Fddd Network in Diblock Copolymer Melts
journal, June 2007
- Takenaka, Mikihito; Wakada, Tsutomu; Akasaka, Satoshi
- Macromolecules, Vol. 40, Issue 13
Discovery of a Frank-Kasper Phase in Sphere-Forming Block Copolymer Melts
journal, October 2010
- Lee, S.; Bluemle, M. J.; Bates, F. S.
- Science, Vol. 330, Issue 6002
Phase Behavior of Triblock Copolymers Varying in Molecular Asymmetry
journal, October 2005
- Hamersky, Mark W.; Smith, Steven D.; Gozen, Arif O.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 16
Slow Dielectric Relaxation of a Styrene-Isoprene-Styrene Triblock Copolymer with Dipole Inversion in the Middle Block: A Challenge to a Loop/Bridge Problem
journal, July 1995
- Watanabe, Hiroshi
- Macromolecules, Vol. 28, Issue 14
On the Loops-to-Bridges Ratio in Ordered Triblock Copolymers: An Investigation by Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy and Computer Simulations
journal, January 2000
- Karatasos, K.; Anastasiadis, S. H.; Pakula, T.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 33, Issue 2
Concentration Dependence of Loop Fraction in Styrene−Isoprene−Styrene Triblock Copolymer Solutions and Corresponding Changes in Equilibrium Elasticity
journal, April 2000
- Watanabe, Hiroshi; Sato, Tomohiro; Osaki, Kunihiro
- Macromolecules, Vol. 33, Issue 7
Molecular, Nanostructural and Mechanical Characteristics of Lamellar Triblock Copolymer Blends: Effects of Molecular Weight and Constraint
journal, March 2001
- Kane, Lisaleigh; Norman, David A.; White, Scott A.
- Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 22, Issue 5
Lamellar phase of a symmetric triblock copolymer
journal, January 1994
- Matsen, M. W.; Schick, M.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 27, Issue 1
Equilibrium behavior of symmetric ABA triblock copolymer melts
journal, October 1999
- Matsen, M. W.; Thompson, R. B.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 111, Issue 15
Communication: Molecular-level insights into asymmetric triblock copolymers: Network and phase development
journal, September 2014
- Tallury, Syamal S.; Mineart, Kenneth P.; Woloszczuk, Sebastian
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 141, Issue 12
Dissipative particle dynamics of triblock copolymer melts: A midblock conformational study at moderate segregation
journal, December 2014
- Tallury, Syamal S.; Spontak, Richard J.; Pasquinelli, Melissa A.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 141, Issue 24
Multicritical phenomena and microphase ordering in random block copolymers melts
journal, November 1992
- Fredrickson, Glenn H.; Milner, Scott T.; Leibler, Ludwik
- Macromolecules, Vol. 25, Issue 23
Sulfonated hydrocarbon membranes for medium-temperature and low-humidity proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)
journal, November 2011
- Park, Chi Hoon; Lee, Chang Hyun; Guiver, Michael D.
- Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 36, Issue 11
Synthesis of new multiblock copolymers via cross-metathesis reaction of polytrimethylsilylnorbornene and polycyclooctene
journal, July 2017
- Denisova, Yu. I.; Gringolts, M. L.; Krentsel’, L. B.
- Polymer Science, Series B, Vol. 59, Issue 4
Microdomain contraction in microphase-separated multiblock copolymers
journal, June 1993
- Smith, S. D.; Spontak, R. J.; Satkowski, M. M.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 47, Issue 21
Microphase-separated poly(styrene-b-isoprene)n multiblock copolymers with constant block lengths
journal, October 1994
- Smith, S. D.; Spontak, R. J.; Satkowski, M. M.
- Polymer, Vol. 35, Issue 21
Perfectly-alternating linear (AB)n multiblock copolymers: Effect of molecular design on morphology and properties
journal, January 2001
- Spontak, Richard J.; Smith, Steven D.
- Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 39, Issue 9
Consequences of Block Number on the Order−Disorder Transition and Viscoelastic Properties of Linear (AB) n Multiblock Copolymers
journal, May 2004
- Wu, Lifeng; Cochran, Eric W.; Lodge, Timothy P.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 37, Issue 9
Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Alternating and Random Poly(styrene- b -butadiene) Multiblock Copolymers
journal, May 2013
- Lee, Intaek; Bates, Frank S.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 46, Issue 11
Combining polyethylene and polypropylene: Enhanced performance with PE/ i PP multiblock polymers
journal, February 2017
- Eagan, James M.; Xu, Jun; Di Girolamo, Rocco
- Science, Vol. 355, Issue 6327
Multiblock Polymers: Panacea or Pandora's Box?
journal, April 2012
- Bates, F. S.; Hillmyer, M. A.; Lodge, T. P.
- Science, Vol. 336, Issue 6080
Isothermal morphology diagrams for binary blends of diblock copolymer and homopolymer
journal, May 1992
- Winey, Karen I.; Thomas, Edwin L.; Fetters, Lewis J.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 25, Issue 10
Phase Behavior of Block Copolymer/Homopolymer Blends
journal, August 1995
- Matsen, M. W.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 28, Issue 17
Ternary Phase Behavior of a Triblock Copolymer in the Presence of an Endblock-Selective Homopolymer and a Midblock-Selective Oil
journal, July 2012
- Krishnan, Arjun S.; Smith, Steven D.; Spontak, Richard J.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 45, Issue 15
The Full Phase Behavior for Block Copolymers in Solvents of Varying Selectivity
journal, June 2002
- Lodge, Timothy P.; Pudil, Bryant; Hanley, Kenneth J.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 35, Issue 12
Complex Phase Behavior and Network Characteristics of Midblock-Solvated Triblock Copolymers as Physically Cross-Linked Soft Materials
journal, November 2017
- Woloszczuk, Sebastian; Tuhin, Mohammad O.; Gade, Soumya R.
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 46
Electroactive Nanostructured Polymers as Tunable Actuators
journal, September 2007
- Shankar, R.; Ghosh, T. K.; Spontak, R. J.
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 19, Issue 17
Dielectric elastomers as next-generation polymeric actuators
journal, January 2007
- Shankar, Ravi; Ghosh, Tushar K.; Spontak, Richard J.
- Soft Matter, Vol. 3, Issue 9
Electric Actuation of Nanostructured Thermoplastic Elastomer Gels with Ultralarge Electrostriction Coefficients
journal, July 2011
- Kim, Bori; Park, Youn Duk; Min, Kyoungho
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 21, Issue 17
Prestrain-Free Dielectric Elastomers Based on Acrylic Thermoplastic Elastomer Gels: A Morphological and (Electro)Mechanical Property Study
journal, February 2012
- Vargantwar, Pruthesh H.; Özçam, A. Evren; Ghosh, Tushar K.
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 10
Designing Dielectric Elastomers over Multiple Length Scales for 21st Century soft Materials Technologies
journal, June 2017
- Armstrong, Daniel P.; Spontak, Richard J.
- Rubber Chemistry and Technology, Vol. 90, Issue 2
A New Strategy to Prepare Polymer-based Shape Memory Elastomers: A New Strategy to Prepare Polymer-based Shape …
journal, July 2011
- Song, Shijie; Feng, Jiachun; Wu, Peiyi
- Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 32, Issue 19
A new strategy to prepare polymer composites with versatile shape memory properties
journal, January 2012
- Zhang, Qinglong; Song, Shijie; Feng, Jiachun
- Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 47
Phase-Change Thermoplastic Elastomer Blends for Tunable Shape Memory by Physical Design
journal, December 2016
- Mineart, Kenneth P.; Tallury, Syamal S.; Li, Tao
- Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 55, Issue 49
Large-Strain Mechanical Behavior of Model Block Copolymer Adhesives
journal, October 2009
- Creton, Costantino; Hu, Guangjun; Deplace, Fanny
- Macromolecules, Vol. 42, Issue 20
Thermoplastic Elastomer Gels: An Advanced Substrate for Microfluidic Chemical Analysis Systems
journal, August 2005
- Sudarsan, Arjun P.; Wang, Jian; Ugaz, Victor M.
- Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 77, Issue 16
Ultrastretchable, cyclable and recyclable 1- and 2-dimensional conductors based on physically cross-linked thermoplastic elastomer gels
journal, January 2013
- Mineart, Kenneth P.; Lin, Yiliang; Desai, Sharvil C.
- Soft Matter, Vol. 9, Issue 32
A Record Nine Different Phases (Four Cubic, Two Hexagonal, and One Lamellar Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline and Two Micellar Solutions) in a Ternary Isothermal System of an Amphiphilic Block Copolymer and Selective Solvents (Water and Oil)
journal, May 1998
- Alexandridis, Paschalis; Olsson, Ulf; Lindman, Björn
- Langmuir, Vol. 14, Issue 10
Ion Gels by Self-Assembly of a Triblock Copolymer in an Ionic Liquid †
journal, May 2007
- He, Yiyong; Boswell, Paul G.; Bühlmann, Philippe
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 111, Issue 18
Tuning the erosion rate of artificial protein hydrogels through control of network topology
journal, January 2006
- Shen, Wei; Zhang, Kechun; Kornfield, Julia A.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Polymer Electrolytes
journal, July 2013
- Hallinan, Daniel T.; Balsara, Nitash P.
- Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 43, Issue 1
Enhanced Biomimetic Performance of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Actuators Prepared with Nanostructured Block Ionomers
journal, November 2011
- Vargantwar, Pruthesh H.; Roskov, Kristen E.; Ghosh, Tushar K.
- Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 33, Issue 1
Highly Flexible Aqueous Photovoltaic Elastomer Gels Derived from Sulfonated Block Ionomers
journal, January 2015
- Al-Mohsin, Heba A.; Mineart, Kenneth P.; Spontak, Richard J.
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 8
Quasi-Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Containing a Charged Thermoplastic Elastomeric Gel Electrolyte and Hydrophilic/phobic Photosensitizers
journal, January 2018
- Al-Mohsin, Heba A.; Mineart, Kenneth P.; Armstrong, Daniel P.
- Solar RRL, Vol. 2, Issue 3
Characterization of a sulfonated pentablock copolymer for desalination applications
journal, November 2010
- Geise, G. M.; Freeman, B. D.; Paul, D. R.
- Polymer, Vol. 51, Issue 24
Structure, physical properties, and molecule transport of gas, liquid, and ions within a pentablock copolymer
journal, August 2014
- Fan, Yanfang; Zhang, Mingqiang; Moore, Robert B.
- Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 464
Solvent-Templated Block Ionomers for Base- and Acid-Gas Separations: Effect of Humidity on Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide Permeation
journal, September 2017
- Ansaloni, Luca; Dai, Zhongde; Ryan, Justin J.
- Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 4, Issue 22
Triblock Copolymer Organogels as High-Performance Dielectric Elastomers
journal, August 2008
- Shankar, Ravi; Krishnan, Arjun K.; Ghosh, Tushar K.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 41, Issue 16
Olefinic Thermoplastic Elastomer Gels: Combining Polymer Crystallization and Microphase Separation in a Selective Solvent
journal, October 2016
- Armstrong, Daniel P.; Mineart, Kenneth P.; Lee, Byeongdu
- ACS Macro Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Effect of Systematic Hydrogenation on the Phase Behavior and Nanostructural Dimensions of Block Copolymers
journal, January 2018
- Ashraf, Arman R.; Ryan, Justin J.; Satkowski, Michael M.
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 10, Issue 4
Communication: Molecular-level description of constrained chain topologies in multiblock copolymer gel networks
journal, June 2018
- Tuhin, Mohammad O.; Woloszczuk, Sebastian; Mineart, Kenneth P.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 148, Issue 23
On the role of hydrodynamic interactions in block copolymer microphase separation
journal, May 1999
- Groot, Robert D.; Madden, Timothy J.; Tildesley, Dominic J.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 110, Issue 19
Fast Parallel Algorithms for Short-Range Molecular Dynamics
journal, March 1995
- Plimpton, Steve
- Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 117, Issue 1
Effect of Architecture on the Phase Behavior of AB-Type Block Copolymer Melts
journal, February 2012
- Matsen, M. W.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 45, Issue 4
Theory of block copolymer interfaces in the strong segregation limit
journal, November 1993
- Semenov, A. N.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 26, Issue 24
Shear-Induced Single Crystalline Mesophases in Physical Networks of Gel-Forming Triblock Copolymer Solutions
journal, November 1997
- Kleppinger, R.; Mischenko, N.; Theunissen, E.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 30, Issue 22
Shear-Induced Morphologies of Cubic Ordered Block Copolymer Micellar Networks Studied by in Situ Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Rheology
journal, September 2002
- Mortensen, Kell; Theunissen, Elisabeth; Kleppinger, Ralf
- Macromolecules, Vol. 35, Issue 20
Selectively solvated triblock copolymer networks under biaxial strain
journal, September 2011
- Krishnan, Arjun S.; van Zanten, John H.; Seifert, Sönke
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 10
Epitaxial Transitions among FCC, HCP, BCC, and Cylinder Phases in a Block Copolymer Solution
journal, November 2004
- Park, Moon Jeong; Bang, Joona; Harada, Tamotsu
- Macromolecules, Vol. 37, Issue 24
On the selection of FCC and BCC lattices in poly(styrene-b-isoprene) copolymer micelles
journal, January 2008
- Bang, Joona; Lodge, Timothy P.
- Macromolecular Research, Vol. 16, Issue 1
Small-angle scattering of particle assemblies
journal, July 2015
- Senesi, Andrew J.; Lee, Byeongdu
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 48, Issue 4
Entangled triblock copolymer gel: Morphological and mechanical properties
journal, January 2013
- Chantawansri, Tanya L.; Sirk, Timothy W.; Sliozberg, Yelena R.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 138, Issue 2
Topological constraints of network chains in telechelic associative polymer gels
journal, December 2015
- Li, Sijia; Chen, Jizhong; Xu, Donghua
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 143, Issue 24
Quantifying the impact of molecular defects on polymer network elasticity
journal, September 2016
- Zhong, M.; Wang, R.; Kawamoto, K.
- Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6305
Self-Consistent Field Theory of Gelation in Triblock Copolymer Solutions
journal, November 2009
- Bras, Rafael E.; Shull, Kenneth R.
- Macromolecules, Vol. 42, Issue 21
Theoretical modeling and simulations of self-assembly of copolymers in solution
journal, December 2017
- Zhang, Qian; Lin, Jiaping; Wang, Liquan
- Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 75
Works referencing / citing this record:
1st Symposium on Polydopamine and NanoTech Poland 2018: Conference Report
journal, November 2018
- Mrówczyński, Radosław; d’Ischia, Marco; Lee, Haeshin
- Biomimetics, Vol. 3, Issue 4
Dielectric and Resistive Heating of Polymeric Media: Toward Remote Thermal Activation of Stimuli‐Responsive Soft Materials
journal, December 2018
- Armstrong, Daniel P.; Spontak, Richard J.
- Macromolecular Rapid Communications
Thermoplastic Elastomer Systems Containing Carbon Nanofibers as Soft Piezoresistive Sensors
journal, October 2018
- Turgut, Ayse; Tuhin, Mohammad O.; Toprakci, Ozan
- ACS Omega, Vol. 3, Issue 10
Spectroscopic and Rheological Cross-Analysis of Polyester Polyol Cure Behavior: Role of Polyester Secondary Hydroxyl Content
journal, January 2019
- Tilly, Joseph C.; Pervaje, Amulya K.; Inglefield, David L.
- ACS Omega, Vol. 4, Issue 1
1st Symposium on Polydopamine and NanoTech Poland 2018: Conference Report
journal, November 2018
- Mrówczyński, Radosław; d’Ischia, Marco; Lee, Haeshin
- Biomimetics, Vol. 3, Issue 4